Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-jn8rn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-31T22:44:55.289Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Are obstetric complications related to adult schizophrenia? A case-control study

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 June 2014

Mario Amore ,
Francesco Pisani ,
Chiara Balista ,
Marco Sarchiapone  and
Robin McCreadie
Mario Amore
Affiliation:
Institute of Psychiatry, University of Parma, Italy
Francesco Pisani*
Affiliation:
Child Neuropsychiatric Unit, University of Parma, Italy
Chiara Balista
Affiliation:
Institute of Psychiatry, University of Parma, Italy
Marco Sarchiapone
Affiliation:
Department of Health Sciences, University of Molise, Italy
Robin McCreadie
Affiliation:
Department of Clinical Research, Crichton Royal Hospital, Dumfries, Scotland, UK
*
Dr Francesco Pisani, Developmental Neuropsychiatric Unit, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43100 Parma, Italy. Tel: +39 0521 702750; Fax: +39 0521 290458; E-mail: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Background:

Early environmental events may be relevant to the etiology of schizophrenia. Among such events, interest has focused especially on obstetric complications (OCs).

Objective:

Aims of the study were to compare the incidence of OCs in patients, siblings and normal controls and to examine the relationship between OCs and later schizophrenia.

Method:

One hundred and thirteen patients with schizophrenia were recruited, as were 140 patients’ siblings and 113 controls without schizophrenia. The OCs history of patients, their sibs and controls was obtained through interviews with patients’ and controls’ mothers.

Results:

The results highlighted that more patients than sibs had at least one definite OC and a higher mean number of OCs; more patients had premature rupture of membranes, threatened abortion and a labor of more than 36 h.

Conclusions:

Our data provide some evidence for a link between OCs and later schizophrenia. Furthermore, this study highlights how OCs, which may cause fetal distress through a hypoxic-ischemic mechanism, could increase the risk of schizophrenia interacting with genetic susceptibility.

Keywords

low birth-weightmental diseaseneurodevelopmentobstetric complicationspremature rupture of membranespreterm newbornspsychosisthreatened abortion
Type
Research Article
Information
Acta Neuropsychiatrica , Volume 19 , Issue 6 , December 2007 , pp. 338 - 343
Copyright
Copyright © 2007 Blackwell Munksgaard

