Element contents
Feminisms in Latin America
Pro-choice Nested Networks in Mexico and Brazil
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 04 November 2022
Summary
This Element analyzes the features of current feminist movements in Latin America and their responses to conservative reactions. For this, it focuses on the pro-choice movement vis-à-vis the anti-abortion countermovement in Mexico and Brazil. It offers a relational approach embracing the dynamics within the feminist field and between feminism and the state to capture the movements' potential effects. First, the Element proposes the concept of nested feminist networks, which comprises of three dimensions revealing the plurality of the movement across intersectional and sexual identity issues (horizontal), its relationship with the multifaceted state (vertical), and the intermediation of political parties and participatory institutions in this relationship (intermediary). Second, it argues that nested networks allow feminists to enable policies and block actions from conservatives. In sum, it explores how feminists, leveraging their plurality and connection with the state, can counter conservative attacks.
- Type
- Element
- Information
- Online ISBN: 9781108919258Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication: 01 December 2022
References
Abers, R. N. (2020). Institutions, networks and activism inside the state: women’s health and environmental policy in Brazil. Critical Policy Studies, 15(3), 330–349.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Abers, R. N. & von Bülow, M. (2011). Movimentos sociais na teoria e na prática: como estudar o ativismo através da fronteira entre estado e sociedade? Sociologias, 13(28), 52–84.Google Scholar
Abers, R. N. & Keck, M. E. (2013). Practical Authority: Agency and Institutional Change in Brazilian Water Politics. Oxford: Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Abers, R. N., & Tatagiba, L. (2015). Institutional Activism: Mobilizing for Women’s Health from Inside the Brazilian Bureaucracy. In F. M. Rossi & M. von Bülow, eds., Social Movement Dynamics: New Perspectives on Theory and Research from Latin America. London: Ashgate, 73–101.Google Scholar
Abers, R. N., Serafim, L. & Tatagiba, L. (2014). Repertórios de interação estado-sociedade em um estado heterogêneo: a experiência na Era Lula. Dados Revista de Ciências Sociais, 57(2), 325–357.Google Scholar
Abranches, S. (2018). Presidencialismo de Coalizão: Raízes e Evolução do Modelo político Brasileiro. São Paulo: Companhia das Letras.Google Scholar
Alarcón, N. (1994). The theoretical subject(s) of this bridge called my back and Anglo-American feminism. In Seidman, S., ed., The Postmodern Turn: New Perspectives on Social Theory. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 140–152.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Almeida, D. R. (2020). Resiliência institucional: para onde vai a participação nos Conselhos Nacionais de Saúde e dos Direitos da Mulher? Caderno CRH, 33, 1–24.Google Scholar
Alvarez, S. (2014). Para além da sociedade civil: reflexões sobre o campo feminista. Cadernos Pagú, 43, 13–56.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Alvarez, S. (2019). Feminismos en movimiento, feminismos en protesta. Revista Punto Género, 11, 73–102.Google Scholar
Amenta, E., Caren, N., Chiarello, E. & Su, Y. (2010). The political consequences of social movements. Annual Review of Sociology, 36(1), 287–307.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Anzaldua, G. (1990). Making Face, Making Soul/Haciendo Caras: Creative and Critical Perspectives by Feminists of Color. San Francisco: Aunt Lute Books.Google Scholar
Aziz Nassif, A. (2019). ¿Las Iglesias hasta la Cocina?, El Universal. June 25. www.eluniversal.com.mx/articulo/alberto-aziz-nassif/nacion/las-iglesias-hasta-la-cocina.Google Scholar
