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Applications of Satellite Remote Sensing for Archaeological Survey: A Case Study from the Sinis Archaeological Project, Sardinia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 March 2020

Daniel Plekhov Open the ORCID record for Daniel Plekhov [Opens in a new window] ,
Linda R. Gosner Open the ORCID record for Linda R. Gosner [Opens in a new window] ,
Alexander J. Smith  and
Jessica Nowlin
Daniel Plekhov*
Affiliation:
Joukowsky Institute for Archaeology and the Ancient World, Brown University, 60 George St., Providence, RI02912, USA
Linda R. Gosner
Affiliation:
Department of Classical Studies and Society of Fellows, University of Michigan, 435 S. State Street, Ann Arbor, MI48109, USA
Alexander J. Smith
Affiliation:
Department of Anthropology, The College at Brockport - SUNY, 350 New Campus Drive, Brockport, NY14420, USA
Jessica Nowlin
Affiliation:
Department of Philosophy and Classics, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX78249, USA
*
([email protected], corresponding author)
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Abstract

Satellite imagery has long been recognized as well suited for the regional and ecological questions of many archaeological surveys. One underexplored aspect of such data is their temporal resolution. It is now possible for areas to be imaged on an almost daily basis, and this resolution offers new opportunities for studying landscapes through remote sensing in parallel with ground-based survey. This article explores the applications of these data for visibility assessment and land-cover change detection in the context of the Sinis Archaeological Project, a regional archaeological survey of west-central Sardinia. We employ imagery provided by Planet, which has a spatial resolution of 3 m, in four spectral bands, and is collected daily. Using Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) values calculated for each survey unit, we find that there is a relationship between NDVI values and field-reported visibility in general, though the strength of this correlation differs according to land-cover classes. We also find the data to be effective at tracking short-term changes in field conditions that allow us to differentiate fields of similar land cover and visibility. We consider limitations and potentials of these data and encourage further experimentation and development.

Las imágenes de satélite han sido reconocidas como herramientas adecuadas de las prospecciones arqueológicas para ayudar a contestar preguntas regionales y ecológicas. Un aspecto poco explorado de este tipo de datos es su resolución temporal. Hoy en día es posible recopilar imágenes de diferentes áreas diariamente y esta resolución ofrece nuevas oportunidades para estudiar el paisaje a través de sensores remotos junto con prospecciones pedestres. Este artículo explora las aplicaciones de estos datos para evaluar su visibilidad y la detección del cambio de la cubierta terrestre en el contexto del Sinis Archaeological Project, una prospección arqueológica regional del centro-oeste de Cerdeña. Se utilizaron imágenes proporcionadas por Planet, con una resolución espacial de 3 m, en cuatro bandas espectrales y recolectadas diariamente. Utilizando valores del Índice de Vegetación de Diferencia Normalizada (NDVI, por sus siglas en inglés) calculados para cada unidad de prospección, se encontró que hay una relación entre los valores de NDVI y la visibilidad del campo reportada en general. Sin embargo, la fuerza de esta correlación difiere de acuerdo con las clases de cobertura de suelo. Asimismo, se encontró que los datos fueron efectivos para rastrear los cambios a corto plazo en las condiciones del suelo que permitieron diferenciar campos con cubierta de suelo y visibilidad similar. Se consideran las limitaciones y potenciales de estos datos y se promueve futuros desarrollos y experimentaciones.

Keywords

archaeological surveyvisibilityNDVIhigh temporal resolutionremote sensingprospección arqueológicavisibilidadNDVIalta resolución temporalsensores remotos
Type
Articles
Information
Advances in Archaeological Practice , Volume 8 , Issue 2 , May 2020 , pp. 192 - 205
Copyright
Copyright 2020 © Society for American Archaeology

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