No CrossRef data available.
Article contents
British Universities and Aeronautical Research|The Fourth Lanchester Memorial Lecture
Part of:
RAeS Lanchester Lecture Papers
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 04 July 2016
Summary
Some remarks are first made on the pertinence of the topic chosen for a lecture dedicated to Dr. Lanchester. A brief historical review is then given of the development of University teaching and research activities in Aeronautics from the early years of the Century to the present. An imaginary but typical modern University Department of Aeronautical Engineering is described with particular reference to numbers of students, staff, laboratory equipment and budget. Some of the many research topics to which the Universities have made and are making important contributions are then discussed briefly. These are to illustrate the scope and tendencies of University research against the background of current developments in Aeronautics. Among the subjects referred to are such topics as the structure of the turbulent boundary layer and the measurement of skin friction, flow Separation phenomena, boundary layer drag and heat transfer at high speeds, aeroelasticity, the application of matrix methods to structural analysis using digital Computers, structural damping, secondary flows in propulsion machinery, the rotating stall and jet noise.
The paper concludes with some general remarks on the relationships between the Universities, the Government Research Establishments and the Industry and on the future of University research. The importance of maintaining on the one hand the independence of the Universities and on the other hand the closest contact between them, the Government Establishments and Industry is strongly emphasised.
- Type
- The Fourth Lanchester Memorial Lecture
- Information
- Copyright
- Copyright © Royal Aeronautical Society 1961
References
1.Lanchester, G. H. (1957). Lanchester, F. W., LL.D., F.R.S., His Life and Work. Trans, of the Newcomen Soc., Vol. XXX, 1957.Google Scholar
3.Von Kármán, Th. (1958). Lanchester's Contributions to the Theory of Flight and Operational Research. The First Lanchester Memorial Lecture. Journal of the Royal Aeronautical Society, February 1958.Google Scholar
6.Lighthill, M. J. (1960). Mathematics and Aeronautics. The 48th Wilbur Wright Memorial Lecture. Journal of the Royal Aeronautical Society, July 1960.Google Scholar
7.Jones, B. Melvill (1929). The Streamline Aeroplane, Journal of the Royal Aeronautical Society, 1929.Google Scholar
8. Cambridge University Aeronautics Laboratory (1936). The Measurement of Profile Drag by the Pitot-Traverse Method, A.R.C. R. & M. 1688, 1936.Google Scholar
9.Taylor, G. I. (1935-6). Statistical Theory of Turbulence, Parts 1-4, Proc. Roy. Soc. A, 151, 421, 1935; Part 5, Proc. Roy. Soc. A, 156, 207, 1936.Google Scholar
10.Taylor, G. I. (1923). Stability of a Viscous Fluid Contained Between Rotating Cylinders, Phil. Trans. A, 223, 289, 1923.Google Scholar
11.Piercy, N. A. V. (1946). Aerodynamics, 2nd ed., The English Universities Press Ltd., 1946.Google Scholar
12.Collar, A. R. (1959). Aeroelasticity—Retrospect and Prospect. The Second Lanchester Memorial Lecture. Journal of the Royal Aeronautical Society, Jan. 1959.Google Scholar
13.Townsend, A. A. (1956). The Structure of Turbulent Shear Flow, Cambridge University Press, 1956.Google Scholar
14.Townsend, A. A. (1957). The Turbulent Boundary Layer. Symposium on Boundary Layer Research (ed. H., Gortier), Freiburg, Aug. 1957; Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1958.Google Scholar
15.Smith, D. W. and Walker, J. W., (1958). Skin Friction Measurements in Incompressible Flow, N.A.C.A. Tech. Note 4231, March 1958.Google Scholar
