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  • Cited by 1
Publisher:
Cambridge University Press
Online publication date:
September 2017
Print publication year:
2017
Online ISBN:
9781108116039

Book description

Soldiers and Gentlemen: Australian Battalion Commanders in the Great War, 1914–1918 is the first book to examine the background, role and conduct of Australian commanding officers during the First World War. Though they held positions of power, commanding officers inhabited a leadership no man's land - they exerted great influence over their units, but they were also largely excluded from the decision-making process and faced the same risks as junior officers on the battlefield. A soldier's well-being and success in battle was heavily dependent on a commanding officer's competence, but little is known about the men who filled these roles. In his groundbreaking book, William Westerman explores the stories of the vitally important, yet often forgotten, commanding officers. Theirs is a story of the timeless challenges of military leadership, and this book prevents them from slipping from the public memory to enhance our knowledge of the conflict.

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Contents

Bibliography

Primary Sources

Archives

Australian War Memorial
Manuscripts

MSS0728

William Holmes

MSS1073

H.E. Rydon

MSS1357

William Russel Goodwin Colman

Official records

AWM4

Australian Imperial Force Unit War Diaries, 1914–18 War

AWM8

Unit Embarkation Nominal Rolls, 1914–18 War

AWM15

Australian Imperial Force Depots in the United Kingdom: Headquarters (Salisbury Plain), Central Registry, Tidworth Files

AWM25

Written Records, 1914–18 War

AWM27

Records Arranged According to AWM Library Subject Classification

AWM28

Recommendation Files for Honours and Awards, AIF, 1914–18 War

AWM38

Official History, 1914–18 War: Records of C.E.W. Bean, Official Historian

AWM183

Australian War Records Section Biographical Forms

AWM224

Unit Manuscript Histories

Personal papers

1DRL/0053

Harold Edwin Salisbury Armitage

1DRL/0099

James Stanley Forbes Bartlett

1DRL/0130

William George Blaskett

1DRL/0153

Eric Thomas Brind

1DRL/0235

William Davidson

1DRL/0345

Robert James Henderson

1DRL/0358

Robert Geoffrey Horniman

1DRL/0359

Douglas David Horton

1DRL/0362

Owen Glendower Howell-Price

1DRL/0411

Allan Edwin Leane

1DRL/0412

Benjamin Bennett Leane

1DRL/0427

Geoffrey Gordon McCrae

1DRL/0478

Ivor Stephen Margetts

1DRL/0490

Leonard May

1DRL/0554

Louis Carl Roth

1DRL/0583

Samuel James Topp

1DRL/0628

Francis Henry Durnford

2DRL/0030

Charles Smith

2DRL/0040

Duncan Victor Mulholland

2DRL/0069

Reginald Lyons Donkin

2DRL/0105

William Augustus Mann

2DRL/0130

Robert Haylock Owen

2DRL/0160

Raymond Scott Evatt

2DRL/0196

Graeme Stobie

2DRL/0219

Arthur Edward Matthews

2DRL/0481

Raws Family

2DRL/0512

Benjamin William Champion

2DRL/0513

Harold Edward Elliott

2DRL/0570

Lawrence Alfred Stickley

2DRL/0666

Norman Harold Langford

2DRL/0765

William Donovan Joynt

2DRL/0785

Wilfred Denver Gallwey

2DRL/0786

Thomas James Richards

2DRL/0972

Geoffrey Hurry

2DRL/1180

Leslie Atherton Gerard Boyce

3DRL/0339

Robert Austin Goldrick

3DRL/1473

Sir John Gellibrand

3DRL/1545

Alfred Leslie Guppy

3DRL/2206

Arthur G. Thomas

3DRL/2222

Sir George Foster Pearce

3DRL/2316

Sir John Monash

3DRL/2379

Henry Arthur Goddard

3DRL/2574

Sir Ronald Craufurd Munro Ferguson

3DRL/2632

Sir Leslie James Morshead

3DRL/2773

Maurice Wilder-Neligan

3DRL/2803

William Holmes

3DRL/3250

Terence Patrick McSharry

3DRL/3318

George William Godfrey

3DRL/3328

Additional Papers of Harold Edward Elliott

3DRL/3376

Lord William Riddell Birdwood

3DRL/3467

George Robert Short

3DRL/3520

Arthur William Bazley

3DRL/3623

Geoffrey Gordon McCrae

3DRL/3701(A)