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Verdoux, H, Geddes, JR, Takei, Net al. Obstetric complications and age at onset in schizophrenia: an international collaborative meta-analysis of individual patient data. Am J Psychiatry 1997;154:1220–1227. Google ScholarPubMed
Geddes, JR, Verdoux, H, Takei, Net al. Schizophrenia and complications of pregnancy and labor: an individual patient data meta-analysis. Schizophr Bull 1999;25:413–423. CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hultman, CM, Sparen, P, Takei, N, Murray, RM, Cnattingius, S. Prenatal and perinatal risk factors for schizophrenia, affective psychosis, and reactive psychosis of early onset: a case-control study. BMJ 1999;318:421–426. CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dalman, C, Thomas, HV, David, AS, Gentz, J, Lewis, G, Allebeck, P. Signs of asphyxia at birth and risk of schizophrenia: a population-based case-control study. Br J Psychiatry 2001;179:415–416. CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dalman, C, Allebeck, P, Cullberg, J, Grunewald, C, Koster, M. Obstetric complications and the risk of schizophrenia. A longitudinal study of a national birth cohort. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1999;56:234–240. CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jones, PB, Rantakallio, P, Hartikainen, AL, Isohanni, M, Sipila, P. Schizophrenia as a long-term outcome of pregnancy, delivery, and perinatal complications: a 28-year follow-up of the 1966 North Finland General Population birth cohort. Am J Psychiatry 1998;155:355–364. CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cannon, M, Jones, PB, Murray, RM. Obstetric complications and schizophrenia: historical and meta-analytic review. Am J Psychiatry 2002;159:1080–1092. CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Geddes, JR, Lawrie, SM. Obstetric complications and schizophrenia: a meta-analysis. Br J Psychiatry 1995;67:786–793. CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Parnas, J, Schulsinger, F, Teasdale, TW, Schulsinger, H, Feldman, PM, Mednick, SA. Perinatal complications and clinical outcome within the schizophrenia spectrum. Br J Psychiatry 1982;140:416–420. CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
McCreadie, RG, Hall, DJ, Berry, IJ, Robertson, LJ, Ewing, JI, Geals, MF. The Nithsdale schizophrenia surveys, X: obstetric complications, family history, and abnormal movements. Br J Psychiatry 1992;160:799–805. CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Done, DJ, Johnstone, EC, Frith, DC, Golding, J, Shepherd, PM, Crow, TJ. Complications of pregnancy and delivery in relation to psychosis in adult life: data from the British perinatal mortality survey sample. BMJ 1991;302:1576–1580. CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rosanoff, AJ, Handy, LM, Plesset, IR, Brush, S. The etiology of so called schizophrenic psychoses: with special reference to their occurrence in twins. Am J Psychiatry 1934;91:247–286. CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sacker, A, Done, DJ, Crow, TJ. Obstetric complications in children born to parents with schizophrenia: a meta-analysis of case-control studies. Psychol Med 1996;26:279–287. CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rifkin, L, Lewis, S, Jones, P, Toone, B, Murray, R. Low birth weight and schizophrenia. Br J Psychiatry 1994;165:357–362. CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kendell, RE, McInneny, K, Juszczak, E, Bain, M. Obstetric complications and schizophrenia: two case-control studies based on structured obstetric records. Br J Psychiatry 2000;174:516–522. CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Byrne, M, Browne, R, Mulryan, Net al. Labour and delivery complications and schizophrenia: case-control study using contemporaneous labour ward records. Br J Psychiatry 2000;176:531–536. CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ichiki, M, Kunugi, H, Takei, Net al. Intra-uterine physical growth in schizophrenia: evidence confirming excess of premature birth. Psychol Med 2000;30:597–604. CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Huttunen, MO, Machon, RA, Mednick, SA. Prenatal factors in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. Br J Psychiatry Suppl 1994;23:15–19. CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zornberg, GL, Buka, SL, Tsuang, MT. The problem of obstetrical complications and schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 2000;26:249–256. CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ellman, LM, Tyrone, D. Interaction of genetic predisposition and intrauterine events in the etiology of schizophrenia. In: Sharma, T, Harvey, PD, eds. The early course of schizophrenia. New York: Oxford University Press, 2006:19–39. CrossRefGoogle Scholar
First, MB, Spitzer, RL, Gibbon, M, Williams, JBW. Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID-I) – Clinician Version. Washington: American Psychiatric Press, 1997. Google Scholar
Lewis, SW, Owen, MJ, Murray, RM. Obstetric complications and schizophrenia: methodology and mechanisms. In: Schultz, SC, Tamminga, CA, eds. Schizophrenia: scientific progress. New York: Oxford University Press, 1989:56–58. Google Scholar
Kay, SR, Fiszbein, A, Opler, LA. The positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) for schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 1987;13:261–276. CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hasmer, DW, Lemeshow, S. Applied logistic regression. New York: John Wiley, 1989. Google Scholar
SPSS Professional Statistics, Version 6.1. Chicago, IL: SPSS Inc., 1994. Google Scholar
Pollack, M, Woerner, MG. Pre- and Perinatal Complications and “childhood schizophrenia”: a comparison of five controlled studies. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 1966;7:235–242. CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
McNeil, TF. Perinatal risk factors and schizophrenia: selective review and methodological concerns. Epidemiol Rev 1995;17:107–112. CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
