Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-mlc7c Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-06T08:23:44.379Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The Aerodynamics of the Gas Turbine

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 July 2016

A. R. Howell
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

Aerodynamics is naturally associated with the external air flow past aircraft, but with the advent of the gas turbine it has also become of the greatest importance for the internal flow through such engines. The efficiency and bulk of the compressor and turbine components in gas turbines are largely an aerodynamic matter, and their design is determined by a knowledge of the lift coefficients, drag coefficients, Mach numbers, and so on that can be used. The same fundamental laws, if they were fully known, would apply to both internal and external flows, but there are at present considerable differences in practice between the data obtained, and the detail methods used, for the two categories of flow. This lecture attempts to cover in a general way the internal aerodynamic flow through gas turbines.

Type
Research Article
Information
The Aeronautical Journal , Volume 52 , Issue 450 , June 1948 , pp. 329 - 356
Copyright
Copyright © Royal Aeronautical Society 1948

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1. Roxbee Cox, H.. British aircraft gas turbines. Journal of the Aeronautical Sciences, Vol. 13, No. 2, Feb. 1946.Google Scholar
2. Constant, H.. The early history of the axial type of gas turbine engine. Proceedings of Inst, of Mech. Engineers, Vol. 153, 1945 Google Scholar
3. Whittle, F.. The early history of the Whittle jet propulsion gas turbine. Proceedings of Inst, of Mech. Engineers, Oct. 1945.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
4. Hooker, S. G.. High speed flight. Journal Roy. Soc. of Arts, Vol. XCIV, No. 4714, March 1946.Google Scholar
5. Roxbee Cox, H., Howell, A. R. and Smith, A. G.. The dependence of gas turbine economy on internal aerodynamic design. Fuel Economy Conference of the World Power Conference, The Hague, Sept., 1947. Section C.2, Paper No. 7.Google Scholar
6. Hooker, S. G.. The application of the gas turbine to aircraft propulsion. Journal Roy. Aero. Soc, Vol. 50, No. 425, May 1946.Google Scholar
7. Banks, F. R.. Power Units for future aircraft. Journal Roy. Aero. Soc, Jan., 1947.Google Scholar
8. Owner, F. M.. The propeller turbine aero engine. Aeronautical Conference, London, Sept. 1947, Roy. Aero. Soc, 1948.Google Scholar
9. Gibb, C. and Bowden, A. T.. The gas turbine with special reference to Industrial Applications. Journal Roy. Soc. of Arts, Vol. XCV, No. 4739, March 1947.Google Scholar
10. Meyer, A.. The combustion gas turbine: its history, development and prospects. Proceedings of Inst, of Mech. Engineers, Feb. 1939.Google Scholar
11. Seippel, C.. A further stage in the development of the combustion turbine. Brown Boveri Review, Vol. XXXIII, No. 10, Oct. 1946.Google Scholar
12. Keller, C.. The Escher Wyss-AK closed-cycle turbine. Its actual development and future prospects. Trans. A.S.M.E., Vol. 68, No. 8, Nov. 1946.Google Scholar
13. Harris, R. G. and Fairthorne, R. A.. Windtunnel experiments with infinite cascades of aerofoils. R. & M. 1206 (1928).Google Scholar
14. Christiani, K.. Experimentalle Untersuchung eines Tragflugelprofils bei Gitter-anordung. Luftfahrtforschung, Vol. 2, 1928.Google Scholar
15. Keller., C. Axialgebläse vom Standpunkt der Tragflügeltheori. Institut für Aerodynamik. Zurich (1934).Google Scholar
16. Shimoyana, Y.. Experiment on rows of aerofoils for retarded flow. Memoirs of the Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu Imperial University, Fukuoka, Japan, Vol. VIII, No. 4 (1938).Google Scholar
17. Howell, A. R.. The present basis of axial flow compressor design. Part I: Cascade Theory and performance. R & M. 2095 (1942).Google Scholar