Banaszak, L. A. (2010). The Women’s Movement Inside and Outside the State. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Banaszak, L. A. & Whitesell, A. (2017). Inside the state: activism within legislative and governmental agency forums. In McCammon, H., Taylor, V., Reger, J. & Einwohner, R., eds., The Oxford Handbook of US Women’s Social Movement Activism. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 487–506.Google Scholar
Barrancos, D. (2020). Historia mínima de los feminismos en América Latina. Mexico City: El Colegio de México.Google Scholar
Barsted, L. (2009). O movimento de mulheres e o debate sobre aborto. In Baltar da Rocha, M. I. & Barbosa, R. M., eds., Aborto no Brasil e Países do Cone Sul: Panorama da Situação e dos Estudos Acadêmicos. Campinas: Núcleo de Estudos de População – Nepo/Unicamp, 228–256.Google Scholar
Beer, C. (2014). Measuring Subnational Religious Differences in Mexico: Religion and Gender Equality in Eepemex. Burlington: University of Vermont.Google Scholar
Beer, C. (2017). Making abortion laws in Mexico: salience and autonomy in the policymaking process. Comparative Politics, 50(1), 41–59.Google Scholar
Bellucci, M. (2015). Lo queer como estrategia de lucha abortista (Buenos Aires: 1993–2003). Herramienta Buenos Aires, 57, 1–9. https://historiadeunadesobediencia.wordpress.com/2015/11/09/lo-queer-como-estrategia-de-lucha-abortista-buenos-aires-1993-2003/.Google Scholar
Bereni, L. (2021). The women’s cause in a field: rethinking the architecture of collective protest in the era of movement institutionalization. Social Movement Studies, 20(2), 208–223. https://doi.org/10.1080/14742837.2019.1679107.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Biroli, F. (2016). Aborto em Debate na Câmara dos Deputados. Brasília: CFEMEA, Ipas, Observatório de Sexualidade e Política.Google Scholar
Biroli, F. (2018). Gênero e Desigualdades: Limites da Democracia no Brasil. São Paulo: Boitempo.Google Scholar
Biroli, F., Machado, M. das, D. & Vaggione, J. M. (2020). Gênero, Neoconservadorismo e Democracia, 1st ed. São Paulo: Boitempo.Google Scholar
Bogado, M. (2018). Rua. In Hollanda, H. B., ed., Explosão Feminista. São Paulo: Companhia das Letras, 23–42.Google Scholar
Bosi, L. (2016). Social movements and interrelated effects: the process of social change in the post-movement lives of provisional IRA volunteers. Revista Internacional de Sociología, 74(4), e047. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/ris.2016.74.4.047.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brown, J. L. (2020). Del margen al centro: de la construcción del aborto como un problema social al aborto como un derecho (1983–2018). Cuestiones de Sociología, 22, 1–18.Google Scholar
Burt, R. S. (2009). Structural Holes: The Social Structure of Competition, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Cabnal, L. (2010). Feminismos Diversos: El Feminismo Comunitario. Madrid: ACSUR-Las Segovias.Google Scholar
Careaga, G. & Cruz, S. (2004). Sexualidades Diversas: Aproximaciones para su Análisis, Mexico City: Programa Universitario de Estudios de Género y Miguel Ángel Porrúa.Google Scholar
Carlos, E., Dowbor, M. & Albuquerque, M. C. A. (2017). Movimentos sociais e seus efeitos nas políticas públicas: balanço do debate e proposições analíticas. Civitas – Revista de Ciências Sociais, 17(2), 360–378.Google Scholar
Carneiro, S. (2001). Rendering feminism blacker: the situation of black women in Latin America from a gender perspective. Lola Press, 16(22), 1–6.Google Scholar
Carneiro, S. (2011). Racismo, Sexismo e Desigualdade no Brasil. São Paulo: Selo Negro Edições.Google Scholar
Carone, R. R. (2018). A atuação do movimento feminista no legislativo federal: caso da Lei Maria da Penha. Lua Nova: Revista de Cultura e Política, 105, 181–216.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Castells, M. (2010). The Power of Identity, 2nd ed. Chichester: Chich Wiley-Blackwell.Google Scholar