O’Callaghan, E, Gibson, T, Colohan, HAet al. Risk of schizophrenia in adults born after obstetric complications and their association with early onset of illness: a controlled study. BMJ 1992;305:1256–1259. CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cannon, TD. Abnormalities of brain structure and function in schizophrenia: implications for aetiology and pathophysiology. Ann Med 1996;28:533–539. CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hultman, CM, Ohman, A, Cnattingius, S, Wieselgren, IM, Lindstrom, LH. Prenatal and neonatal risk factors for schizophrenia. Br J Psychiatry 1997;170:128–133. CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Waddington, JL. Schizophrenia: developmental neuroscience and pathobiology. Lancet 1993;341:531–536. CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Suddath, RL, Christison, GW, Torrey, EF, Casanova, MF, Weinberger, DR. Anatomical abnormalities in the brains of monozygotic twins discordant for schizophrenia. N Engl J Med 1990;322:789–794. CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Green, MF, Satz, P, Gaier, DJ, Ganzell, S, Kharabi, F. Minor physical anomalies in schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bull 1989;15:91–99. CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Brown, AS, Susser, ES, Butler, PD, Richardson Andrews, R, Kaufmann, CA, Gorman, JM. Neurobiological plausibility of prenatal nutritional deprivation as a risk factor for schizophrenia. J Nerv Ment Dis 1996;184:71–85. CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
McNeil, TF, Kaij, L. Obstetric factors in the development of schizophrenia: complications in the births of preschizophrenics and in the reproduction by schizophrenic parents. In: Wynne, LC, ed. The nature of schizophrenia. New York: John Wiley, 1978: 401–429. Google Scholar
Kendell, RE, Juszcak, E, Cole, SK. Obstetric complications and schizophrenia: a case control study based on standardised obstetric records. Br J Psychiatry 1996;168:556–561. CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Eagles, JM, Gibson, I, Bremner, MH, Clunie, F, Ebmeier, KP, Smith, NC. Obstetric complications in DSM-III schizophrenics and their siblings. Lancet 1990;12:1139–1141. CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gunther-Genta, F, Bovet, P, Hohlfeld, P. Obstetric complications and schizophrenia. A case-control study. Br J Psychiatry 1994;164:165–170. CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Volpe, JJ. Neurology of the newborn, 4th edn. Philadelphia: WB Saunders, 2001. Google Scholar
Torrey, EF. Birth weights, perinatal insults, and HLA types: return to “original sin”. Schizophr Bull 1997;3:347–351. CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lane, E, Albee, GW. Comparative birth weights of schizophrenics and their siblings. J Psychol 1966;64:227–231. CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stefanis, N, Frangou, S, Yakeley, Jet al. Hippocampal volume reduction in schizophrenia: effects of genetic risk and pregnancy and birth complications. Biol Psychiatry 1999;46:697–702. CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Matsumoto, H, Simmons, A, Williams, S, Pipe, R, Murray, R, Frangou, S. Structural magnetic imaging of the hippocampus in early onset schizophrenia. Biol Psychiatry 2001;49:824–831. CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Phillips, LJ, Velakoulis, D, Pantelis, Cet al. Non-reduction in hippocampal volume is associated with higher risk of psychosis. Schizophr Res 2002;58:145–158. CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mednick, SA. Breakdown in individual at high risk for schizophrenia: possible predispositional perinatal factors. Ment Hyg 1970;54:50–63. Google Scholar
Moldin, SO, Gottesman, II. Genes, experience and chance in schizophrenia positioning for the 21st century. Schizophr Bull 1997;23:457–561. CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Buka, SL, Tsuang, MT, Lipsitt, LP. Pregnancy/delivery complications and psychiatric diagnosis. A prospective study. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1993;50:151–156. CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Thomas, HV, Dalman, C, David, AS, Gentz, J, Lewis, G, Allebeck, P. Obstetric complications and risk of schizophrenia. Effect of gender, age at diagnosis and maternal history of psychosis. Br J Psychiatry 2001;179:409–414. CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Walshe, M, McDonald, C, Taylor, Met al. Obstetric complications in patients with schizophrenia and their unaffected siblings. Eur Psychiatry 2005;20:28–34. CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cannon, TD, Rosso, IM, Hollister, JM, Bearden, CE, Sanchez, LE, Hadley, T. A prospective cohort study of genetic and perinatal influences in the etiology of schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 2000;26:351–366. CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Russo, IM, Cannon, TD, Huttunen, T, Huttunen, MO, Lonnqvist, J, Gasperoni, TL. Obstetric risk factors for early onset schizophrenia in a Finnish birth cohort. Am J Psychiatry 2000;157:801–807. CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cannon, TD, Mednick, SA, Parnas, J, Schulsinger, F, Praestholm, J, Vestergaard, A. Developmental brain abnormalities in the off-spring of schizophrenic mothers, I: contribution of genetic and perinatal factors. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1993;50:551–564. CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McNeil, TF, Cantor-Graae, E, Weinberger, DR. Relationship of obstetric complications and differences in size of brain structures in monozygotic twin pairs discordant for schizophrenia. Am J Psychiatry 2000;157:203–212. CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cantor-Graae, E, Cardenal, S, Ismail, B, McNeil, TF. Recall of obstetric events by mothers of schizophrenic patients. Psychol Med 1988;28:1239–1243. CrossRefGoogle Scholar
O’Callaghan, E, Larkin, C, Waddington, JL. Obstetric complications in schizophrenia and the validity of maternal recall. Psychol Med 1990;20:89–94. CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tomeo, CA, Field, AE, Berkey, CS, Colditz, GA, Frazier, AL. Reproducibility and validity of maternal recall of pregnancy-related events. Epidemiology 1999;10:774–777. CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed