Hostname: page-component-7bb8b95d7b-dvmhs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-09-12T12:26:39.288Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The Axisymmetric Impingement of Supersonic Air Jets on Cones

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 June 2016

I.K. Jennions  and
B.L. Hunt
I.K. Jennions
Affiliation:
Imperial College
B.L. Hunt
Affiliation:
University of Bristol
Get access

Summary

This paper reports an experimental investigation into the impingement of three jets from a convergent, conically divergent nozzle on to three cones of apex angles 120°, 90° and 60°. The exit Mach number of the nozzle was 2.2 and the jets were produced by operating with ratios of nozzle lip pressure to ambient pressure of 1, 1.2 and 2. The cones were arranged symmetrically in the jets at nozzle to apex distances of 0, 1 and 2 times the nozzle exit diameter. Surface pressures and shadowgraph pictures are presented. The most striking feature of the flows is the shock pattern produced by the interaction between the cone shock and the jet shock. This pattern can take a wide variety of forms depending on the structure of the free jet and strongly influences the form of the surface pressure distribution. For the most part, the flows can be explained on the basis of inviscid behaviour.

Type
Research Article
Information
Aeronautical Quarterly , Volume 31 , Issue 1 , February 1980 , pp. 26 - 41
Copyright
Copyright © Royal Aeronautical Society. 1980

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1 Henderson, L.F., Experiments on the impingement of a supersonic jet on a flat plate, ZAMP, 17, 553–569 (1966)Google Scholar
2 Ginzburg, I.P.,, Belov, I.A.,, Zazimko, V.A. and Terpigor’ev, V.S., The problem of the effect of turbulence characteristics on the heat exchange between a supersonic jet and a perpendicular flat plate, Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 1, 381–393, Minsk, 1968 (in Russian)Google Scholar
3 Clark, L.V., Experimental investigation of close-range rocket exhaust impingement on surfaces in a vacuum, NASA, TN D-5895 (1970)Google Scholar
4 Gummer, J.H. and Hunt, B.L., The impingement of a uniform axisymmetric supersonic jet on a perpendicular flat plate, The Aeronautical Quarterly, 22, 403–420 (1971)Google Scholar
5 Gummer, J.H. and Hunt, B.L., The impingement of non-uniform, axisymmetric supersonic jets on a perpendicular flat plate, Israel Jnl. of Technology, 12, 221–235 (1974)Google Scholar
6 Gubanova, O.I.,, Lunev, V.V. and Plastinina, L.N., The central breakaway zone with interaction between a supersonic underexpanded jet and a barrier, Fluid Dynamics, 6, 298–301 (1974)Google Scholar
7 Kalghatgi, G.T. and Hunt, B.L., The occurrence of stagnation bubbles in supersonic jet impingement flows, The Aeronautical Quarterly, 27, 169–185 (1976)Google Scholar
8 Lamont, P.J. and Hunt, B.L., The impingement of underexpanded axisymmetric jets on wedges, Jl. Fluid Mech., 76, 307–336 (1976)Google Scholar
9 Donaldson, C. Du P. and Snedeker, R.S., A study of free jet impingement, Part 1, Mean properties of free and impinging jets, Jl. Fluid Mech., 45, 281–319 (1971)Google Scholar
10 Lamont, P.J. and Hunt, B.L., The impingement of underexpanded, axisymmetric jets on perpendicular and inclined flat plates, to be published in Jl. Fluid Mech., 1980 Google Scholar
11 Jennions, I.K.,, Ma, A.C.,S. and Spalding, D.B., A theoretical and experimental study of supersonic jet impingement on cones, submitted to XIIth Int. Symp. on Shock Tubes and Waves, Jerusalem, July 1979 Google Scholar
12 Back, L.H. and Cuffel, R.F., Detection of oblique shocks in a conical nozzle with a circular arc throat, AIAA Jl. 4, 2219–2221 (1966)Google Scholar
13 Carling, J.C. and Hunt, B.L., The near wall jet of a normally impinging, uniform, axisymmetric supersonic jet, Jl. Fluid Mech., 66, 159–177 (1974)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
14 Henderson, L.F., On the confluence of three shock waves in a perfect gas, Aeronautical Quarterly, 15, 181–197 (1964)Google Scholar
15 Kalghatgi, G.T. and Hunt, B.L., The three shock confluence problem for the case of normally impinging, overexpanded jets, The Aeronautical Quarterly, 26, 117–132 (1975)Google Scholar
16 Back, L.H. and Sarohia, V., Pressure pulsations on a flat plate normal to an underexpanded supersonic jet, AIAA Jl., 16, 634–636 (1978)Google Scholar