Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-p9bg8 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-22T10:12:56.052Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The mixing of three-dimensional turbulent wakes and boundary layers

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 July 2016

A. Moghadam  and
L. C. Squire
A. Moghadam
Affiliation:
Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge
L. C. Squire
Affiliation:
Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

A fundamental study is presented of the three-dimensional aspects of the wake/boundary layer interaction as it occurs on high-lift wings, particularly the slat-wake/wing boundary layer interaction. A digital system for measuring and recording all the components of the mean velocity and the Reynolds stress tensor using a triple hot-wire probe has been developed. This system has been tested and has been used to measure the interaction between the wakes of swept aerofoils and the fully turbulent boundary layer developing on a flat plate. An important and interesting result of all the tests is the rapid decay of the three dimensionality in the wake, so that in many cases the actual interaction is almost two-dimensional. Two cases of three-dimensional interaction have been simulated. In one case the interaction is fully three-dimensional while in the other case it can be assumed to be quasi three-dimensional. For the quasi three-dimensional confluent flow, the measured results have been compared with the predictions of the two-dimensional form of K-ε and algebraic stress turbulence models. The overall agreement between the measured and predicted results is good. However, for the turbulence flow field the agreement is less satisfactory in the initial mixing region where the three-dimensionality is strong and it is also poor in the wall boundary layer.

Type
Research Article
Information
The Aeronautical Journal , Volume 93 , Issue 925 , May 1989 , pp. 153 - 161
Copyright
Copyright © Royal Aeronautical Society 1989 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1. Foster, D. N., Irwin, H. P. A. H. and Williams, B. R. The Two-Dimensional Flow Around a Slotted Flap, ARC-R & M 3681, 1970.Google Scholar
2. Ljungstorm, B. L. G. Boundary layer studies on a two-dimensional high-lift wing FFA AU-862, 1972.Google Scholar
3. Foster, D. N., Ashill, P. R. and Williams, B. R. The Nature, Development and Effect of the Viscous Flow Around an Aerofoil With High-Lift Devices, RAE-TR 72227, 1973.Google Scholar
4. Stevens, W. A., Goradia, S. H. and Braden, J. A. Mathematical Model for Two-Dimensional Multi-Component Aerofoils in Viscous Flow, NASA CR-1843, 1971.Google Scholar
5. Irwin, H. P. A. H. A Calculation Method for the Two-Dimensional Turbulent Flow Over a Slotted Flap, ARC-CP 1267, 1972.Google Scholar
6. Seebohm, T. and Newman, B. G. A numerical method for calculating viscous flow around multiple-section aerofoils, Aeronaut Q, Aug 1975.Google Scholar
7. Brune, G. W. and Manke, J. W. Upgraded Viscous Flow Analysis of Multi-Element Aerofoils, AIAA Paper 78-1224, 1978.Google Scholar
8. Van Den Berg, B. and Oskam, B. Boundary Layer Measure ments on a Two-Dimensional Wing With a Flap and a Comparison With Calculations, AGARD CP 271-18,1980.Google Scholar
9. Pot, P. J. A wake boundary layer mixing experiment. 2nd Symposium on Turbulent Shear Flows, London, 1979. See also: Data Report NLR TR 79003L, 1979.Google Scholar
10. Johnston, L. J. The mixing of a two-dimensional turbulent wake and boundary layer at constant pressure CWSG High-Lift Symposium, 1980. See also: QMC Engineering Paper QMC-EP-1070, s.Google Scholar
11. Zhou, M. D. and Squire, L. C. The Interaction of a Wake With a Boundary Layer, Data Report CUED/A-Aero/TR.ll, 1981. See also: Proceedings of IUTAM Symposium on Structure of Complex Turbulent Shear Flows, 1983 and Aeronaut J Feb 1985, 89, (882), 72–81.Google Scholar
12. Bario, F., Charnay, G. and Papailiou, K. D. An experiment concerning the confluence of a wake and a boundary layer Trans ASME J Fluids Eng. Vol 104, 18–24, 1982.Google Scholar
13. Bradshaw, P. and Kaye, S. R. Viscous Layer Measurements on Multi-Element Aerofoils. IC Report ERP/AC/1436, 1982.Google Scholar
14. Brune, G. W. and Sikavi, D. A. Experimental Investigation of the Confluent Boundary Layer of a Multi-Element Low Speed Aerofoil, AIAA Paper 83-0566, 1983.Google Scholar
15. Johnston, L. J. Two-Dimensional Turbulent Wake/Boundary Layer Mixing. Part 2: A Wing/Leading Edge Slat Configuration, QMC Engineering Paper QMC-EP 1071, 1985.Google Scholar
16. Brune, G. W. Theoretical predictions of confluent boundary layers, Proceedings of 3rd Symposium on Turbulent Shear Flows 1981.Google Scholar
17. Norman, G. A Development of a Finite-Difference Program to Predict the Confluence of a Wake and a Boundary Layer, BAe Report BAe-MAE-R-FDM-106, 1983.Google Scholar
18. Nemouchi, Z. Numerical Computation of Merging Turbulent Wakes and Boundary Layers, UMIST Mechanical Engineering Department, Report TFD/83/8, 1983.Google Scholar
19. Johnston, L. J. Calculation of Wake/Boundary Layer Mixing Flows Using a Two-Equation Turbulence Model, ARA Memo 258, 1985.Google Scholar
20. Agoropoulos, D. and Squire, L. C. Interactions between turbulent wakes and boundary layers, AIAA J, 26, 1194–1200, 1988.Google Scholar
21. Kilik, E. Calculation of a Merging Boundary Layer and Wake Flow Using a Two-Equation Turbulence Model. AIAA Paper 86-0083, 1986.Google Scholar
22. Lakshminarayana, B. Three sensor hot wire/film techniques for three-dimensional mean and turbulence flow field measurement, TSI Q, 1982, 8, (1).Google Scholar
23. Leschziner, M. A. An Introduction and Guide to the Computer Code PASSABLE, UMIST Report, 1982.Google Scholar
24. Launder, B. E. and Spalding, D. B. The numerical computation of turbulent flow, Comput Methods Appl Mech Eng, 1974, 3, 269–289.Google Scholar
25. Launder, B. E., Reece, G. J. and Rodi, W. Progress in the development of a Reynolds stress turbulence closure, J Fluid Mech, 1975, 68, (3).Google Scholar
26. Launder, B. E. Turbulence modelling in the vicinity of a wall,1980-81 AFOSR-HTMM-Stanford Conference, Complex Turbulent Flows, Vol II.Google Scholar
27. Cousteix, J. and Pailhas, G. Three-dimensional wake of a swept wing, Symposium on Structure of Complex Turbulent Shear Flow. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1983, 208–218.Google Scholar