Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-l7hp2 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-20T06:41:23.369Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Interventions for people with autism: recent advances

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 January 2018

Patricia Howlin
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Autism is a pervasive and life-long disorder that is characterised by profound deficits in communication and social understanding, together with ritualistic and obsessional behaviours and a general resistance to change. Although usually associated with additional cognitive impairments (approximately 50% of those affected have an IQ below 50) the condition can occur in individuals of all levels of ability, and around 20% of cases have an IQ within the normal range. Estimates of prevalence vary from 3.3 to 16.0 per 10 000 and rates may be even higher if children within the autistic wider spectrum are included (Wing, 1993, 1996). Understanding of causation is still limited, although genetic factors are now known to play a major role (Lord & Rutter, 1994).

Type
Research Article
Information
Advances in Psychiatric Treatment , Volume 3 , Issue 2 , March 1997 , pp. 94 - 102
Copyright
Copyright © The Royal College of Psychiatrists 1997 

References

Baron-Cohen, S. (1995) Mindblindness: An Essay on Autism and Theory of Mind. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar
Baron-Cohen, S., Cox, A., Baird, G. et al (1996) Psychological markers in the detection of autism in infancy in a large population. British Journal of Psychiatry, 168, 158–163.Google Scholar
Biklen, D. (1993) Communication Unbound: How Facilitated Communication is Challenging Traditional Views of Autism and Ability/Disability. New York: Teachers College Press.Google Scholar
Campbell, M. & Cueva, J. E. (1995) Psychopharmacology in child and adolescent psychiatry: a review of the past seven years. Part II. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 34, 1262–1272.Google Scholar
Campbell, M., Schopler, E., Cueva, J. E. et al (1996) Treatment of autistic disorder. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 35, 134–143.Google Scholar
Coleman, M. (1992) Pharmacological therapies. In Diagnosis and Treatment of Autism (ed. Gillberg, C.) pp. 257–270. New York: Plenum Press.Google Scholar
Durand, B. M. (1990) Severe Behavior Problems: A Functional Communication Approach. New York: Guilford Press.Google Scholar
Durand, B. M. & Carr, E. G. (1991) Functional communication training to reduce challenging behaviour: maintenance and application in new settings. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 24, 251–254.Google Scholar
Emerson, E. (1995) Challenging Behaviour: Analysis and Intervention. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Gould, G. A., Rigg, M. & Bignell, L. (1991) The Higashi Experience: The report of a Visit to the Boston Higashi School. London: National Autistic Society.Google Scholar
Grandin, T. & Scariano, M. (1986) Emergence Labelled Autistic. Tunbridge Wells: Costello.Google Scholar
Green, G. (1994) The quality of the evidence. In Facilitated Communication: The Clinical and Social Phenomenon (ed. Shane, H. C.) pp. 156–226. San Diego, CA: Singular Press.Google Scholar
Hadwin, J., Baron-Cohen, S., Howlin, P. et al (1996) Can a theory of mind be taught to children with autism? Development & Psychopathology, 8, 345–365.Google Scholar
Howlin, P. (1989) Changing approaches to communication training with autistic children. British Journal of Disorders of Communication, 24, 151–168.Google Scholar
Howlin, P. & Rutter, M. (1987) Treatment of Autistic Children. Chichester: Wiley.Google Scholar
Howlin, P. & Moore, A. (1997) Diagnosis in autism: a survey of over 1200 parents. Autism: International Journal of Research and Practice, in press.Google Scholar
Howlin, P., Baron-Cohen, S., Hadwin, J. et al (1997) Teaching Children with Autism to Mindread. A Practical Manual for Parents and Teachers. Chichester: Wiley.Google Scholar
Irlen, H. (1995) Viewing the world through rose tinted glasses. Communication, 29, 8–9.Google Scholar
Jolliffe, T., Landsdown, R. & Robinson, T. (1992) Autism: A Personal Account. London: National Autistic Society.Google Scholar