Ciriza, A. (2013). Sobre el carácter político de la disputa por el derecho al aborto: 30 años de luchas por el derecho a abortar en Argentina. In R. Zurbriggen & C. Anzorena, eds., El Aborto Como Derecho de las Mujeres: Otra Historia es Posible. Buenos Aires: Herramienta.Google Scholar
Coacci, T. (2018). Conhecimento Precário e Conhecimento Contra-público: A Coprodução dos Conhecimentos e dos Movimentos Sociais de Pessoas Trans no Brasil. Minas Gerais: Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais.Google Scholar
Collier, D. & Levitsky, S. (1997). Democracy with adjectives: conceptual innovation in comparative research. World Politics, 49(3), 430–451.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Collier, R. B. & Collier, D. (2002). Shaping the Political Arena: Critical Junctures, the Labor Movement, and Regime Dynamics in Latin America, Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press.Google Scholar
Correa, S. & Parker, R. (2019). SexPolitics: Trends and Tensions in the 21st Century – Contextual Undercurrents Volume 2. Rio de Janeiro: Sexuality Policy Watch.Google Scholar
Crenshaw, K. (1989). Demarginalizing the intersection of race and sex: a black feminist critique of antidiscrimination doctrine, feminist theory and antiracist politics. University of Chicago Legal Forum, 1, 139–167.Google Scholar
Cuminao Rojo, C. (2009). Mujeres mapuche: voces y escritura de un posible feminismo indígena. In Pequeño, A., ed., Participación y Políticas de Mujeres Indígenas en Contextos Latinoamericanos Recientes. Ecuador: FLACSO-Ecuador, Ministerio de Cultura del Ecuador, 111–124.Google Scholar
Curiel, O., Masson, S. & Falquet, J. (2005). Féminismes dissidents en Amérique latine et aux Caraïbes. Nouvelles Questions Féministes, 24(2), 4–13.Google Scholar
Dagnino, E. (2004). Sociedade civil, participação e cidadania: de que estamos falando? In Mato, D., ed., Políticas de Ciudadanía y Sociedad Civil en Tiempos de Globalización. Caracas: Universidad Central de Venezuela, 95–110.Google Scholar
Dehesa, R. de la. (2010). Queering the Public Sphere in Mexico and Brazil: Sexual Rights Movements in Emerging Democracies, Durham, NC: Duke University Press.Google Scholar
Dehesa, R. de la. (2019). Social medicine, feminism and the politics of population: from transnational knowledge networks to national social movements in Brazil and Mexico. Global Public Health, 14(6–7), 803–816.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
de Lauretis, T. (1990). Eccentric subjects: feminist theory and historical consciousness. Feminist Studies, 16(1), 115–150.Google Scholar
Del Cid Castro, J. A. (2019). Régimen de Género y Políticas sobre Aborto en Centroamérica los Procesos de Construcción de Agenda en las Asambleas Legislativas. Mexico City: FLACSO México.Google Scholar
Delgado-Molina, C. (2020). Evangélicos y poder político en México: reconfigurando alianzas y antagonismos. Encartes, 3(6), 36–51.Google Scholar
Di Marco, G. (2000). El Pueblo Feminista: Movimientos Sociales y Lucha de las Mujeres en torno a la Ciudadanía. Buenos Aires: Biblos.Google Scholar
Diani, M. (1992). The concept of social movement. The Sociological Review, 40(1), 1–25.Google Scholar
Diani, M. & Bison, I. (2004). Organizations, coalitions, and movements. Theory and Society, 33(3), 281–309.Google Scholar
Eisenstein, H. (1996). Inside Agitators: Australian Femocrats and the State. Philadelphia: Temple University Press.Google Scholar
Zapatista, Enlace. (1994). Archivo histórico 5 mayo 1994, Enlace Zapatista. https://enlacezapatista.org.mx/1994/05/05/dicen-las-companeras-que-no-piden-clinicas-de-abortos-porque-ni-siquiera-tienen-de-partos/.Google Scholar
Espinosa, Y. (2010). Aproximaciones Críticas a las Prácticas Teórico-Políticas del Feminismo Latinoamericano. Buenos Aires: En la Frontera.Google Scholar
