Skip to main content Accessibility help

We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.

Close cookie message
×
Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gxg78 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-31T13:41:49.611Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
Series:   Elements in World Englishes

Posthumanist World Englishes

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 April 2021

Lionel Wee
Lionel Wee
Affiliation:
National University of Singapore

Summary

A posthumanist approach problematizes the separateness and centrality of humans in understanding the world around us. Posthumanism does not deny the role of humans but questions the assumption that it is human activity and agency that should be given pride of place in any analysis of social activity. This carries important and interesting implications for the study of World Englishes, some of which are explored in this Element. Sections 3 and 4, respectively, explore posthumanism in relation to two specific topics in World Englishes, creativity and language policy. These topics have been chosen because they allow us to see the contributions that posthumanism can make to a micro-level (creativity) as well as macro-level (language policy) topic.
Get access

Keywords

agencyassemblagecreativityglobal Englishmobile policy
Type
Element
Information
Series: Elements in World Englishes
Online ISBN: 9781108990615
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication: 13 May 2021

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Ahearn, L. (2001). Agency. In Duranti, Alessandro, ed., Key Terms in Language and Culture. Oxford: Blackwell, pp. 7–10.Google Scholar
Bakhtin, M. (1981). The Dialogic Imagination. Translated by Emerson, C. and Holquist, M.. Austin: University of Texas Press.Google Scholar
Barad, K. (2007). Meeting the Universe Halfway: Quantum Physics and the Entanglement of Matter and Meaning. Durham: Duke University Press.Google Scholar
Bates, E. and MacWhinney, B. (1987). Competition, Variation and Language Learning. In MacWhinney, B., ed., Mechanisms of Language Acquisition. Hillsdale: Lawrence Erlbaum, pp. 157–93.Google Scholar
Bauman, R. (1996). Transformations of the Word in the Production of Mexican Festival Drama. In Silverstein, M. and Urban, G., eds., Natural Histories of Discourse. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, pp. 301–27.Google Scholar
Bennett, J. (2010). Vibrant Matter: A Political Ecology of Things. Durham: Duke University Press.Google Scholar
Blommaert, J. (2005). Discourse: A Critical Introduction. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Blommaert, J. (2010). The Sociolinguistics of Globalization. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Blommaert, J. (2016). From Mobility to Complexity in Sociolinguistic Theory and Method. In Coupland, N., ed., Sociolinguistics: Theoretical debates. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 242–59.Google Scholar
Blommaert, J. and Rampton, B. (2016). Language and Superdiversity. In Arnaut, K., Blommaert, J., Rampton, B. and Spotti, M., eds., Language and Superdiversity. New York: Routledge, pp. 21–48.Google Scholar
Bonta, M. and Protevi, J. (2004). Deleuze and Geophilosophy: A Guide and Glossary. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.Google Scholar
Bourdieu, P. (1977). Outline of a Theory of Practice. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Buschfeld, S. and Kautzsch, A. (2017). Towards an Integrated Approach to Postcolonial and Non-Postcolonial Englishes. World Englishes, 36(1), 104–26.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cheung, H. (2012). Academic Perspectives from Taiwan. In Byram, M. and Parmenter, L., eds., The Common European Framework of Reference: The globalisation of language education policy. Bristol: Multilingual Matters, pp. 224–30.Google Scholar
Conquergood, D. (1997). Street Literacy. In Flood, J., Brice Heath, S. and Lapp, D., eds., Handbook of Research on Teaching Literacy through the Communicative and Visual Arts. New York: Simon & Schuster, pp. 354–75.Google Scholar