Robert John Allwright Massie

3DRL/6003

Henry Fitzgerald Maudsley

3DRL/6223

Quinton John Hunter

3DRL/6306

Hixon Archibald

3DRL/6395

John Albert Walker

3DRL/6428

John Gotch Ridley

3DRL/6850

Sir Iven Giffard Mackay

PR00264

Joseph Lievesley Beeston

PR00490

John Lelean Cope

PR00753

Harry Andrew Still

PR00917

Ronald Alison McInnis

PR01279

Correspondence between George G. Henderson and Harold Edward Elliott

PR01406

William Booth Long

PR02042

Harry William Lee (father and son)

PR04010

Harold David Hill

PR04612

William Francis Walton

PR83/101

Leslie William Matthews

PR84/201

E. Wilson

PR84/336

Joseph John Booth

PR85/010

Papers Relating to 5th Battalion and 2/5th Battalion

PR85/179

Edmund Harrington Street

PR85/195

Percy George Rupert Parkes

PR85/310

Papers Relating to 15th Battalion

PR85/363

Thomas Steane Louch

PR86/234

Coulter Family

PR86/341

David Temple Palmerston Wilson

PR87/108

Coulter Family

PR87/208

Ernest George Hodge

PR87/215

Papers of 7th Battalion Association

PR88/009

James Murdoch Archer Durrant

PR88/180

Charles Moreland Montague Dare

PR89/037

Walter Hugh Brooksbank

PR89/143

James Campbell Stewart

PR91/120

Arnott Craigmyle Smith

Imperial War Museum, United Kingdom

04/19/1

James Robert Bamford

07/40/1

J. Mitchell

08/10/1

John Gardiner Austin

09/88/1

Stanley Lyndall Milligan

67/14/1

Reginald Henry Gill

98/12/1

Reginald John Kentish

P.399

Alexander Muir McGrigor

National Archives of Australia

A2023

Correspondence Files, Multiple Number Series with ‘A’, ‘B’, ‘D’ or ‘E’ Prefix

B883

Second Australian Imperial Force Personnel Dossiers, 1939–47

B884

Citizen Military Forces Personnel Dossiers, 1939–47

B2455

First Australian Imperial Force Personnel Dossiers, 1914–20

MP367/1

General Correspondence Files

MP390/10

Australian Army Orders, Gazette Notices and Military Board Instructions

The National Archives, United Kingdom

WO 158

War Office: Military Headquarters; Correspondence and Papers, First World War

National Library of Australia

MS1884

Sir John Monash

MS2101

Walter Ramsey McNicoll

MS2823

Sir Keith Arthur Murdoch

Privately held

War Letters of Walter Edmund Hutchinson Cass, used with permission of Diana Cousens

