Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t7fkt Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-23T15:23:20.376Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Combined Small-Angle Neutron and X-Ray Scattering Studies of Polymers

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 March 2019

George D. Wignall*
Affiliation:
Solid State Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6393
Get access

Extract

Scattering technigues have been employed since the beginnings of polymer science to provide information on the spatial arrangements of macromolecules. The first measurements were made in the 1920s and were concerned primarily with the determination of crystal structures via the Bragg law

nλ = 2dsinθ.

Type
VII. Polymer Applications of XRD
Copyright
Copyright © International Centre for Diffraction Data 1992

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1. Flory, P. J., Principles of Polymer Chemistry, Cornell Press, p. 22 (1953).Google Scholar
2. Wignall, G. D., Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Engineering, ed. M. Grayson and J. Kroschwitz, Wiley and Sons, New York, 10, 112 (1978).Google Scholar
3. Turchin, V. E., Slow Neutrons, Israel Program for Scientific Translations, Jerusalem (1965).Google Scholar
4. Bacon, G. E., Neutron Diffraction. Clarendon Press, Oxford, England (1971).Google Scholar
5. Maconnachie, A., Polymer, 25, 1068 (1984).Google Scholar
6. Coyne, L. D. and Wu, W., polymer Commun., 30, 312 (1989).Google Scholar
7. Schelten, J., Kerntechik, 14, 86 (1972).Google Scholar
8. Ibel, K., J. Appl. Cryst., 9, 196 (1976).Google Scholar
9. Koehler, W. C., Physica, 137 B, 320, (1985).Google Scholar
10. Fischer, E. W., Wendorff, J. H., Dettenmaier, M., Lieser, G., and Voigt-Martin, I., Physical Structure of the Amorphous State, eds. G. Allen and S. E. B. Petrie, Marcel Dekker, 1977, p, 41.Google Scholar
11. Uhlman, D., Renninger, A. L., Kritchevsky, G., and Sander, Vander, Physical Structure of the Amorphous State, eds. G. Allen and S. E. B. Petrie, Marcel Dekker, 1977, p. 153.Google Scholar
12. Von Laue, M., Ann. Phys., 56, 497, (1913).Google Scholar
13. Hayashi, H., Hamada, F., and Nakajima, A., Macromolecules, 9, 543, (1976).Google Scholar
14. Flory, P. J., J. Chem. Phys., 17, 303, (1949); P. J. Flory, Principles of Polymer Chemistry. Cornell University Press, (1953), p. 426.Google Scholar
15. Koch, T. and Strohl, G. R., J. Polym. Sci., Polym. Phys. Ed., 28, 343 (1990) .Google Scholar
16. Zimm, B. H., J. Chem. Phys., 16, 157, (1948).Google Scholar
17. Hadziioannou, G. and Stein, R. S., Macromolecules, 17, 567, (1934); Macromolecules, 12, 1059, (1984).Google Scholar
18. Warner, M., Higgins, J. S., and Carter, A. J., Macromolecules, 16, 1931, (1983).Google Scholar
19. deGennes, P. G., Chapter 5 in Scaling Concepts in Polymer Physics. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, (1979).Google Scholar
20. Koberstein, J. T., J. Polym. Sci., Polym. Phys. Ed., 20, 593, (1982).Google Scholar
21. Wignall, G. D., Child, H. R., and Samuels, R. J., Polymer, 23, 957, (1982).Google Scholar
22. Fernandez, A. M., Sperling, L. H., and Wignall, G. D., Multicomponent Polymer Materials, ACS Advances in Chemistry Series 211, (1985).Google Scholar
23. Bates, F. S., Berney, C. V., Cohen, R. E., and Wignall, G. D., Polymer, 24, 519, (1983).Google Scholar
24. Debye, P. and Bueche, A. M., J. Appl. Phys., 20, 518 (1949); P. Debye, H. R. Anderson and H. Brumberger, J. Appl. Phys., 28, 679 (1957).Google Scholar
25. Blundell, D. J., Longman, G. W., Wignall, G. D., and Bowden, M., Polymer, 15, 33 (1974).Google Scholar
26. Lohse, D. J., Polym. Eng. sci., 26, 1500 (1986).Google Scholar
27. Russell, T. P., Ito, H., and Wignall, G. D., Macromolecules, 20, 2213 (1987); 21, 1703 (1988).Google Scholar
28. Lefebvre, J. M. R., Porter, S., and Wignall, G. D., Polym. Eng. Sci., 27, 433, (1987).Google Scholar
29. Brown, D. S., Warner, F. P. and Wetton, R. E., Polymer, 13, 575(1972).Google Scholar
30. Young, R. J., Al-Kudhairy, D. H. A. and Thomas, A. G., J. Mater. Sci., 21, 1211 (1986).Google Scholar
31. Deslandes, Y., Whitmore, M. D., Bluhm, T. L. and Hoskansson, A., J. Disp. Sci. and Tech., 9, 235 (1988).Google Scholar
32. Porod, G., Kolloid Z., 124, 83 (1951); 125, 51 (1952).Google Scholar
33. Wignall, G. D., Farrar, N. R. and Morris, S., J. Mater. Sci., 25, 69 (1990).Google Scholar
34. Russell, T. P., Lin, J. S., Spooner, S. and Wignall, G. D., J. Appl. Cryst., 21, 629 (1988).Google Scholar