Corti, K. and Gillespie, A. (2015). Revisiting Milgram’s Cyranoid Method: Experimenting with hybrid human agents. Journal of Social Psychology, 155(1), 30–56.Google Scholar
Coupland, N. (2007). Style. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Coupland, N. and Jaworski, A. (2004). Sociolinguistic Perspectives on Metalanguage. In Jaworski, A., Coupland, N. and Galasinksi, D., eds., Metalanguage: Social and ideological perspectives. Berlin: Mouton.Google Scholar
Crowley, T. (1999). Curiouser and Curiouser: Falling Standards in the Standard English Debate. In Bex, T. and Watts, R. J., eds., Standard English. The Widening Debate. London: Routledge, pp. 271–82.Google Scholar
De Costa, P., Park, J. and Wee, L. (2019). Linguistic Entrepreneurship as Affective Regime: Organizations, audit culture, and second/foreign language education policy. Language Policy, 18, 387–406.Google Scholar
DeLanda, M. (2006). A New Philosophy of Society: Assemblage Theory and Social Complexity. London: Continuum.Google Scholar
Deleuze, G. and Guattari, F. (1987). A Thousand Plateaus. Translated by Massumi, B.. London: Athlone Press.Google Scholar
Deleuze, G. and Parnet, C. (2002) [1977] Dialogues II. Translated by Tomlinson, H. and Habberjam, B.. New York: Continuum.Google Scholar
Durkheim, E. (1933). Division of Labor in Society. New York: Macmillan.Google Scholar
Eckert, P. (2008). Variation and the Indexical Field. Journal of Sociolinguistics, 12, 453–76.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eckert, P. (2012). Three Waves of Variation Study: The emergence of meaning in the study of sociolinguistic variation. Annual Review of Anthropology, 41, 87–100.Google Scholar
Edwards, J. (2012). Multilingualism: Understanding Linguistic Diversity. London: Continuum.Google Scholar
Estrada, Z. (2018). Mercedes uses its new car to launch yet another voice assistant. The Verge. 10 January 2018, www.theverge.com/2018/1/10/16872494/mercedes-voice-assistant-infotainment-ux-ces-2018; accessed 27 September 2019.Google Scholar
Faist, T. (2000). The Volume and Dynamics of International Migration and Transnational Social Spaces. Oxford: Oxford Scholarship Online.Google Scholar
Farías, I. (2010). Introduction: Decentring the Object of Urban Studies. In Farías, I. and Bender, T., eds., Urban Assemblages: How actor-network theory changes urban studies. New York: Routledge, pp. 1–24.Google Scholar
Fillmore, C. J., Kay, P. and O’Connor, M. C. (1988). Regularity and Idiomaticity in Grammatical Constructions. Language, 64, 501–38.Google Scholar
Foucault, M. (1977). The Political Function of the Intellectual. Radical Philosophy, 17, 12–14.Google Scholar
Galeon, D. (2017). Our computers are learning how to code themselves. 24 February 2017. Futurism, https://futurism.com/4-our-computers-are-learning-how-to-code-themselves; accessed 13 September 2019.Google Scholar
Gibson, J. J. (1966). The Senses Considered as Perceptual Systems. London: Allen & Unwin.Google Scholar
Gibson, J. J. (1979). The Ecological Approach to Visual Perception. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt.Google Scholar
Giddens, A. (1984). The Constitution of Society. Cambridge: Polity Press.Google Scholar
Giddens, A. (1990). The Consequences of Modernity, Cambridge: Polity Press.Google Scholar
Giddens, A. (2002). Runaway World: How Globalization is Reshaping Our Lives, 2nd ed. London: Profile Books.Google Scholar
Goffman, E. (1956). The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life. New York: Doubleday.Google Scholar
Goldberg, A. (2005). Constructions at Work. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Hagens, S. A. (2005). Attitudes Toward Konglish of South Korean Teachers of English in the Province of Jeollanamdo. Dissertation. Brock University, Canada.Google Scholar
Haggerty, K. D. and Ericson, R. V. (2000). The Surveillant Assemblage. British Journal of Sociology, 51(4), 605–22.Google Scholar
Haraway, D. (1991). Simians, Cyborgs and Women. London: Free Association Books.Google Scholar