State Library of New South Wales

Am 177

Correspondence Relating to Douglas Gray Marks

MLMSS 0015

William Holmes

MLMSS 720

Eric Susman

MLMSS 807

Henry Gordon Bennett

MLMSS 985

Sydney Bond Young

MLMSS 1493

Archibald Barwick

MLMSS 1713

Alexander Windeyer Ralston

MLMSS 1887

Charles Harold Peters

MLMSS 2739

Sir Charles Rosenthal

MLMSS 2879

Douglas Gray Marks

MLMSS 2931

William Henry Nicholson

MLMSS 3058

Aubrey Roy Liddon Wiltshire

MLMSS 4864

Papers Relating to 33rd Battalion

State Library of Queensland

2885

George Goddard

OM70-43

Frederick William Toll

OM71-28

Frederick William Gadsby Annand

State Library of Tasmania

NS669

Charles Hazell Elliott

NS2861

Reginald Allan Biggs

State Library of Victoria

MS 9609

William Lawes Hawkins

MS 9611

William Edward James

MS 11632

Richard Armstrong Crouch

MS 13100

Richard Armstrong Crouch

MS 14306

James Anderson Kerr Johnston

Government and military publications

Australian Defence Force, Australian Defence Doctrine Publication 00.6: Leadership in the Australian Defence Force, Headquarters, Australian Defence Force, Canberra, 2007.
Australian Imperial Force, Staff and Regimental Lists of Officers, Government Printer, Melbourne, April 1918.
The Defence Act, 1903–1912: Regulations (Provisional) and Standing Orders for the Military Forces of the Commonwealth of Australia, 1908, reprint, embodying amendments made up to Military Order 284/1913, Government Printer, Melbourne, [1913].
General Staff, General Headquarters, British Expeditionary Force, The Division in Attack, 1918 (SS135), revised edition, Army Printing and Stationery Service, France, November 1918.
General Staff, General Headquarters, British Expeditionary Force, Instructions for the Training of Divisions for Offensive Action (SS135), General Staff, London, December 1916.
General Staff, General Headquarters, British Expeditionary Force, Instructions for the Training of Platoons for Offensive Action (SS143), General Staff, London, February 1917.
General Staff, General Headquarters, British Expeditionary Force, Instructions for the Training of the British Armies in France (SS152), General Staff, London, June 1917.
General Staff, General Headquarters, British Expeditionary Force, Organization of the Infantry Battalion (OB/1919), General Staff, France, February 1917.
General Staff, General Headquarters, British Expeditionary Force, The Training and Employment of Divisions (SS135 revised edition), General Staff, London, January 1918.
General Staff, General Headquarters, British Expeditionary Force, The Training and Employment of Grenadiers (CDS74), General Staff, London, 1915.
General Staff, General Headquarters, British Expeditionary Force, Training of Divisions for Offensive Action (SS109), General Staff, London, May 1916.
General Staff, War Office, Field Service Manual, 1914: Infantry Battalion (Expeditionary Force), His Majesty’s Stationery Office, London, 1914.
General Staff, War Office, Field Service Regulations, Part I: Operations, 1909 (Reprinted, with Amendments, 1912), His Majesty’s Stationery Office, London, 1912.
General Staff, War Office, Field Service Regulations, Part II: Organization and Administration, 1909 (Reprinted, with Amendments, 1913), His Majesty’s Stationery Office, London, 1913.
General Staff, War Office, Forward Inter-Communication in Battle (SS148), His Majesty’s Stationery Office, London, March 1917.
General Staff, War Office, Infantry Training (4-Company Organization), 1914, Critchley Parker, Mining Standard, Australia, 1914.
General Staff, War Office, The King’s Regulations and Orders for the Army, 1912, His Majesty’s Stationery Office, London, 1912.
General Staff, War Office, Manual of Military Law, His Majesty’s Stationery Office, London, 1914.
General Staff, War Office, The Normal Formation for the Attack (SS144), His Majesty’s Stationery Office, London, February 1917.
General Staff, War Office, Notes for Infantry Officers on Trench Warfare, His Majesty’s Stationery Office, London, 1916.
General Staff, War Office, Training and Manoeuvre Regulations, 1913, His Majesty’s Stationery Office, London, 1913.
General Staff, War Office, War Establishments, Part I: Expeditionary Force, 1914, His Majesty’s Stationery Office, London, 1914.
House of Commons, Report of the War Office Committee of Enquiry into ‘Shell-Shock’, His Majesty’s Stationery Office, London, 1922.
Inspector General Training, Programme of Training for a Battalion Out of the Line for Ten Days, Training Leaflet No. 2, Army Printing and Stationery Services, France, 1918.
Ninth Infantry Brigade, AIF, Administration of Military Law and Extracts from the Army Act: Ninth Infantry Brigade, A.I.F., Worker Print, Sydney, n.d. [191?].
Senior Officers’ School, Aldershot, Notes for Commanding Officers Issued to Students at the Senior Officers’ School, Aldershot, 1917 (4th Course), Gale & Polden Ltd, Aldershot, 1917.
Senior Officers’ School, Aldershot, Notes for Commanding Officers Issued to Students at the Senior Officers’ School, Aldershot, 1917 (5th Course), Gale & Polden Ltd, Aldershot, 1917.

