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Integral Axi-Symmetric Nozzle Design

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 July 2016

M. J. Cohen*
Affiliation:
Northampton College of Advanced Technology

Extract

This is an extension of the design method described in ref. 1 to the compressible flow in integral nozzles comprising both subsonic (contraction) and supersonic (effusor) parts. The nozzles are axially symmetric and will be considered as isentropic convertors of low speed high enthalpy inviscid gas to a high speed, relatively low enthalpy state, heat transfer effects being ignored. The key advantage of the method over existing hybrid design methods(2'3'4'5) is that no assumption is made as to conditions in the “sonic” throat region before expansion in the effusor, the design being integral from low speed inlet to high speed outlet. A slight disadvantage of the method is that of ref 1, namely that a nozzle of an ideally infinite extent has to be truncated both at inlet and outlet. However, for a given nozzle length this limitation can be biased towards the relatively insensitive low subsonic inlet to benefit correspondingly outlet conditions to the extent that it should be possible to make the maximum variation from the mean in the cross-sectional speed at outlet less than 0.01 per cent. The method is being applied to design integral hypersonic nozzle units for the projected small intermittent hypersonic facility in the Department of Aeronautics and Space Technology. This tunnel will have a nominal working-section diameter of 2 in and the flow will be accelerated from low speed (about 20 ft/sec) at inlet to Mach numbers of either 5, 6, or 7 at outlet to the working section using three alternative nozzles.

Type
Technical Notes
Copyright
Copyright © Royal Aeronautical Society 1965

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References

1.Cohen, M. J. and Ritchie, N. J. B.Low-Speed Three- Dimensional Contraction Design, Journal of the Royal Aeronautical Society, Vol. 66, April 1962.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
2.Tsien, H. S.Design of a Contraction Cone for a Wind-Tunnel. J Ae Sc, Vol. 10, February 1943.Google Scholar
3.Sczczeniowski, B.Contraction Cone for a Wind-Tunnel. J Ae Sc, Vol. 10, December 1943.Google Scholar
4.Sauer, R. Method of Characteristics for Three-Dimensional Axially Symmetrical Super-Sonic Flows. NACA TM 1133, 1947.Google Scholar
5.Beckwith, I. E., Ridyard, H. W. and Crome, N. The Aerodynamic Design of High Mach Number Nozzles utilizing Axi-Symmetric Flow. NACA TN 2711, 1954.Google Scholar