Espinoza, C. (2011). Despatriarcalizando el Estado y la sociedad sin permisos. In Salguero Carrillo, E., ed., Políticas Públicas, Descolonización y Despatriarcalización en Bolivia, Estado Plurinacional. La Paz: Estado Plurinacional, 77–88.Google Scholar
Facchini, R., do Carmo, I. N. & Pereira Lima, S. (2020). Movimentos feminista, negro e LGBTI no Brasil: sujeitos, teias e enquadramentos. Educação & Sociedade, (41), 1–22.Google Scholar
Falleti, T. (2010). Descentralization and Subnational Politics in Latin America. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Falleti, T. & Mahoney, J. (2015). The comparative sequential method. In J. Mahoney & K. Thelen, eds., Advances in Comparative-Historical Analysis. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 211–239.Google Scholar
Fantasia, R. & Stepan‐Norris, J. (2004). The labor movement in motion. In D. A. Snow, S. A. Soule & H. Kriesi, eds., The Blackwell Companion to Social Movements. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 555–575.Google Scholar
Fanti, F. (2017). Mobilização social e luta por direitos: movimento feminista e a campanha pela descriminalização e legalização do aborto no Brasil, paper presented at VIII Congreso Iberoamericano de Estudios de Género, Buenos Aires, Argentina, 2017.Google Scholar
Fioretos, K. O., Falleti, T. G. & Sheingate, A. D. (2016). The Oxford Handbook of Historical Institutionalism. Oxford: Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Franceschet, S. (2011). Gender policy and state architecture in Latin America. Politics & Gender, 7(2), 273–279.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Freeman, L. C. (1977). A set of measures of centrality based on betweenness. Sociometry, 40(1), 35–41.Google Scholar
Gargallo, F. (2012). Feminismos Desde Abya Yala: Ideas y Proposiciones de las Mujeres de 607 Pueblos de Nuestra América. Mexico City: Editorial Corte y Confección.Google Scholar
Goldstone, J. A. (2003). Bridging institutionalized and noninstitutionalized politics. In Goldstone, J. A., ed., States, Parties, and Social Movements. Cambridge:Cambridge University Press, 1–24.Google Scholar
Gonzalez, L. (2008). Mulher negra. In Larkin, E., ed., Guerreiras de Natureza: Mulher Negra, Religiosidade e Ambiente. São Paulo: Selo Negro, 9–47.Google Scholar
Granovetter, M. (1973). The strength of weak ties. American Journal of Sociology, 78 (6), 1360–1380Google Scholar
Gurza Lavalle, A. & von Bülow, M. (2015). Institutionalized brokers and collective actors: different types, similar challenges. In Social Movement Dynamics: New Perspectives on Theory and Research from Latin America. Abingdon: Routledge, 157–180.Google Scholar
Gurza Lavalle, A., Carlos, E., Dowbor, M. & Szwako, J. (2018). Movimentos Sociais e institucionalização: Políticas Sociais, Raça e Gênero no Brasil pós-transição. Rio de Janeiro: EDUERJ.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gutterres, A., Vianna, A. & Aguião, S. (2014). Percursos, tensões e possibilidades da participação de movimentos de mulheres e feminista nas políticas governamentais. In Leite Lopes, J. S. & Heredia, B., eds., Movimentos Sociais e Esfera Pública: O Mundo da Participação. Rio de Janeiro: CBAE.Google Scholar
Halsaa, B. (1998). A strategic partnership for women’s policies in Norway. In G. Lycklama à Nijeholt & S. Wieringa, eds., Women’s Movements and Public Policy in Europe, Latin America and the Caribbean. New York: Garland, 167–189.Google Scholar
Harding, S. (1991). Whose Science? Whose Knowledge? Thinking from Women’s Lives. New York: Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Hernández Castillo, R. A. (2016). Multiple InJustices: Indigenous Women, Law and Political Struggle. Tucson: University of Arizona Press.Google Scholar
Hernández Castillo, R. A. & Suárez Navaz, L. (2008). Descolonizando el Feminismo: Teorías y Prácticas desde los Márgenes. Madrid: Cátedra.Google Scholar