18. Howell, A. R.. Fluid dynamics of axial compressors. Proceedings of Inst, of Mech. Engineers, Vol. 153, 1945.Google Scholar
19. Reeman, J.. The turbine for the simple jet propulsion engine. Proceedings of Inst, of Mech. Engineers, Vol. 153, 1945.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
20. Zweifel, O.. The spacing of turbo-machine blading, especially with large angular deflection. Brown Boveri Review, Vol. XXXII, No. 12, Dec 1945.Google Scholar
21. Howell, A. R. and Carter, A. D. S.. Fluid flow through cascades of aerofoils. Sixth International Congress for Applied Mechanics, Paris, Sept. 1946.Google Scholar
22. Todd, K. W.. Practical aspects of cascade wind tunnel research. Proceedings Inst, of Mech. Engineers, Jan. 1947.Google Scholar
23. Kawada, S.. A contribution to the theory of latticed wings. Proceedings Third International Congress for Applied Mechanics, Stockholm, 1930.Google Scholar
24. Weinig, F.. Die Strömung um die Schaufeln von Turbo-maschinen. Leipzig. I. A. Barth, 1935.Google Scholar
25. Merchant, W. and Collar, A. R.. Flow of an ideal fluid past a cascade of blades, Part II. R. & M. 1893 (1941).Google Scholar
26. Traupel, W.. Calcul de l'écoulement potential d'un fluide dans une grille d'aubes. Revue Technique Sulzer, No. 1, 1945 (also available from Sixth International Congress for Applied Mechanics, Paris, Sept. 1946).Google Scholar
27. de Haller, P.. Application of electrical analogy to the investigation of cascades. Sulzer Technical Review, No. 3/4, 1947.Google Scholar
28. Malavard, L.. The use of rheo-electrical analogies in certain aerodynamical problems. Journal Roy. Aero. Soc. No. 441, Vol. 51, Sept. 1947.Google Scholar
29. Weske, J. R. and Marble, F. E.. Characteristics of aerofoils in a cylindric axial-flow grid. Journal Aero. Sciences, Vol. 10, No. 8, Oct., 1943.Google Scholar
30. Smith., D. M. The development of an axial flow gas turbine for jet propulsion. Proceedings Inst, of Mech. Engineers, Jan. 1947.Google Scholar
31. Traupel, W.. Neue allgemeine Theorie der mehrstufigen axialen Turbo-maschinen. Leeman & Co., Zurich, 1942.Google Scholar
32. Gardiner, F. J.. Axial compressor theory and design. Sixth International Congress for Applied Mechanics, Paris, Sept. 1946.Google Scholar
33. Ponomareff., A. I. Principles of the axial-flow compressor. Westinghouse Engineer, Vol. 7, No. 2, March 1947.Google Scholar
34. Sinnette, J. T.. Increasing the range of axial flow compressors by use of adjustable stator blades. Journal Aero. Sciences, Vol. 14, No. 5, May 1947.Google Scholar
35. Betz, A.. Axial flow compressor Jahrbuck, Deutsche Luftfahrtforschung, p. II, 183, 1938.Google Scholar
36. Seippel, C.. The development of the Brown Boveri axial Compressor. Brown Boveri Review, p. 108, May 1940, Vol. XXVII, No. 5.Google Scholar
37. Ruden., P. Untersuchungen uber einstufige Axialgeblase. Luftfahrtforschung, July and Aug. 1937.Google Scholar
38. Sedille., M. Influence of radial clearance in compressors. Comptes Rendus, Feb. and June 1939, Vol. 208.Google Scholar
39. Bell, E. B.. Tests of a single-stage axial flow fan. N.A.C.A. Report No. 729 (1942).Google Scholar
40. Eckert, B.. Axialgeblase mit hoher Druckziffer. Jahrbuck, Deutsche Luftfahrtforschung, 1940.Google Scholar
41. Howell, A. R.. Design of axial compressors. Proceedings Inst, of Mech Engineers, Vol. 153, 1945.Google Scholar
42. Kearton, W. J.. Steam turbine theory and practice. 1931 (Sir Isaac Pitman & Sons Ltd., London).Google Scholar
43. Kearton, W. J.. Turbo-blowers and compressors. 1926 (Sir Isaac Pitman & Sons Ltd., London).Google Scholar
44. Cheshire, L. J.. The design and development of centrifugal compressors for aircraft gas turbines. Proceedings Inst, of Mech. Engineers, Vol. 153, 1945.Google Scholar
45. Moult, E. S.. The development of the Goblin engine. Journal Roy. Aero. Soc., Vol. 51, No. 440, Aug. 1947.Google Scholar
46. British Power Units. Flight, p. 267, 11th September 1947.Google Scholar
47. Smith, G. G.. Gas turbines and jet propulsion (4th Ed. 1946.) (Flight, Londen.)Google Scholar