Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-dlnhk Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-29T02:05:32.740Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Guided wave propagation in composite laminates using piezoelectric wafer active sensors

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 January 2016

M. Gresil  and
V. Giurgiutiu
M. Gresil*
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
V. Giurgiutiu
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
*
[email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Piezoelectric wafer active sensors (PWAS) are lightweight and inexpensive transducers that enable a large class of structural health monitoring (SHM) applications such as: (a) embedded guided wave ultrasonics, i.e., pitch-catch, pulse-echo, phased arrays; (b) high-frequency modal sensing, i.e., electro-mechanical impedance method; and (c) passive detection. The focus of this paper is on the challenges posed by using PWAS transducers in the composite laminate structures as different from the metallic structures on which this methodology was initially developed. After a brief introduction, the paper reviews the PWAS-based SHM principles. It follows with a discussion of guided wave propagation in composites and PWAS tuning effects. Then, the mechanical effect is discussed on the integration of piezoelectric wafer inside the laminate using a compression after impact. Experiments were performed on a glass fibre laminate, employing PWAS to measure the attenuation coefficient. Finally, the paper presents some experimental and multi-physics finite element method (MP-FEM) results on guided wave propagation in composite laminate specimens.

Type
Research Article
Information
The Aeronautical Journal , Volume 117 , Issue 1196 , October 2013 , pp. 971 - 995
Copyright
Copyright © Royal Aeronautical Society 2013 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1. Lamb, H. On waves in an elastic plate, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London; Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, 1917, pp 114–128.Google Scholar
2. Viktorov, I.A. Rayleigh and Lamb waves – Physical theory and application, New York Plenum Press, 1967.Google Scholar
3. Auld, B.A. Acoustic Fields and Waves in Solids, John Wiley and Sons, New York, USA, 1973.Google Scholar
4. Achenbach, J.D. Lamb waves as thickness vibrations superimposed on a membrane carrier wave, J Acoust Soc Am, 1998, 5, (103), pp 2283–2286.Google Scholar
5. Achenbach, J.D. and Xu, Y. Use of elastodynamic reciprocity to analyze point-load generated axisymmetric waves in plate, Wave Motion, 1999, 30, (1), pp 57–67.Google Scholar
6. Hayashi, T. and Endoh, S. Calculation and visualization of Lamb wave motion, Ultrasonics, 2000, (38), pp 770–773.Google Scholar
7. Moreno, E., Acevedo, P. and Castillo, M. Pulse propagation in plate elements, European Journal of Mechanics A/Solids, 2003, (22), pp 283–294.Google Scholar
8. Rose, J.L. Ultrasonic Waves in Solid Media, Cambridge University: Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 1999.Google Scholar
9. Nayfeh, A.N. and Chimenti, D.E. Free wave propagation in plates of general anisotropic media, J Applied Mechanics, 1989, 56, pp 881–886.Google Scholar
10. Liand, Y. and Thomson, R.B. Influence of anisotropy on the dispersion characteristics of guided ultrasonic plates mode, J Acoust Soc Am, 1990, 87, (5), pp 1911–1931.Google Scholar
11. Nayfeh, A.D. Wave propagation in layered anisotropic media with applications to composite, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Elsevier, 1995.Google Scholar
12. Lowe, M.J.S. Matrix techniques for modeling ultrasonics waves in multilayered media, IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, 1995, 42, (4), pp 525–542.Google Scholar
13. Pierce, S.G. Culshaw, B. Philp, W.R. Lecuyer, F. and Farlow, R. Broadband Lamb wave measurements in aluminum and carbon: glass fibre reinforced composite materials using non contacting laser generation and detection, Ultrasonics, 1997, 58, pp 105–114.Google Scholar