Jordan, R. & Powell, S. (1995) Understanding and Teaching Children with Autism. Chichester: Wiley.Google Scholar
Kanner, L. (1943) Autistic disturbances of affective contact. Nervous Child, 2, 217–250.Google Scholar
Kanner, L. (1973) Childhood Psychosis: Initial Studies and New Insights. New York: Winston/Wiley.Google Scholar
Kaufman, B. (1981) A Miracle to Believe In. New York: Doubleday.Google Scholar
Layton, T. L. & Watson, L. R. (1995) Enhancing communication in non-verbal children with autism. In Teaching Children with Autism: Strategies to Enhance Communication and Socialization (ed. Quill, K. A.) pp. 73–104. New York: Delmar.Google Scholar
Lewis, M. H. (1996) Psychopharmacology of autism spectrum disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 26, 231–236.Google Scholar
Lord, C. & Rutter, M. (1994) Autism and pervasive developmental disorders. In Child and Adolescent Psychiatry: Modern Approaches (3rd edn) (eds Rutter, M., Taylor, E. & Hersov, L.) pp. 569–593. Oxford: Blackwell.Google Scholar
McEachin, J. J., Smith, T. & Lovaas, O. I. (1993) Long-term outcome for children with autism who received early intensive behavioral treatment. American Journal of Mental Retardation, 97, 359–372.Google ScholarPubMed
Mesibov, G. B. (1984) Social skills training with verbal autistic adolescents and adults: a program model. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 14, 395–404.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ozonoff, S. & Miller, J. (1995) Teaching theory of mind: a new approach to social skills training for individuals with autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 25, 415–434.Google Scholar
Perry, R., Cohen, I. & DeCarlo, R. (1995) Case study: deterioration, autism and recovery in two siblings. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 34, 233–237.Google Scholar
Quill, K. A. (1995) Teaching Children with Autism: Strategies to Enhance Communication and Socialization. New York: Delmar.Google Scholar
Richer, J. & Zappella, M. (1989) Changing social behaviour: the place of holding. Communication, 23, 35–39.Google Scholar
Rimland, B. (1994a) Information pack on drug treatments for autism. Autism Research Review International. Information Pack P6. San Diego, CA: Autism Research Institute.Google Scholar
Rimland, B. (1994b) Information pack on vitamins, allergies and nutritional treatments for autism. Autism Research Review International, Information Pack P24. San Diego, CA: Autism Research Institute.Google Scholar
Ritvo, E. R., Freeman, B. J., Yuwiler, A. et al (1986) Fenfluramine treatment of autism: UCLA collaborative study of 81 patients at nine medical centres. Psychopharmacology Bulletin, 22, 133–140.Google Scholar
Rydell, P. J. & Prizant, B. M. (1995) Assessment and intervention for children who use echolalia. In Teaching Children with Autism: Strategies to Enhance Communication and Socialization (ed. Quill, K. A.) pp. 105–132. New York: Delmar.Google Scholar
Schuler, A. L., Peck, C. A., Willard, C. et al (1989) Assessment of communicative means and functions through interview: assessing the communicative capabilities of individuals with limited language. Seminars in Speech and Language, 10, 51–61.Google Scholar
Stehli, A. (1992) The Sound of a Miracle: A Child's Triumph over Autism. London: Fourth Estate.Google Scholar
Swettenham, J. (1996) Can children with autism be taught to understand false beliefs using computers? Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 36, 157–166.Google Scholar
Volkmar, F., Stier, D. & Cohen, D. (1985) Age of recognition of pervasive developmental disorders. American Journal of Psychiatry, 142, 1450–1452.Google Scholar
Welch, M. (1988) Holding Time. London: Century Hutchinson.Google Scholar
Williams, D. (1992) Nobody Nowhere. London: Corgi.Google Scholar
Williams, D. (1994) Somebody Somewhere. London: Corgi.Google Scholar
Williams, T. I. (1989) A social skills group for autistic children. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 19, 143–156.Google Scholar
Wing, L. (1993) The definition and prevalence of autism: a review. European Journal of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 2, 61–74.Google Scholar
Wing, L. (1996) Autistic spectrum disorders. British Medical Journal, 312, 327–328.Google Scholar
Submit a response

eLetters

No eLetters have been published for this article.