Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gvvz8 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-25T02:05:55.118Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Low-Temperature X-Ray Diffraction of Frozen Electrolytes

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 March 2019

H.J. Weltman
H.J. Weltman*
Affiliation:
Convair, Forth Worth, Texas
Get access

Abstract

A low-temperature X-ray diffraction apparatus has been constructed to study structure and structural changes of electrolytes in the frozen state. This apparatus, which is inexpensive and easy to construct, is an attachment to a standard wide-angle diffractometer. Diffraction patterns may be obtained of various types of materials at any temperature from room temperature to −196°C with a control of ±1°C. The diffraction patterns are recorded on a strip-chart recorder as they are being obtained. Thus, this diffractometer method has several advantages over the camera methods usually employed for low-temperature X-ray diffraction work. A unique sample-introduction method is described which ensures a polycrystalline material suitable for obtaining diffraction patterns. Such patterns are shown for various concentrations of salts in water at several low temperatures, phase transformations being in evidence.

Type
Research Article
Information
Advances in X-Ray Analysis , Volume 5: Tenth Annual Conference on Applications of X-ray Analysis, August 7-9, 1961 , 1961 , pp. 48 - 56
Copyright
Copyright © International Centre for Diffraction Data 1961

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1. Lonsdale, K. and Smith, H., J. Sci. Instr., Vol. 18, 1941, p. 133.Google Scholar
2. Tombs, N. C., J. Sci. Instr., Vol. 29, 1952, p. 364.Google Scholar
3. Barnes, W. H. and Hampton, W. F., Rev. Sci. Instr., Vol. 6, 1935, p. 342.Google Scholar
4. Hume-Rothery, W. and Straubridge, D., J. Sci, Instr., Vol. 24, 1947, p. 89.Google Scholar
5. Calhoun, B. A. and Abrahams, S. C., Rev. Sci. Instr., Vol. 24, 1953, p. 397.Google Scholar
6. Honjo, G., Kitamura, N., Shimaoka, K., and Mihama, K., J. Phy. Sci. Japan, Vol. 11, 1956, p. 527.Google Scholar
7. Dennison, D. K., Phys. Rev., Vol. 17, 1921, p. 20.Google Scholar
8. Podotsky, R. J., “The Structure of Water and Electrolyte Solutions,” Lecture and Review Series No, 60-5, Naval Medical Research Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, 21 March, 1960.Google Scholar