Haraway, D. (2016). A Cyborg Manifesto. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.Google Scholar
Hawkins, R. (2001). Second Language Syntax: A Generative Introduction. Oxford: Blackwell.Google Scholar
Hazard, S. (2013). The Material Turn in the Study of Religion. Religion and Society, 4, 58–78.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Heller, M. (2008). Language and the Nation-State: Challenges to sociolinguistic theory. Journal of Sociolinguistics, 12(4), 504–24.Google Scholar
Herschensohn, J. (2000). The Second Time Around: Minimalism and Second Language Acquisition. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Google Scholar
Hilles, S. (1987). Interlanguage and Pro-Drop Parameter. Second Language Research, 3(1), 33–52.Google Scholar
Hoffman, T. and Trousdale, G. (2013). Construction Grammar: Introduction. In Hoffman, T. and Trousdale, G., eds., The Oxford Handbook of Construction Grammar. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 1–12.Google Scholar
Holliday, A. (2006). Native-Speakerism. ELT Journal, 60(4), 385–7.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Holston, J. (1999). Cities and Citizenship. Durham: Duke University Press.Google Scholar
Honey, J. (1997). Language Is Power: The Story of Standard English and its Enemies. London: Faber & Faber.Google Scholar
Hopper, P. and Traugott, E. (1993). Grammaticalization. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Jenkins, J. (2007). English as a Lingua Franca: Attitude and Identity. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Jin, Y., Wu, Z., Alderson, C. and Song, W. (2014). Developing the Common Chinese Framework of Reference for Languages: Challenges at macro and micropolitical levels. Paper presented at the Language Testing Research Colloquium, Amsterdam, the Netherlands, June 4–6.Google Scholar
Jing, X. and Zuo, N. (2006). Chinglish in the Oral Work of Non-English Majors. CELEA Journal, 29(4).Google Scholar
Kachru, B. (1985). Standards, Codification, and Sociolinguistic Realism: The English Language in the Outer Circle. In Quirk, R. and Widdowson, H. G., eds., English in the World: Teaching and learning the language and literatures. Cambridge:Cambridge University Press, pp. 11–30.Google Scholar
Kachru, B. (1986). The Alchemy of English: The Spread, Functions and Models of Non-Native Englishes. Pergamon.Google Scholar
Kachru, B. (1995). Transcultural Creativity in World Englishes and Literary Canons. In Cook, G. and Seidlhofer, B., eds. Principle and Practice in Applied Linguistics: Studies in honour of H. G. Widdowson. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 271–87.Google Scholar
Kachru, B. (1997). World Englishes and English-Using Communities. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics, 17, 66-87.Google Scholar
Kachru, B. (2005). Asian Englishes Beyond the Canon. Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press.Google Scholar
Kachru, B. and Nelson, C.. (1996). World Englishes. In McKay, S. and Hornberger, N., eds., Sociolinguistics in Language Teaching. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 71–102.Google Scholar
Kay, P. and Fillmore, C. J. (1999). Grammatical Constructions and Linguistic Generalisations: The ‘What’s X doing Y?’ construction. Language, 75, 1–33.Google Scholar
Kennedy, P. (2001). Introduction: Globalization and the Crisis of Identities? In Kennedy, P. and Danks, C. J., eds., Globalization and National Identities: Crisis or opportunity? New York: Palgrave, pp. 1–28.Google Scholar
Kirkpatrick, A. (2014). World Englishes. The Routledge Companion to English Studies Routledge, www.routledgehandbooks.com/doi/10.4324/9781315852515.ch3; accessed 31 December 2019.Google Scholar
Krashen, S. (1977). Some Issues Relating to the Monitor Model. In Brown, H., Yorio, C. and Crymes, R., eds., On TESOL ’77. Washington: TESOL, pp. 144–58.Google Scholar
Labov, W. (1963). The Social Motivation of a Sound Change. Word, 18, 1–42.Google Scholar
Labov, W. (1972). Sociolinguistic Patterns. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.Google Scholar