Newspaper articles

‘A.N.Z. Bank Chief to Retire’, The Sydney Morning Herald (NSW), 10 May 1954, p. 5.
Bean, C.E.W., ‘Major W.J. Sherbon: Distinguished Public Servant Retires after 40 Years’, The Sydney Morning Herald (NSW), 11 August 1931, p. 8.
‘Commanders …’, The Argus (Melbourne, VIC), 1 March 1941, p. 5.
‘Expeditionary Force: Appointment of Officers’, The Ballarat Courier (VIC), 23 September 1914, p. 4.
‘The Expeditionary Force: Selection of Officers’, The Examiner (Launceston, TAS), 23 September 1914, p. 5.
‘The Local Forces: An Unpopular Appointment; To Command of Local Infantry’, The Bunbury Herald (WA), 20 August 1914, p. 5.
‘Military Notes’, The Register (Adelaide, SA), 3 September 1910, p. 5.
‘Military Order General Instructions: Remarks on Drill’, The Daily News (Perth, WA), 17 August 1914, p. 2.
‘Neligan of the Tenth: Romantic Military Figure; Lonely Grave in New Guinea’, The Mail (Adelaide, SA), 23 April 1927, p. 1.
‘Reveille’, ‘Lecture on Discipline and Morale’, Hearth and Homes: Our Defenders, The Mail (Adelaide, SA), 13 December 1913, p. 3.
‘Reveille’, ‘Regulations Revised’, Hearth and Homes: Our Defenders, The Mail (Adelaide, SA), 13 June 1914, p. 5
‘The Second Contingent: Change in Command’, The West Australian (Perth, WA), 15 October 1914, p. 8.
‘Selection of Officers: Board to Be Appointed’, The Daily Herald (Adelaide, SA), 23 September 1914, p. 5.
‘Sen. Bolton’s Fighting Family’, Geelong Advertiser (VIC), 12 May 1917, p. 7.
‘Volunteer Defence Corps: Lt.-Gen. Whitham Commander’, The Argus (Melbourne, VIC), 7 March 1942, p. 3.
‘War News’, The Northern Argus (Clare, SA), 30 October 1914, p. 3.

Secondary Sources

Books

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Angel, J.R., The Australian Club, 1838–1988: The First 150 Years, John Ferguson in association with the Australian Club, Sydney, 1988.
Ashworth, Tony, Trench Warfare, 1914–1918: The Live and Let Live System, Macmillan, London, 1980.
Austin, Ronald J., As Rough as Bags: The History of the 6th Battalion, 1st AIF, 1914–1919, Slouch Hat Publications, McCrae, VIC, 2005.
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Austin, Ronald J., The Fighting Fourth: A History of Sydney’s 4th Battalion, 1914–19, Slouch Hat Publications, McCrae, VIC, 2007.
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Sheffield, Gary, Forgotten Victory: The First World War; Myths and Realities, Review, London, 2002.
Sheffield, Gary, Leadership in the Trenches: Officer–Man Relations, Morale and Discipline in the British Army in the Era of the First World War, Macmillan, Basingstoke, 2000.
Sir Slim, William, Defeat into Victory, Cassell, London, 1956.
Sloan, Hannibal, The Purple and Gold: A History of the 30th Battalion, Naval & Military Press, East Sussex, 2010.
Smith, Neil C., The Red and Black Diamond: The History of the 21st Battalion, 1915–18, Mostly Unsung Military History Research and Publications, Melbourne, 1997.
St Claire, Ross, Our Gift to the Empire: 54th Australian Infantry Battalion, 1916–1919, R. St Clair, The Junction, NSW, 2006.
Stanley, Peter, Bad Characters: Sex, Crime, Mutiny, Murder and the Australian Imperial Force, Pier 9, Sydney, 2010.
Stanley, Peter, Quinn’s Post, Anzac, Gallipoli, Allen & Unwin, Sydney, 2005.
Stevenson, Robert, To Win the Battle: The 1st Australian Division in the Great War, 1914–18, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge and Melbourne, 2013.
Taylor, F.W. and Cusack, T.A., Nulli Secundus: A History of the Second Battalion, A.I.F., 1914–1919, John Burridge Military Antiques, Perth, 1992.
Travers, Tim, How the War Was Won: Command and Technology in the British Army on the Western Front, 1917–1918, Routledge, London, 1992.
Tyquin, Michael, Madness and the Military: Australia’s Experience of the Great War, Australian Military History Publications, Sydney, 2006.
van Creveld, Martin, Command in War, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA, 1985
van Creveld, Martin, Technology and War: From 2000 B.C. to the Present, Collier Macmillan, London, 1989.
Wanliss, Newton, The History of the Fourteenth Battalion, A.I.F.: Being the Story of the Vicissitudes of an Australian Unit during the Great War, Naval & Military Press, East Sussex, 2010 (1929).
Watson, Alexander, Enduring the Great War: Combat, Morale and Collapse in the German and British Armies, 1914–1918, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2009.
White, Thomas A., The Fighting Thirteenth: The History of the Thirteenth Battalion, A.I.F., Naval & Military Press, East Sussex, 2009 (1924).
Williams, Harold Roy, Comrades of the Great Adventure, Angus & Robertson, Sydney, 1935.
Williams, Harold Roy, The Gallant Company: An Australian Soldier’s Story of 1915–18, Angus & Robertson, Sydney, 1933.
Wray, Christopher, Sir James Whiteside McCay: A Turbulent Life, Oxford University Press, Melbourne, 2002.
Wren, Eric, Randwick to Hargicourt: History of the 3rd Battalion, A.I.F., Ronald G. McDonald, Sydney, 1935.
Wrench, C.M., Campaigning with the Fighting 9th (In and Out of the Line with the 9Bn A.I.F.), 1914–1919, Boolarong Publications, Brisbane, 1985.