Hochstetler, K. (2011). The politics of environmental licensing: energy projects of the past and future in Brazil. St Comp Int Dev, 46, 349–371.Google Scholar
Hochstetler, K. & Keck, M. (2007). Greening Brazil: Environmental Activism in State and Society. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.Google Scholar
Holli, A. M. (2008). Feminist triangles: a conceptual analysis. Journal of Representative Democracy, 44(2), 169–185.Google Scholar
Htun, M. & Weldon, S. L. (2018). The Logics of Gender Justice: State Action on Women’s Rights Around the World. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Jeffreys, S. (2003). Unpacking Queer Politics: A Lesbian Feminist Perspective. Cambridge: Polity Press.Google Scholar
Keck, M. E. & Sikkink, K. (1998). Activists beyond Borders: Advocacy Networks in International Politics. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Kingdom, John W. (1995). Agendas, Alternatives, and Public Policies. 2nd ed. New York: Harper Collins.Google Scholar
Korol, C. (2016). Somos Tierra, Semilla, Rebeldía: Mujeres, Tierra y Territorios en América Latina. Buenos Aires: GRAIN, Acción por la Biodiversidad y América Libre.Google Scholar
Martín, Labastida Del Campo, J. & Leyva, M. A. L. (2004). México: una transición prolongada (1988–1996/97). Revista Mexicana de Sociología, 66(4), 749–806.Google Scholar
Lacerda, M. (2018). Neoconservadorismo de Periferia: Articulação Familista, Primitiva e Neoliberal na Câmara dos Deputados. Rio de Janeiro: State University of Rio de Janeiro.Google Scholar
Lamas, M. (2015). El Largo Camino Hacia la ILE: Mi Versión de los Hechos. Mexico City: UNAM.Google Scholar
López, J. (2020). Aborto, contramovilización y estrategias de comunicación contra la expansión de derechos en México. Revista Interdisciplinaria de Estudios de Género de El Colegio de México, 6, e621. https://estudiosdegenero.colmex.mx/index.php/eg/article/view/621/pdf.Google Scholar
Löwy, M. (2004). Le concept d’affinité élective chez Max Weber. Archives de Sciences Sociales des Religions, 127 (July–September). https://doi.org/10.4000/assr.1055.Google Scholar
Lozano, B. (2010). El feminismo no puede ser uno porque las mujeres somos diversas: aportes a un feminismo negro decolonial desde la experiencia de las mujeres negras del Pacífico Colombiano. La Manzana de la Discordia, 5(2), 7–24. https://doi.org/10.25100/lamanzanadeladiscordia.v5i2.1516.Google Scholar
Lugones, M. (2011). Hacia un feminismo descolonial. La Manzana de la Discordia, 6(2), 105–119.Google Scholar
Luna, N. (2014). Aborto no Congresso Nacional: o enfrentamento de atores religiosos e feministas em um Estado laico. Revista Brasileira de Ciência Política, (14), 83–109.Google Scholar
Mainwaring, S., Power, T. & Bizarro, F. (2018). The uneven institutionalization of a party system: Brazil. In Mainwaring, S., ed., Party Systems in Latin America: Institutionalization, Decay, and Collapse. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 164–200.Google Scholar
Mann, M. (1984). The autonomous power of the state: its origins, mechanisms and results. European Journal of Sociology, 25(2), 185–213.Google Scholar
Mariano, R. & Biroli, F. (2012). O debate sobre aborto na Câmara dos Deputados (1991–2014): posições e vozes das mulheres parlamentares. Cadernos Pagu, (10), 1–38.Google Scholar
Martello, L. (2018). O debate sobre legalização do aborto e a inclusão de diferenças nas 3a e 4a Conferências Nacionais de Políticas para Mulheres: direito ao corpo e feminismos jovens. In Quem são as Mulheres das Políticas para as Mulheres no Brasil: Expressões Feministas nas Conferências Nacionais de Políticas para as Mulheres. Porto Alegre: Zouk, 211–255.Google Scholar
Martinez Medina, D. (2010). Redes de Política Pública y Construcción de Agenda de Género en el Legislativo Mexicano (1997–2009). Mexico City: FLACSO México .Google Scholar
