Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-vdxz6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-22T06:35:57.668Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Immunological aspects of bipolar disorder

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 September 2015

R.W. Kupka*
Affiliation:
Altrecht Institute for Mental Health Care, Utrecht, The Netherlands Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands Stanley Foundation Bipolar Network
M.H.J. Hillegers
Affiliation:
Altrecht Institute for Mental Health Care, Utrecht, The Netherlands
W.A. Nolen
Affiliation:
Altrecht Institute for Mental Health Care, Utrecht, The Netherlands Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands Stanley Foundation Bipolar Network
N. Breunis
Affiliation:
Department of Immunology, Erasmus University Rotterdam, The Netherlands
H.A. Drexhage
Affiliation:
Department of Immunology, Erasmus University Rotterdam, The Netherlands
*
Altrecht Institute for Mental Health Care, Vrouwjuttenhof 18, 3512 PZ Utrecht, The Netherlands E-mail [email protected]

Abstract

Introduction: Significant changes in immune function have been found in mood disorders. Controlled studies in bipolar disorder concerning cell-mediated immunity and thyroid autoimmunity are reviewed, and presented together with preliminary findings from our own ongoing study.

Method: Using Medline and other sources, 14 controlled studies as well as some other relevant studies were found.

Results: Bipolar disorder is associated with an acute phase response and activation of the cell-mediated immune system, and with an increased prevalence of antithyroid autoantibodies.

Conclusion: Changes in immune function, in connection with neuroendocrine changes, may provide new hypotheses for the pathophysiology of mood disorders.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Scandinavian College of Neuropsychopharmacology 2000

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1.Dunn, AJ. Interactions between the nervous system and the immune system. In: Bloom, FE. Kupfer, DJ (eds.). Psychopharmacology: The Fourth Generation of Progress. New York. Raven Press, 1995, pp 719731.Google Scholar
2.Hart, BL. Biological basis of the behavior of sick animals. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 1988:12:123137.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
3.Connor, TJ. Leonard, BE. Depression, stress and immunological activation: the role of cytokines in depressive disorders. Life Sci 1998:62:583606.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
4.Maes, M. The immune pathophysiology of major depression. In Honig, A, van Praag, HM. (eds.). Depression: Neurobiological. Psychopathological and Therapeutic Advances. London. John Wilev & Sons. 1997. pp 197215.Google Scholar
5.Kronfol, Z. House, JD. Immune function in mania. Biol Psychiatry 1988:24:341343.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
6.Rapaport, MH. Immune parameters in cuthymic bipolar patients and normal volunteers. J Affect Disord 1994:32:149156.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
7.Maes, M. Bosnians, E. Calabrese, J. et al.Interlcukin-2 and interleu-kin-6 in schizophrenia and mania: effects of neuroleptics and mood stabilizers. J Psychiatr Res 1995:29:141152.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
8.Maes, M. Delange, J. Ranjan, R, et al.Acute phase proteins in schizophrenia, mania and major depression: modulation by psychotropic drugs. Psychiatr Res 1997:66:111.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
9.Hornig, M. Goodman, DBP. Kamoun, M. Amsterdam, JD. Positive and negative acute phase proteins in affective subtypes. J Affect Disord 1998:49:918.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
10.Sourlingas, TG. Issidorides, MR. Havaki, S. et al.Peripheral blood lymphocytes of bipolar affective patients have a histone synthetic profile indicative of an active cell state. Progr Neuro-Psychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 1998:22:8196.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
11.Rapaport, MH. Guylai, L. Whybrow, PC. Immune parameters in rapid cycling bipolar patients before and after lithium treatment. J Psychiatric Res 1999:33:335340.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
12.Tsai, S. Chen, K. Yang, et al.Activation of indices of cell-mediated immunity in bipolar mania. Biol Psychiatry 1999;45:989994.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
13.Hendrick, V. Altshuler, L. Whybrow, P. Psychoneuroendocrinology of mood disorders. The hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis. Psychiatr Clin North Am 1998:21:277292.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
14.Kleiner, J. Altshuler, L. Hendrick, V. Hershman, JM. Lithium-induced subclinical hypothyroidism: review of the literature and guidelines for treatment. J Clin Psychiatry 1999; 60:249255.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
15.Myers, DH. Carter, RA. Burns, BH. et al.A prospective study of the effects of lithium on thyroid function and on the prevalence of antithyroid antibodies. Psychol Med 1985:15:5561.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
16.Wilson, R. McKillop, JH. Crocket, GT.et al.The effect of lithium therapy on parameters thought to be involved in the development of autoimmune thyroid disease. Clin Endocrinol 1991:34:357361.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
17.Haggerty, JJ Jr, Evans, DL. Golden, RNet al.The presence of antithyroid anticodies in patiens with affective and non-affective psychiatric disorders. Biol Psychiatry 1990:27:5160.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
18.Haggerty, JJ Jr.Silva, SG. Marquardt, Met al.Prevalence of antithyroid antibodies in mood disorders. Depress Anxiety 1997:5:9196.3.0.CO;2-8>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
19.Bartalcna, L. Pellegrini, L. Meschi, M, et al.Evaluation of thyroid function in patients with rapid-cycling and non-rapid-cycling bipolar disorder. Psychiatr Res 1990:34:1317.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
20.Hornig, M. Amsterdam, JD. Kamoun, Met al.Autoantibody disturbances in affective disorders: a function of age and gender? J Affect Disord 1999:55:2937.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
21.Bochetta, A. Bernardi, F. Pedditzi, Met al.Thyroid abnormalities during lithium treatment. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1991:83:193198.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
22.Bocchetta, A. Bemardi, F. Burrai, Cet al.The course of thyroid abnormalities during lithium treatment: a two-year follow-up study. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1992:86:3841.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
23.Bochetta, A. Cherchi, A, Lovisclli, Aet al.Six-year follow-up of thyroid function during lithium treatment. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1996:94:4548.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
24.Bochetta, A. Ardau, R. Burrai, Cet al.Ten-year follow-up of lithium patients with special reference to thyroid function. Poster abstract. Bipolar Disord 1999:1 (suppl 1):25.Google Scholar
25.Oomen, HAPC. Schipperijn, AJM. Drexhage, HA. The prevalence of affective disorder and in particular of a rapid cycling of bipolar disorder in patients with abnormal thvroid function tests. Clin Endocrinol 1996:45:215223.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
26.Lieb, J. Lithium and immune function. Med Hypoth 1987:23:7393.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
27.Rvbakowski, JK. The effect of lithium on the immune system. Hum Psychopharmacol Clin Exp 1999:14:345353.3.0.CO;2-T>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
28.Macs, M, Song, C. Lin, A. et al.In vitro immunorcgulatory effects of lithium in healthy volunteers. Psychopharmacol 1999:143:401407.Google Scholar
29.Haack, M. Hinze-Selch, D. Fenzel, T. et al.Plasma levels of cytokines and soluble cytokine receptors in psychiatric patients upon hospital admission: effects of confounding factors and diagnosis. J Psychiatr Res 1999:33:407418.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed