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The Influence of Sample Self-Absorption on Wavelength Shifts and Shape Changes in the Soft X-Ray Region: The Rare-Earth M Series

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 March 2019

David W. Fischer  and
William L. Baun
David W. Fischer
Affiliation:
Air Force Materials Laboratory (MAYA) Wright-Patierson Air Force Base, Ohio
William L. Baun
Affiliation:
Air Force Materials Laboratory (MAYA) Wright-Patierson Air Force Base, Ohio
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Abstract

The Mα and Mβ emission spectra and the Mjv and My absorption spectra have been studied for the entire series of rare-earth elements. It is conclusively shown that the complicated multiplet structure observed in the emission spectra is not real emission structure but is, instead, produced by sample self-absorption. This is demonstrated by observing the emission spectra over wide variations in take-off angle and bombarding electron energies and finally by comparing the detailed structure of both the emission and absorption spectra. The MIV and MV absorption structure completely overlaps the Mα and Mβ emission lines, which are each found to have but one intensity maximum when obtained under conditions of minimum. self-absorption. Some of these spectra have never been shown previously, while others have been studied in detail by several investigators. Points of agreement and disagreement with previous work are mentioned, and the wavelengths of the emission lines and absorption edges are listed for all of the rare-earth elements. It is concluded that the 4f → 3d electron transitions are reversible in these elements.

Type
Research Article
Information
Advances in X-Ray Analysis , Volume 11: Sixteenth Annual Conference on Applications of X-ray Analysis, August 9-11, 1967 , 1967 , pp. 230 - 240
Copyright
Copyright © International Centre for Diffraction Data 1967

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