Matos, M. & Alvarez, S. (2018). Quem são as Mulheres das Políticas para as Mulheres no Brasil: o Feminismo Estatal Participativo Brasileiro. Porto Alegre: Editora Zouk.Google Scholar
McBride Stetson, D., ed. (2001). Abortion Politics, Women’s Movements, and the Democratic State: A Comparative Study of State Feminism, Abortion Politics, Women’s Movements, and the Democratic State. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
McBride, D. & Mazur, A. G. (2010). The Politics of State Feminism Innovation in Comparative Research. Philadelphia: Temple University Press.Google Scholar
Medeiros, J. (2019). Do feminismo popular ao feminismo periférico: mudanças estruturais em contapúblicos da Zona Leste de São Paulo. Novos Rumos Sociológicos, 7(11), 300–335.Google Scholar
Medeiros, J. & Fanti, F. (2017). Recent changes in the Brazilian feminist movement: the emergence of new collective actors. In Ferrero, J. P., Natalucci, A. and Tatagiba, L., eds., Socio-political Dynamics within the Crisis of the Left: Argentina and Brazil. London: Rowman & Littlefield, 221–241.Google Scholar
Mendoza, B. (2014). La cuestión de la colonialidad del género. In Ensayos de crítica feminista en nuestra América. Mexico City: Herder, 45–71.Google Scholar
Meyer, D. S. & Staggenborg, S. (1996). Movements, countermovements, and the structure of political opportunity. American Journal of Sociology, 101(6), 1628–1660.Google Scholar
Meza, H. and Tatagiba, L. (2016). Movimentos sociais e partidos políticos: as relações entre o movimento feminista e o sistema de partidos na Nicarágua (1974–2012). Opinião Pública, 22(2), 350–384.Google Scholar
Miguel, L. F., Biroli, F. & Mariano, R. (2017). O direito ao aborto no debate legislativo brasileiro: a ofensiva conservadora na Câmara dos Deputados. Opinião Pública, 23(1), 230–260.Google Scholar
Miyares, A. (2017). Las trampas conceptuales de la reacción neoliberal: «relativismo», «elección», «diversidad» e «identidad». Revista Europea de Derechos Fundamentales, 29, 117–132.Google Scholar
Mohanty, C. T. & Russo, & Torres, L. (1991). Third World Women and the Politics of Feminism. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.Google Scholar
Nahmias-Wolinsky, Y. (2004). Models, Numbers, and Cases: Methods for Studying International Relations. Michigan: University of Michigan Press.Google Scholar
Norris, P. (1997) Choosing electoral systems: proportional, majoritarian and mixed systems. International Political Science Review, 18(3), 297–312.Google Scholar
Ortiz Ortega, A. O. (2019). Si los Hombres se Embarazaran, ¿el Aborto seria Legal?. Mexico City: EDAMEX.Google Scholar
Pacari, N. (2004). La Participación Política de la Mujer Indígena en el Parlamento Ecuatoriano. Una Tarea Pendiente. Stockholm: Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance.Google Scholar
Paradis, C. & Matos, M. (2013). Los feminismos latinoamericanos y su compleja relación con el Estado: debates actuales. Íconos Revista de Ciencias Sociales, (43), 91–107.Google Scholar
Paredes, J. & Guzmán, A. (2014). El tejido de la rebeldía, ¿qué es el feminismo comunitario? La Paz: Mujeres Creando Comunidad.Google Scholar
Perez Flores, E. & Amuchastegui Herrera, A. (2012). Interrupción legal del embarazo: reescribiendo la experiencia del aborto en los hospitales públicos del Distrito Federal. Género y Salud en cifras, 10(1), 21–30.Google Scholar
Pérez Guadalupe, J. L. (2017). Entre Dios y el César: El Impacto Político de los Evangélicos en el Perú y América Latina. Lima: Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung and Instituto de Estudios Social Cristianos (IESC).Google Scholar
Pierson, P. (2011). Politics in Time: History, Institutions, and Social Analysis. Princeton: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Pinto, C. R. (2010). Feminismo, história e poder. Revista de Sociologia e Política, 18(36), 15–23.Google Scholar