Laitin, D. (2000). What is a Language Community? American Journal of Political Science, 44(1), 142–55.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lamb, R. (2015). Echoborg: The computer controls you. 11 August 2015. Stuff to Blow Your Mind, www.stufftoblowyourmind.com/podcasts/echoborg-the-computer-controls-you.htm; accessed 20 May 2017.Google Scholar
Lanza, E. (2004). Language Mixing in Infant Bilingualism, new ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Larsen-Freeman, D. and Cameron, L. (2008). Complex Systems and Applied Linguistics. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Latham, A. and McCormack, D. (2011). Globalizations Big and Small: Notes on urban studies, actor-network theory, and geographical scale. In Farías, I. and Bender, T., eds., Urban Assemblages. London: Routledge, pp. 53–72.Google Scholar
Latour, B. (1999). Pandora’s Hope: Essays on the Reality of Science Studies. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Lee, J. H. X. and Nadeau, K. M. (2011). Encyclopedia of Asian American Folklore and Folklife, Vol 1. California: ABC-CLIO.Google Scholar
Lim, L. (2010). Peranakan English. In Schreier, D., Trudgill, P., Schneider, E. and Williams, J., eds., The Lesser-Known Varieties of English. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 327–47.Google Scholar
Lo Bianco, J. (2004) Language Planning as Applied Linguistics In Davies, A. and Elder, C., eds., Handbook of Applied Linguistics. Oxford: Blackwell, pp. 738–62.Google Scholar
Maley, A. (2010). The Reality of EIL and the Myth of ELF. In Gagligardi, C. and Maley, A., eds., EIL, ELF, Global English: Teaching and learning issues. Bern: Peter Lang, pp. 25–44.Google Scholar
Matras, Y. (2009). Language Contact. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
McCann, E. and Ward, K., eds. (2011). Mobile Urbanism. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.Google Scholar
McLaughlin, B. (1987). Theories of Second Language Learning. London: Edward Arnold.Google Scholar
Mendes, A. (2020). Verdant Vernaculars: Corsican environmental assemblages. Journal of Linguistic Anthropology, 30/2, 156–78.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mendoza, S. (2012). PH: World’s best country in Business English. Yahoo! Southeast Asia Newsroom, 25 April 2012, https://sg.news.yahoo.com/ph–world-s-best-country-in-business-english.html; accessed 28 October 2020.Google Scholar
Mesthrie, R. (1992). English in Language Shift: The History, Structure and Sociolinguistics of South African Indian English. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Muniandy, M. K., Nair, G. K. S., Shanmugam, S. K. K., Ahmad, I. and Mohamed Noor, N. B. (2010). Sociolinguistic Competence and Malaysian Students’ English Language Proficiency. English Language Teaching, 3(3), 145–51.Google Scholar
Nash, R. (1970). Spanglish: Language contact in Puerto Rico. American Speech, 45, 223–33.Google Scholar
Park, J. (2013). Metadiscursive Regimes of Diversity in a Multinational Corporation. Language in Society, 42, 1–21.Google Scholar
Park, J. and Wee, L. (2011). A Practice-Based Critique of English as a Lingua Franca. World Englishes, 30(3), 360–74.Google Scholar
Park, J. and Wee, L. (2012). Markets of English. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Park, J. and Wee, L. (2013). Linguistic Baptism and the Disintegration of ELF. Applied Linguistics Review, 4(2), 339–59.Google Scholar
Parsons, T. (1937). The Structure of Social Action. New York: Free Press.Google Scholar
Parsons, T. (1960). Structure and Process in Modern Society. New York: Free Press.Google Scholar
Parsons, T. (1971). The System of Modern Societies. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall.Google Scholar
Pavlenko, A. (2017). Superdiversity and Why it Isn’t: Reflections on Terminological Innovation and Academic Branding. In Schmenk, B., Breidbach, S. and Kuster, L., eds., Sloganizations in Language Education Discourse. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters, pp. 142–68.Google Scholar
