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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 06 March 2019
Beginning in December 1968, Type K expansive cements of both the shrinkage-compensating and self-stressing types, particularly ChemStress (a self-stressing cement) have been tested, and examined by X-ray diffraction in the Concrete Laboratory of the U. S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station. They are interesting subjects for the study of mixtures by X-ray diffraction because they may contain as many as 14 identifiable phases, including most of the phases in portland cement. Their examination by X-ray diffraction is greatly assisted by chemical treatments, first with maleic acid in methanol, followed by treatment with ammonium chloride solution to remove the calcium sulfates and leave a residue that consists of tetracalcium trialuminate sulfate, quartz, corundum, and a few very minor substances which have proved to be unidentifiable.