Piscopo, J. M. & Walsh, D. M. (2020). Introduction: symposium backlash and the future of feminism. Signs Journal of Women in Culture and Society, 45(2), 265–278.Google Scholar
Pou Giménez, F. (2014). The new Mexican constitutional remedy (“amparo”) and the protection of rights: neither so new nor so protective? Anuario de Derechos Humanos, 10, 91–103.Google Scholar
Prieto, M., Cuminao, C., Flores, A., Maldonado, G. & Pequeño, A. (2005). Las mujeres indígenas y la búsqueda del respeto. In Prieto, M., ed., Mujeres Ecuatorianas, entre la Crisis y las Oportunidades 1990–2004. Quito: CONAMU, FLACSO-Ecuador, UNFPA, UNIFEM, 155–196.Google Scholar
Queiroz, C. (2019). Fé pública: pesquisadores buscam compreender crescimento evangélico no Brasil. Revista FAPESP, 20(286), 12–19.Google Scholar
Reuterswärd, C. (2018). Mobilizing for mortal sin? Social movements and the struggle over abortion policy in sub-national Mexico. Paper prepared for the Annual Meeting of the Latin American Studies Association (LASA), Barcelona, Spain May 26.Google Scholar
Richards, P. (2002). Expandir el concepto de ciudadanía de las mujeres: La visión de pueblo y la representación de las mujeres mapuche en SERNAM. In Impactos y desafíos de las crisis internacionales. Santiago de Chile: FLACSO-Chile, 267–297.Google Scholar
Rios, F., Perez, O. & Ricoldi, A. (2018). Interseccionalidade nas mobilizações do Brasil contemporâneo. Lutas Sociais, 22(40), 36–51.Google Scholar
Rocha, C. (2020). Cristianismo ou conservadorismo? O caso do movimento antiaborto no Brasil. Revista TOMO, 36, 43–78.Google Scholar
Rodrigues, C. & Gonçalves Freitas, V. (2021). Ativismo feminista negro no Brasil: do movimento de mulheres negras ao feminismo interseccional. Revista Brasileira de Ciência Política, (34), 1–54.Google Scholar
Rodriguez Gustá, A. L. (2019). Women’s policy agencies and government ideology: the divergent roads of Argentina and Brazil 2003–2019. Paper presented at the Conference Feminisms and Conservatisms, FLACSO Mexico, Mexico City, September 19–20.Google Scholar
Roggeband, C. & Krizsán, A. (2020). Democratic backsliding and the backlash against women’s rights: understanding the current challenges for feminist politics. UN Women discussion paper, 35.Google Scholar
Saunders, C. (2007). Using social network analysis to explore social movements: a relational approach. Social Movement Studies, 6, 227–243.Google Scholar
Schedler, A. (2010). Democracy’s past and future: authoritarianism’s last line of defense. Journal of Democracy, 21(1), 69–80.Google Scholar
Seawright, J. & Gerring, J. (2008). Case selection techniques in case study research: a menu of qualitative and quantitative options. Political Research Quarterly, 61(2), 294–308.Google Scholar
Segato, R. L. (2014). Las nuevas formas de la guerra y el cuerpo de las mujeres. Sociedade e Estado, 29(2), 341–371.Google Scholar
Sierra, M. T. (2008). Mujeres indígenas, justicia y derechos: los retos de una justicia intercultural. Revista Íconos, (31), 15–26.Google Scholar
Silva, M. K. & Pereira, M. M. (2020). Movimentos e contramovimentos sociais: o caráter relacional da conflitualidade social. Revista Brasileira de Sociologia – RBS, 8(20), 26–49.Google Scholar
Sorj, B. (2016). Connecting economic and social policy: new approaches to gender equality. Global Social Policy, 16(1), 105–108.Google Scholar
Sorj, B. (2018). As veteranas ou um sinal de alerta sobre uma memória não escrita. In Hollanda, H. B., ed., Explosão Feminista. São Paulo: Companhia das Letras, 431–438.Google Scholar
Soto Fregoso, M. A. (2019). La auto adscripción de género en el registro de candidaturas a concejalías en el estado de Oaxaca. In C. R. Eguiarte Mereles & M. Pérez Cepeda, eds., Desafíos de la Democracia Incluyente: Colección Instituto Electoral del Estado de Querétaro. Mexico City: IEEQ, 101–121.Google Scholar
