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Spatializing Social Network Analysis in the Late Precontact U.S. Southwest

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 January 2017

J. Brett Hill ,
Matthew A. Peeples ,
Deborah L. Huntley  and
H. Jane Carmack
J. Brett Hill
Affiliation:
Hendrix College, 1600 Washington, Conway AR 72032; and Archaeology Southwest, 300 North Ash Alley, Tucson, AZ 85701 ([email protected])
Matthew A. Peeples
Affiliation:
Archaeology Southwest, 300 North Ash Alley, Tucson, AZ 85701
Deborah L. Huntley
Affiliation:
Archaeology Southwest, 300 North Ash Alley, Tucson, AZ 85701
H. Jane Carmack
Affiliation:
University College London, London, England,
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Abstract

In this article we explore the relationship between spatial proximity and indices of social connectivity during the A.D. 1200–1450 interval in the United States (U.S.) Southwest. Using geographic information systems (GIS), we develop indices of spatial proximity based on the terrain-adjusted cost distance between sites in a regional settlement and material cultural database focused on the western U.S. Southwest. We evaluate the hypothesis that social interaction is a function of proximity and that interactions will be most intense among near neighbors. We find that this hypothesis is supported in some instances but that the correlation between proximity and interaction is highly variable in the context of late precontact social upheaval. Furthermore, we show important discrepancies between the Puebloan north and the Hohokam south that help to explain differences in community sustainability in the two regions.

En este articulo exploramos la relación entre la proximidad espacial y los índices de conectividad social durante el intervalo de 1250–1450 d.C. en el suroeste de los Estados Unidos. Usando Sistemas de Información Geográfica, desarrollamos índices de proximidad espacial basados en el costo ajustado de la distancia del terreno entre sitios, a partir de la base de datos Southwest Social Networks. Evaluamos la hipótesis que sugiere que, la interacción social es una función de proximidad y que las interacciones serán más intensas entre vecinos cercanos. Encontramos que esta hipótesis se sostiene en algunos casos pero que la correlación entre proximidad e interacción es altamente variable en el contexto de la revuelta social del pre-contacto tardío. Además, indicamos las discrepancias importantes existentes entre los Pueblo del norte y los Hohokam del sur, las cuales ayudan a explicar las diferencias en la sostenibilidad comunitaria entre las dos regiones.

Type
Research Article
Information
Advances in Archaeological Practice , Volume 3 , Issue 1 , February 2015 , pp. 63 - 77
Copyright
Copyright © Society for American Archaeology 2015

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