Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-rdxmf Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-27T03:42:10.494Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

On-Stream Analysis of Liquid Samples Containing Elements of High and Low Atomic Number by X-Ray Fluorescence With Air and Vacuum Spectrograph

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 March 2019

Frank L . Chan
Frank L . Chan*
Affiliation:
Aerospace Research Laboratories Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio 45433
Get access

Abstract

Recently on-stream analysis by various methods and instruments has been greatly and rightfully emphasized. This is particularly true in such research as air and stream pollutions, desalting of ocean water and ore processing.

Among the various methods, instruments, and procedures adopted, the X-ray fluorescence method is perhaps the best among them. This is because the x-ray fluorescence method neither consumes nor destroys the samples taken for analysis. It also has the merits of simplicity and specificity. However, on-stream analysis of liquid samples containing elements having an atomic number below 20 by the X-ray fluorescence method is not an easy task particularly when vacuum spectrograph is being used.

In this study liquid cells of different dimensions for the on-stream analysis operated in air, helium and in vacuum have been successfully constructed. The cells have been tested for several months.

Type
Research Article
Information
Advances in X-Ray Analysis , Volume 13: Eighteenth Annual Conference on Applications of X-ray Analysis, August 6-8, 1969 , 1969 , pp. 105 - 124
Copyright
Copyright © International Centre for Diffraction Data 1969

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1. Willard, H. H., Merritt, L. L. Jr., and Dean, J. A., “In strumental Methods of Analysis,” 4th Edition, D. Van Nostrand Co., Inc., New York, 1965, p. 746–760.Google Scholar
2. General Electric X-ray Department, “Vacuum Liquid Sample Cells,” Report No. 1, Publication No, 7A-4022, 1965.Google Scholar
3. Chan, F. L., “Some Observations on the Use of Certain Analyzing Crystals for the Determination of Silicon and Aluminum,” in Mallet, G. R., Pay, Marie J. and Mueller, W. M., Editors, Advances in X-ray Analysis, Vol. 9, Plenum Press, New York, 1965, p. 515–527.Google Scholar
4. Chan, F. L., “A Study of Silicon Determination in Organosilicon Compounds by X-ray Fluorescence with Vacuum Spectrograph,” in Proceedings of the SAC Conference, Nottingham, 1965, Published by W. Heffer and Sons Ltd., Cambridge, England, p. 89–101.Google Scholar
5. Cullen, T. J., “X-ray Spectrometric Analysis of Solutions, A Comparison of Techniques,” Paper presented at the 20th Annual Mid-America Symposium on Spectroscopy, May 12-15, 1969, Chicago, 111.Google Scholar
6. Carter, H. V., “Simplified Mathematical Matrices for Solution Analyses,” Norelco Reporter, Vol. XIII, No. 2, 1966, p. 45–47.Google Scholar
7. Andermann, G. and Kemp, J. W., “Scattered X-rays as Internal Standards in X-ray Emission Spectroscopy,” Analytical Chemistry, Vol. 30, 1958, p. 1306–1309.Google Scholar
8. Birks, L. S., “X-ray Spectrochemical Analysis,” Interscience Publishers, Inc., New York, 1959, p. 79,Google Scholar
9. Chan, F. L., “An Apparatus for the Analysis of Liquid Samples by the X-ray Fluorescence Method with a Vacuum Spectrograph,” in Pearson, L. R. and Grove, E. L., Editors, Developments in Applied Spectroscopy, Vol. 5, Plenum Press, New York, 1966, p. 59–75.Google Scholar