SPM (Secretaria Especial de Políticas para Mulheres). (2016). Legados da 4ª Conferência Nacional de Políticas para Mulheres em Imagens. Brasília: ONU Mulheres.Google Scholar
Sutton, B. & Borland, E. (2013). Framing abortion rights in Argentina’s Encuentros Nacionales de Mujeres. Feminist Studies, 39(1), 194–234.Google Scholar
Sutton, B. & Borland, E. (2018). Queering abortion rights: notes from Argentina. Culture, Health & Sexuality, 20(12), 1378–1393.Google Scholar
Szwako, J. (2014). O mau desempenho de Lugo: gênero, religião e contramovimento na última destituição presidencial paraguaia. Opinião Pública, 20(1), 132–155.Google Scholar
Tarrés, M. L. (2006). Nuevos nudos y desafíos en las prácticas feministas: los Institutos de las Mujeres en México. Revista Enfoques: Ciencia Política y Administración, (5), 5–27.Google Scholar
Tarrés Barraza, M. L. & Zaremberg, G. (2014). Conclusiones. In López Estrada, S., E. Maier, M. L. Tarrés Barraza & G. Zaremberg, eds., 15 Años de Políticas de Igualdad: Los Alcances, los Dilemas y los Retos. Mexico City: COLEF, El Colegio de México, FLACSO México.Google Scholar
Teles, M. A. de A. (1999). Breve História do Feminismo no Brasil. São Paulo: Brasiliense.Google Scholar
Tilly, C. (1995). Contentious repertoires in Great Britain, 1758–1834. In: Traugott, M., ed., Repertoires and Cycles of Collective Action. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 15–42.Google Scholar
Torres Pacheco, M. G. A. (2008). ¿Dónde Inician las Leyes? Poder Ejecutivo y Poder Legislativo en el Proceso de Formulación de la Ley General de Acceso de las Mujeres a una Vida Libre de Violencia. Mexico City: FLACSO México.Google Scholar
Valcárcel, A. (2019). Ahora, Feminismo: Cuestiones Candentes y Frentes Abiertos. Madrid: Cátedra.Google Scholar
Vargas, V. (2008). Feminismos en América Latina su Aporte a la Política y a la Democracia. Lima: Universidad Nacional de San Marcos.Google Scholar
Vargas, V. & Wieringa, S. (1998). The triangle of empowerment: processes and actors in the making of public policy for women. In Lycklama, G. à Nijeholt, V. Vargas & Wieringa, S., eds., Women’s Movements and Public Policy in Europe, Latin America and the Caribbean. New York: Garland, 3–23.Google Scholar
Waiselfisz, J. J. (2015). Mapa da Violência 2015: Homicídio de Mulheres no Brasil, 1st ed., Brasília: OPAS, OMS, ONU Mulheres, SPM, FLACSO.Google Scholar
Wasserman, S. & Faust, K. (1994). Social Network Analysis: Methods and Applications, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Wilkinson, A. (2021). Gender as a death threat to the family: how the “security frame” shapes anti-gender activism in Mexico. International Feminist Journal of Politics, 23(4), 535–557. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616742.2021.1957974.Google Scholar
Woodward, A. E. (2004). Building Velvet Triangles: Gender and Informal Governance, Informal Governance in the European Union. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing.Google Scholar
Zaremberg, G. (2007). Alpargatas y libros: un análisis comparado de los estilos de gestión social del Consejo Provincial de la Mujer (Provincia de Bs. As, Argentina) y el Servicio Nacional de la Mujer (Chile). In Zaremberg, G., ed., Políticas Sociales y Género, Tomo I: La Institucionalización. Mexico City: FLACSO.Google Scholar
Zaremberg, G. (2009). ¿Cuánto y para qué?: los derechos políticos de las mujeres desde la óptica de la representación descriptiva y sustantiva. Mexico City: Tribunal Federal Electoral de la Federación.Google Scholar
Zaremberg, G. & Guzmán Lucero, Á. F. (2019). Aborto, movimientos y femocracias: un análisis relacional. Revista Mexicana de Sociología, 81(1), 145–177.Google Scholar
Zaremberg, G., Guarneros-Meza, V. & Gurza Lavalle, A. (2017). Intermediation and Representation in Latin America: Actors and Roles Beyond Elections, London: Palgrave Macmillan.Google Scholar
- 16
- Cited by