Published online by Cambridge University Press: 04 July 2016
The approach and landing of a transport aircraft is a complex operation over which the pilot has only limited control. Although the efficiency of the crew and the serviceability of the aircraft and its systems are to a considerable extent within the command of the pilot, the standards of air traffic control, the availability of navigational aids and the runway length and lighting are beyond his immediate influence. Letdowns with imperfect air traffic control and limited precision aids, particularly if complicated by adverse meteorological conditions, lead to very high workloads which the pilot may find difficult to assimilate. Under these circumstances difficulties may arise during the approach and landing.