Peck, J. and Theodore, N. (2015). Fast Policy. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.Google Scholar
Pennycook, A. (2003). Global Englishes, Rip Slyme, and Performativity. Journal of Sociolinguistics, 7(4), 513–33.Google Scholar
Pennycook, A. (2007a). The Myth of English as an International Language. In Makoni, S. and Pennycook, A., eds., Disinventing and Reconstituting Languages. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters, pp. 90–115.Google Scholar
Pennycook, A. (2007b). Global Englishes and Transcultural Flows. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Pennycook, A. (2008). Linguistic Landscape and the Transgressive Semiotics of Graffiti. In Shohamy, E. and Gorter, D., eds., Linguistic Landscapes: Expanding the Scenery. New York: Routledge, pp. 302–12.Google Scholar
Pennycook, A. (2016). Mobile Times, Mobile Terms: The Trans-Super-Poly-Metro Movement. In Coupland, N., ed., Sociolinguistics: Theoretical debates. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 201–16.Google Scholar
Pennycook, A. (2018). Posthumanist Applied Linguistics. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Perrons, D. (2004). Globalization and Social Change. London/New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Phillipson, R. (1992). Linguistic Imperialism. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Pierce, J. E. (1971). Culture, Diffusion and Japlish. Linguistics, 9, 45–58.Google Scholar
Pillar, I. and Cho, J. H. (2013). Neoliberalism as Language Policy. Language in Society, 42(1), 23–44.Google Scholar
Pitzl, M.-L. (2018). Creativity in English as a Lingua Franca. Berlin: Mouton De Gruyter.Google Scholar
Power, M. (1994). The Audit Explosion. London: Demos.Google Scholar
Pratt, M. L. (2009). Harm’s Way: Language and the contemporary arts of war. PMLA, 124(5), 1515–31.Google Scholar
Prodromou, L. (2008). English as a Lingua Franca: A Corpus-Based Analysis. London: Continuum.Google Scholar
Purcell, M. 2002. Excavating Lefebvre: The right to the city and its urban politics of the inhabitant. Geojournal, 58, 99–108.Google Scholar
Rampton, B. (2006). Language in Late Modernity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rashith, R. (2012). ‘Singlish’ video made in US goes viral. 17 December 2012, https://sg.news.yahoo.com/blogs/what-is-buzzing/singlish-video-made-us-goes-viral-071555556.html; accessed 19 May 2020.Google Scholar
Read, J. (2014). The influence of the Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR) in the Asia-Pacific region. LEARN Journal, Special issue, 33–9.Google Scholar
Reynolds, S. (2018). ‘How Auto-Tune revolutionized the sound of popular music’. Pitchfork.com, 17 September 2018, https://pitchfork.com/features/article/how-auto-tune-revolutionized-the-sound-of-popular-music/; accessed 27 January 2021.Google Scholar
Rose, N. (1998). Inventing Our Selves: Psychology, Power and Personhood. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Schmid, H.-J. (2020). The Dynamics of the Linguistic System. Oxford: Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schmidt, R. (1990). The Role of Consciousness in Second Language Learning. Applied Linguistics, 11, 129–58.Google Scholar
Schneider, E. W. (2007). Postcolonial English. Varieties Around the World. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Schneider, E. W. (2011). English into Asia: From Singaporean Ubiquity to Chinese Learners’ Features. In Adams, M. and Curzan, A., eds., Contours of English and English Language Studies. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, pp. 135–56.Google Scholar
Schneider, E. W. (2014). New Reflections on the Evolutionary Dynamics of World Englishes. World Englishes, 33(1), 9–32.Google Scholar
Schneider, E. W. (2020). Calling Englishes as Complex Dynamic Systems: Diffusion and Restructuring. In Mauranen, A. and Vetchinnikova, S. (eds.), Language Change: The impact of English as a lingua franca. Cambridge: Cambridge: University Press, pp. 15–43.Google Scholar