16.Preston, J. H. (1954). The Determination of Turbulent Skin Friction by Means of Pitot Tubes. Journal of the Royal Aeronautical Society, Feb. 1954.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
17.Relf, E. F., Pankhurst, R. C. and Walker, W. S. (1954). The Use of Pitot Tubes to Measure Skin Friction on a Flat Plate. Rep. A.R.C. 17,025, 1954. To be published as R. & M. 3185.Google Scholar
18.Jordinson, R. (1956). Flow in a Jet Directed Normal to the Wind, R. & M. No. 3074, 1956.Google Scholar
19.Johannesen, N. H. (1957-9). The Mixing of Free Axially Symmetrical Jets of Mach Number 140, A.R.C. 18,967, 1957. Further Results on the Mixing of Free Axially Symmetrical Jets of Mach Number 1-40, A.R.C. 20,981, 1959. To be published in R. & M. Series.Google Scholar
20.McGregor, I. (1954). Regions of Localised Boundary Layer Separation and their Rôle in the Nose-Stalling of Aero'foils. Thesis submitted for Ph.D., London University, June 1954.Google Scholar
21.Owen, P. R., and Klanfer, L. (1953). On the Laminar Boundary Layer Separation from the Leading Edge of a Thin Aerofoil, A.R.C. C.P. 220, 1953.Google Scholar
22.Sharp, A. W. (1959). The Supersonic Flow Past a Leading Edge Separation Bubble. J. Fluid Mech., 5, 3, 1959.Google Scholar
23.Fink, P. T. and Taylor, J. (1955). Some Low Speed Experiments with 20° Delta Wings, A.R.C. Rep. No. 17,854, 1955. To be published in R. & M. Series.Google Scholar
24.Fink, P. T. (1957). Further Experiments with 20° Delta Wings, A.R.C. Rep. No. 19,526, 1957. To be published in R. & M. Series.Google Scholar
25.Black, J. (1952). Pressure Distribution and Boundary Layer Investigations an a 44° Swept-back and Tapered Wing. A.R.C. C.P. 137, 1952.Google Scholar
26.Elle, B. J. (1958). An Investigation at Low Speed of the Flow near the Apex of Thin Delta Wings with Sharp Leading Edges. R. & M. 3176, 1958.Google Scholar
27.Marsden, D. J., Simpson, R. W. and Rainbird, W. J. (1958). An Investigation into the Flow over Delta Wings at Low Speeds with Leading Separation. College of Aeronautics Rep. 114, 1958.Google Scholar
28.Squire, H. B. (1960). Analysis of the “Vortex Breakdown” Phenomenon. Part I. Rep. No. 102, Aeronautics Dept., Imperial College, 1960.Google Scholar
29.Jones, J. P. (1960). The Breakdown of Vortices in Separated Flow. University of Southampton Rep. 140, 1960.Google Scholar
30.Jones, B. M. and Head, M. R. (1952). The Reduction of Drag by Distributed Suction. Proc. 3rd Anglo-American Aero. Conference, p. 199, Royal Aeronautical Society, London, 1952. See also R. & M. 2783.Google Scholar
31.Lachmann, G. V. (1955). Boundary Layer Control. Journal of the Royal Aeronautical Society, March 1955.Google Scholar
32.Williams, J. (1960). Some British Research on the Basic Aerodynamics of Powered Lift Systems. Journal of the Royal Aeronautical Society, July 1960.Google Scholar
33.Dutton, R. A. (1958). The Effects of Distributed Suction on the Development of Turbulent Boundary Layers. A.R.C. R. & M. 3155, 1958.Google Scholar
34.Kay, J. N. (1953). Experimental Investigation of Boundary Layer Flow Along a Fiat Plate with Uniform Suction. R. & M. No. 2628, 1953.Google Scholar
35.Black, T. J. and Sarnecki, A. J. (1958). The Turbulent Boundary Layer with Suction or Injection. A.R.C. Rep. No. 20,501, 1958. To be published in R. & M. Series.Google Scholar
36.Howarth, L. (1948). Concerning the Effect of Compressibility on Laminar Boundary Layers and their Separation. Proc. Roy. Soc. A, 194, 16, 1948.Google Scholar
37.Stewartson, K. (1949). Correlated Incompressible and Compressible Boundary Layers. Proc. Roy. Soc. A, 200, p. 84, 1949.Google Scholar