14. Liu, T., Veidt, M. and Kitipornchai, S. Single mode Lamb waves in composite laminated plates generated by piezoelectric transducers, Composite Structures, 2002, 58, (3), pp 381–396.Google Scholar
15. Gresil, M. Contribution À L’étude Du Contrôle De Santé Intégré Associé À Une Protection Électromagnétique Pour Les Matériaux Composites, PhD dissertation, Department of electronic, Ecole Normale Superieure de Cachan-ENS Cachan, Cachan, 2009.Google Scholar
16. Blanquet, P. Etude De L’endommagement Des Matériaux Composites Aéronautiques À Partir Des Techniques Ultrasonores, PhD dissertation, Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut Cambrésis, 1997.Google Scholar
17. Lin, M. and Chang, F.K. The manufacture of composite structures with a built-in network of piezoceramics, Composites Science and Technology, 2002, 62, (7-8), pp 919–939.Google Scholar
18. Shi, Y. and Soutis, C. A finite element analysis of impact damage in composites laminates, Aeronaut J, 2012, 116, (1186), pp 1331–1346.Google Scholar
19. Giurgiutiu, V. Structural Health Monitoring With Piezoelectric Wafer Active Sensor, Elsevier Academic Press, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 2008.Google Scholar
20. Dieulesaint, E. and Royer, D. Ondes élastiques dans les solides: application au traitement de signal, Masson, 407 pages, 1974.Google Scholar
21. Zhang, Z.Y. and Richardson, M.O.W. Low velocity impact induced damage evaluation and its effect on the residual flexural properties of pultruded GRP composites, Composite Structures, 2007, 81, pp 195–201.Google Scholar
22. Pollock, P., Yu, L., Sutton, M.A., Guo, S., Majumdar, P. and Gresil, M. Full-Field Measurements for Determining Orthotropic Elastic Parameters of Woven Glass-Epoxy Composites Using Off-Axis Tensile Specimens, Experimental Techniques, 2012, doi: 10.1111/j.1747-1567.2012.00824.xGoogle Scholar
23. Meirovitch, L. Fundamentals of Vibration, McGraw Hill Publications, 2003.Google Scholar
24. Moveni, S. Finite Element Analysis, theory application with Ansys, New-Jersey, 2003.Google Scholar
25. ANSYS reference manual, 8.1, R, Ed., ed.: Canonsburg, PA: ANSYS, 2004.Google Scholar
26. Gresil, M., Yu, L., Giurgiutiu, V. and Sutton, M. Predictive modeling of electromechanical impedance spectroscopy for composite materials, Structural Health Monitoring, 2012, 11, (6), pp 671–683.Google Scholar
27. Castaings, M. and Hosten, B. The use of electrostatic, ultrasonic, air-coupled transducers to generate and receive Lamb waves in anisotropic, viscoelastic plates, Ultrasonics, 1998, 36, (1), pp 361–365.Google Scholar
28. Ramadas, C., Balasubramaniam, K., Hood, A., Joshi, M. and Krishnamurthy, C.V. Modelling of attenuation of Lamb waves using Rayleigh damping: Numerical and experimental studies, Composite Structures, 2011, 93, (8), pp 2020–2025.Google Scholar
39. Alleyne, D.N. and Cawley, P. A 2-dimensional Fourier transform method for the quantitative measurement of Lamb modes, IEEE Ultrasonics Symposium, 1990, pp 1143–1146.Google Scholar
30. Moser, F. Jacobs, L.J. and Qu, J. Modeling elastic wave propagation in waveguides with the finite element method, NDT & E International, 1999, 32, (4), pp 225–234.Google Scholar
31. ABAQUS, Analysis User’s Manual, 6-9.2 ed, 2008.Google Scholar
32. Gresil, M., Shen, Y. and Giurgiutiu, V. Predictive modeling of ultrasonics SHM with PWAS transducers, 8th International Workshop on Structural Health Monitoring, 2011, Stanford, California, USA.Google Scholar
33. Gresil, M., Shen, Y. and Giurgiutiu, V. Benchmark problems for predictive fem simulation of 1-D and 2-D guided waves for structural health monitoring with piezoelectric wafer active sensors, Review of Progress in Quantitative Non-destructive Evaluation, 2011, 1430, (1), pp 1835–1842.Google Scholar
34. Gresil, M. and Giurgiutiu, V. Guided wave propagation in carbon composite laminate using piezoelectric wafer active sensors’, Proc. of SPIE, 2013, 8695, (77).Google Scholar