Seargeant, P. (2019). The Emoji Revolution. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Seidlhofer, B. (2011). Understanding English as a Lingua Franca. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Silverstein, M. (1996). Monoglot “Standard” in America: Standardization and Metaphors of Linguistic Hegemony. In Brenneis, D. and Macaulay, R. K. S., eds., Matrix of Language: Contemporary linguistic anthropology. Boulder: Westview, pp. 284–306.Google Scholar
Silverstein, Michael. 2003. Indexical Order and the Dialectics of Sociolinguistic Life. Language and Communication, 23, 193–229.Google Scholar
Simmel, G. (1976). The Metropolis and Mental Life: The sociology of Georg Simmel. New York: Free Press.Google Scholar
Spolsky, B. (2004). Language Policy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Spolsky, B. (2009). Language Management. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Strathern, M., ed. (2000). Audit Cultures. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Stroud, C. and Prinsloo, M. (2015). Preface. In Stroud, C. and Prinsloo, M., eds., Language, Literacy and Diversity: Moving words. London: Routledge, pp. ix–xiii.Google Scholar
Tollefson, J. (1991). Planning Language, Planning Inequality. New York: Longman.Google Scholar
Vertovec, S. (2007). Super-Diversity and its Implications. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 30(6), 1024–54.Google Scholar
Vertovec, S. (2010). Towards Post-Multiculturalism? Changing communities, contexts and conditions of diversity. International Social Science Journal, 61(199), 83–95.Google Scholar
Wade, R. H. (2001). Is globalization making world income distribution more equal? London School of Economics DESTIN Working Paper, 01–01. London: LSE.Google Scholar
Wee, L. (2003). Linguistic Instrumentalism in Singapore. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 24(3), 325–38.Google Scholar
Wee, L. (2006). The Semiotics of Language Ideologies in Singapore. Journal of Sociolinguistics, 10(3), 344–61.Google Scholar
Wee, L. (2010). Eurasian Singapore English. In Schreier, D., Trudgill, P., Schneider, E. and Williams, J., eds., The Lesser-Known Varieties of English. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 313–326.Google Scholar
Wee, L. (2011). The Ranked List as Panopticon in Enterprise Culture. Pragmatics and Society, 2(1), 37–56.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wee, L. (2018). The Singlish Controversy: Language, identity and culture in a globalizing world. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Wee, L. (under preparation). Automating Language and Communication.Google Scholar
Widdowson, H. (1994). The Ownership of English. TESOL Quarterly, 28(2), 377–89.Google Scholar
Widdowson, H. (2019). Creativity in English. World Englishes, 38(1–2), 312–18.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wiley, T. (1996). Language Planning and Policy. In McKay, S. and Hornberger, N., eds., Sociolinguistics and Language Teaching. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 103–47.Google Scholar
Williams, G. (1992). Sociolinguistics: A sociological critique. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Wise, J.Macgregor (2005). Assemblage. In Stivale, C. J., ed., Gilles Deleuze: Key concepts. Montreal/Kingston: McGill and Queen’s University Press.Google Scholar
Wittgenstein, L. (1958). Philosophical Investigations. Translated by Anscombe, G. E.. New York: Macmillan.Google Scholar

Save element to Kindle

To save this element to your Kindle, first ensure [email protected] is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Posthumanist World Englishes
  • Lionel Wee, National University of Singapore
  • Online ISBN: 9781108990615
Available formats
×

Save element to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Posthumanist World Englishes
  • Lionel Wee, National University of Singapore
  • Online ISBN: 9781108990615
Available formats
×

Save element to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Posthumanist World Englishes
  • Lionel Wee, National University of Singapore
  • Online ISBN: 9781108990615
Available formats
×