38.Illingworth, C. R. (1949). Steady Flow in the Laminar Boundary Layer of a Gas. Proc. Roy. Soc. A, 199, p. 533, 1949.Google Scholar
39.Cohen, C. B. and Reshotko, E. (1956). Similar Solutions for the Compressible Laminar Boundary Layer with Heat Transfer and Pressure Gradient. N.A.C.A. Rep. 1293, 1956; see also N.A.C.A. Rep. 1274, 1956.Google Scholar
40.Luxton, R. E. and Young, A. D. (1960). A Generalised Method for the Calculation of the Laminar Compressible Boundary Layer with Heat Transfer and Non-Uniform Pressure Distribution. A.R.C. Rep. 21,563, 1960. To be published in R. & M. Series.Google Scholar
41.Spence, D. A. (1959). The Growth of Compressible Turbulent Boundary Layers on Isothermal and Adiabatic Walls. A.R.C. R. & M. 3191, 1959.Google Scholar
42.Illingworth, C. R. (1954). The Effect of Heat Transfer on the Separation of a Compressible Laminar Boundary Layer. Quart. J. Mech. and Applied Maths., Vol. 7, 1954.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
43.Dixon, H. B. (1903). On the Movements of the Flame in the Explosion of Gases, Phil. Trans., A 300, 315, 1903.Google Scholar
44.Stollery, J. L. and Maull, D. J. (1959). The Imperial College Hypersonic Gun Tunnel, Aug. 1958—July 1959. Journal of the Royal Aeronautical Society, Jan. 1960.Google Scholar
45.East, R. A. Performance of the University of Southampton Hypersonic Gun Tunnel. University of Southampton Rep. No. 135.Google Scholar
46.Bray, K. N. C. and Makin, B. (1960). Atomic Recombination in a Nozzle—Comparison with Experiment. University of Southampton Rep. No. 143, 1960.Google Scholar
47.Lighthill, M. J. (1957). Dynamics of a Dissociating Gas. I.—Equilibrium Flow. Journal Fluid Mechanics, Vol. 2, p. 1, 1957.Google Scholar
48.Freeman, R. C. (1958). Dynamics of a Dissociating Gas. III.—Non-equilibrium Flow. A.R.C. Rep. 19,216, 1958.Google Scholar
49.Collar, A. R. (1946). The Expanding Domain of Aeroelasticity. Journal Royal Aeronautical Society, Aug. 1946.Google Scholar
50.Clarke, J. F. (1957). The Measurement of Unsteady Forces and Moments on Slender Bodies Oscillating in a Wind Tunnel. R. & M. 3170, 1957.Google Scholar
51.Argyris, J. H. and Kelsey, S. (1956). The Matrix Force Method of Structural Analysis and Some New Applications. R. & M. No. 3034, Feb. 1956.Google Scholar
52.Argyris, J. H. and Kelsey, S. (1959). The Analysis of Fuselages of Arbitrary Cross-Section and Taper. Aircraft Engineering, 31, pp. 62–74, 107-112, 133-143, 169-180, 192- 203, 244-256, 272-283, 1959.Google Scholar
53.Argyris, J. H. and Kelsey, S. (1960). On the Matrix Theory of Structures. Jahrbuch der W.G.L., 1960.Google Scholar
54.Kochanski, S. L. and Argyris, J. H. (1957-8). Some Effects of Kinetic Heating on the Stiffness of Thin Wings. Part I, Aircraft Engineering, Oct. 1957; Part II, Aircraft Engineering, Feb., March, April 1958.Google Scholar
55.Bishop, R. E. D. (1956). The General Theory of Hysteretic Damping. Aeronautical Quarterly, Vol. 7, Feb. 1956.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
56.Mead, D. J. (1957). The Effect of Structural Damping Upon Stresses Due to Jet Efflux, Journal of the Royal Aeronautical Society, Feb. 1957.Google Scholar
57.Mead, D. J. (1958). Internal Damping Due to Structural Joints, A.R.C. C.P. 452, Jan. 1958.Google Scholar
58.Mead, D. J. (1960). The Effect of a Damping Compound on Jet Efflux Excited Vibrations, Aircraft Engineering, pp. 64–72, March 1960.Google Scholar
59.Mead, D. J. and Frond, G. R.. The Damping of Aluminium Honeycomb Sandwich Beams, University of Southampton Rep. No. 144.Google Scholar
60.Milne, R. D. (1960). On the Estimation of Structural Damping from Aircraft Resonance Tests, Journal Aero./ Space Sciences, May 1960.Google Scholar