Chapters, articles and published papers

‘3rd Battalion History: Miniature’, Reveille, 31 December 1930, p. 22.
‘15th Bn. History: Bridging Gaps’, Reveille, 31 December 1931, p. 13.
‘48th Battalion: “Gates of Memory”’, Reveille, 31 January 1931, p. 7.
‘48th Bn. Stalwarts’, Reveille, 1 September 1933, p. 4.
‘Anon’, ‘Infantry Developments’, Mufti, 1 December 1939, p. 15.
‘Assembly’, ‘Lt. Col. Humphrey Scott, D.S.O.’, Celebrities of the A.I.F., no. 16, Reveille, 30 November 1931, pp. 7, 46.
A.W.B., ‘Major-General J.L. Whitham, C.M.G., D.S.O.’, Celebrities of the A.I.F., no. 100, 1 February 1939, pp. 8, 9, 32, 33.
‘Baconstealer’, ‘The Old Brig.’, Celebrities of the A.I.F., no. 36, Reveille, 1 August 1933, pp. 1617.
Barrett, Len and Millar, Ken, ‘Braund and Scobie: 2nd Bn. Giants’, Reveille, 1 October 1933, p. 15.
Bazley, Arthur W., ‘Colonel G.J. Burnage C.B., V.D.’, Celebrities of the A.I.F., no. 108, Reveille, 1 September 1939, pp. 89, 31.
Bazley, Arthur W., ‘Lieut.-Colonel J.H. Peck C.M.G., D.S.O.’, Celebrities of the A.I.F., no. 102, Reveille, 1 April 1939, pp. 14, 56–8.
Bazley, Arthur W., ‘Major-General H. Gordon Bennett C.B., C.M.G., D.S.O., V.D.’, Celebrities of the A.I.F., no. 107, Reveille, 1 August 1939, pp. 89, 30.
Bazley, Arthur W., ‘Major-General J.L. Whitham, C.M.G., D.S.O.’, Celebrities of the A.I.F., no. 100, Reveille, 1 February 1939, pp. 89, 32–3.
Beach, Jim, ‘Issued by the General Staff: Doctrine Writing at British GHQ, 1917–1918’, War in History, vol. 19, no. 4, November 2012, pp. 464–91.
Bean, C.E.W., ‘“Pompey”: A Soldier Passes’, Reveille, 31 March 1931, p. 32.
Bean, C.E.W., ‘Sidelights of the War on Australian Character’, Royal Australian Historical Society, vol. XIII, part IV, 1927, pp. 209–23.
Bean, C.E.W., ‘Unit Commander’s Importance’, Reveille, 1 July 1933, p. 2.
Bean, J.W.B., ‘“Dad” Owen: Instalment III’, Reveille, 1 June 1934, pp. 9, 30–1.
Bean, J.W.B., ‘“Reminiscences” Medical and Otherwise of “The Fighting Third”’, Reveille, 1 April 1934, pp. 36–7, 54.
Benge, D.A., Robertson, J.M. and Stone, G.J., ‘Commanding above the Stress of Battle’, Defence Force Journal, no. 52, May–June 1985, pp. 3142.
Blackham, R.J. and Blake, T.H., ‘The Regimental Medical Officer: His Powers and Duties’, The British Medical Journal, vol. 2, no. 3130, 25 December 1920, pp. 971–3.
Blair, Dale James, ‘An Australian “Officer-Type”? A Demographic Study of the Composition of Officers in the 1st Battalion, First AIF’, Sabretache, vol. XXXIX, March 1998, pp. 21–7.
Boff, Jonathan, ‘Combined Arms during the Hundred Days Campaign, August–November 1918’, War in History, vol. 17, no. 4, November 2010, pp. 459–78.
Brennan, Patrick, ‘Good Men for a Hard Job: Infantry Battalion Commanders in the Canadian Expeditionary Force’, Canadian Army Journal, vol. 9, no. 1, spring 2006, pp. 928.
‘Brig.-Gen. R.L. Leane’, A.I.F. Celebrities, no. 3, Reveille, 31 October 1930, pp. 23.
‘Brigadier-General E.A. Drake-Brockman, C.B., C.M.G., D.S.O., V.D.’, Celebrities of the A.I.F., no. 63, Reveille, 1 November 1935, pp. 89, 15.
Charlton, P., ‘Lieut.-Col. W.J.R. Cheeseman: An Appreciation’, Reveille, 1 July 1938, p. 23.
Coady, C.F., ‘The Whale Oil Guards: A Tribute to the 53rd Battalion, 1st A.I.F.’, Reveille, 1 August 1962, pp. 5, 30–1.