61.Milne, R. D. The Steady-State Response of Continuous Dissipative Systems with Small Non-linearity (Parts I and II). To be published in the Quarterly Journal of Mechanics and Applied Mathematics.Google Scholar
62.Hawthorne, W. R. (1951). Secondary Circulation in Fluid Flow, Proc. Roy. Soc., A 206, p. 374, 1951.Google Scholar
63.Hawthorne, W. R. and Armstrong, W. D. (1955). Rotational Flow Through Cascades. Quart. J. Mech., Part I, Vol. 8, p. 266; Part II, Vol. 8, p. 280, 1955.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
64.Percival, P. M. E. (1958). Some Problems in the Rotational Flow of Fluids. Cambridge Ph.D. Thesis, 1958.Google Scholar
65.Squire, H. B. and Winter, R. G. (1951). The Secondary Flow in a Cascade of Aerofoils in a Non-Uniform Stream. Journal Aero. Sci., 18, 27, 1951.Google Scholar
66.Preston, J. H. (1954). A Simple Approach to the Theory of Secondary Flows. The Aeronautical Quarterly, 5, 1954.Google Scholar
67.Squire, H. B. (1954). Note on Secondary Flow in a Curved Circular Pipe, A.R.C. 16,601, 1954.Google Scholar
68.Marble, P. E. (1955). Propagation of Stall in a Compressor Blade, Jour. Aero. Sci., 22, 8, p. 541, Aug. 1955.Google Scholar
69.Wood, M. D. (1955). Stall Propagation in Axial Flow Compressors, Cambridge University Ph.D. Thesis, 1955.Google Scholar
70.Whitehead, D. S. (1959). Vibration of Cascade Blades Treated by Actuator Disc Methods, Proc. Inst. Mech Eng. 173, 21, 555, 1959.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
71.Louis, J. F. (1957). A Different Type of Propagating Stall. Propagation of a Reverse Flow Cell in a Rotor. Unpublished Ministry of Aviation Report.Google Scholar
72.Jones, J. P. (1958). The Influence of the Wake on the Flutter and Vibration of Rotor Blades. The Aeronautical Quarterly, Vol. IX, p. 258, August 1958.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
73.Powell, A. (1954). A Survey of Experiments on Jet Noise, Aircraft Engineering, 26, Part 1, p. 2, Jan. 1954.Google Scholar
74.Richards, E. J. and Williams, J. E. FF (1959). Some Recent Developments in Jet Noise Research, University of Southampton Rep. No. 118, 1959.Google Scholar
75.Clarkson, B. L. (1959). Correlation of Noise Pressures and of Induced Strains in an Aircraft Structure, University of Southampton Rep. No. 108, 1959.Google Scholar
76.Clarkson, B. L. and Ford, R. D. (1960). Experimental Study of the Random Vibrations of an Aircraft Structure Excited by Jet Noise, University of Southampton Rep. No. 128, 1960.Google Scholar
77.Williams, J. E. FF. (1960). On Convected Turbulence and its Relation to Near Field Pressure, University of Southampton Rep. No. 109, 1960.Google Scholar
78.Westley, R. and Lilley, G. M. (1952). An investigation of the Noise Field from a Small Jet and Methods for its Reduction, College of Aeronautics Rep. No. 53, 1952.Google Scholar
79.Green, D. J. and Lilley, G. M. (1955). Preliminary Report on the Use of a Wide Angle Diffuser in Ground Mufflers of the Type Used for Silencing Jet Aircraft, College of Aeronautics Note No. 27,1955.Google Scholar
80.Lilley, G. M. (1958). On the Noise from Air Jets, A.R.C. Rep. 20,376, 1958. To be published in the R. & M. Series.Google Scholar
81.Lighthill, M. J. (1952-4). On Sound Generated Aerodynamically, Parts I and II, Proc. Roy. Soc., A 211, 564, No. 1107, 1952, and 222, 1, No. 1148, 1954.Google Scholar
82.Gerrard, J. H. (1956). An Investigation of the Noise Produced by a Subsonic Jet, Jour. Aero. Sci., 23, 855, 1956.Google Scholar
83.Proudman, I. (1952). The Generation of Noise by Isotropic Turbulence, Proc. Roy. Soc., A 214, 119, 1952.Google Scholar
84.Batchelor, G. K. (ed.) (1960). Taylor, G. I., Scientific Papers, two vols., Cambridge University Press, 1960.Google Scholar