Crawley, Rhys, ‘Supplying the Offensive: The Role of Allied Logistics’, in Ekins, Ashley (ed.), Gallipoli: A Ridge Too Far, Exisle Publishing, Wollombi, NSW, 2013, pp. 254–73.
Crouch, R.A., ‘The Australian Militia’, The Lone Hand, 1 March 1913.
Cunneen, Tony, ‘Slaughter of the Innocents: The Destruction of the 18th Battalion at Gallipoli, August 1915’, Australian Army Journal, vol. 7, no. 2, winter 2010, pp. 115–38.
‘“Dad”: The 3rd’s C.O.’, Reveille, 30 April 1930, p. 15.
‘Death Presentiment: Col. Croshaw’, Reveille, 31 January 1931, p. 6.
‘Diggers Abroad: No. 16’, Reveille, 1 May 1932, p. 31.
Durrant, J.M.A., ‘Discipline of the A.I.F.: Part II’, Reveille, 1 September 1933, pp. 1617, 29.
Ekins, Ashley, ‘Fighting to Exhaustion: Morale, Discipline and Combat Effectiveness in the Armies of 1918’, in Ekins, Ashley (ed.), 1918 Year of Victory: The End of the Great War and the Shaping of History, Exisle Publishing, Wollombi, NSW, 2010, pp. 111–29.
Elliott, H.E., ‘The Battle of Fleurbaix’, Mufti, 1 August 1937, pp. 46.
Ex-Member of the 4th Battalion, AIF, ‘Brigadier-General Iven Giffard Mackay C.M.G., D.S.O., C. de G., B.A.’, Celebrities of the A.I.F., no. 60, Reveille, 1 August 1935, pp. 89.
Ex-Private in 1st Bde, ‘“Pompey’s Mob”: 7th Bn. History’, Reveille, 1 November 1933, p. 4.
Fletcher, Anthony, ‘Patriotism, the Great War and the Decline of Victorian Manliness’, History, vol. 99, no. 334, January 2014, pp. 4072.
Frenchman, C.R., ‘39th Battalion Leaders’, Reveille, 1 September 1933, pp. 45.
Griffith, Paddy, ‘The Extent of Tactical Reform in the British Army’, in Griffith, Paddy (ed.), British Fighting Methods in the Great War, Frank Cass, London, 1996, pp. 122.
Hall, Brian N., ‘The British Army and Wireless Communication, 1896–1918’, War in History, vol. 19, no. 3, July 2012, pp. 290321.
Harris, Paul, ‘The British Expeditionary Force in the Hundred Days’ Campaign: Tactics and Operational Art’, RUSI Journal, vol. 143, no. 6, December 1998, pp. 72–4.
Hart, Peter, ‘Victory in the Air, 1918’, in Ekins, Ashley (ed.), 1918 Year of Victory: The End of the Great War and the Shaping of History, Exisle Publishing, Wollombi, NSW, 2010, pp. 199216.
Sir Hassett, Francis, ‘Military Leadership’, Australian Defence Force Journal, no. 148, May–June 2001, pp. 5364.
Hayward, Joel, ‘Explaining Command’, in Harper, Glyn and Hayward, Joel (eds), Born to Lead? Portraits of New Zealand Commanders, Exisle Publishing, Auckland, 2003, pp. 1526.
Herrod, E.E., ‘Trainers of Anzacs: Braund and Scobie’, Reveille, 31 March 1931, pp. 29, 86.
Herrod, E.E. and Taylor, F.W., ‘Proved Leader: Lt. Col. A.B. Stevens’, Reveille, 31 August 1931, pp. 2, 30.
Hickey, C.E., ‘A Night Attack with the Tanks’, Reveille, 1 November 1933, pp. 2, 30.
Howard, Michael, ‘Leadership in the British Army in the Second World War: Some Personal Observations’, in Sheffield, G.D., Leadership and Command: The Anglo-American Experience since 1861, Brasseys, London, 1997, pp. 117–28.
Illing, H.C., ‘Leadership and the Commanding Officer’, British Army Review, no. 50, August 1975, pp. 42–6.
Imlay, N.G., ‘Without Loss’, Reveille, 1 June 1935, pp. 67, 26–7.
Jones, Edgar, ‘The Psychology of Killing: The Combat Experience of British Soldiers during the First World War’, Journal of Contemporary History, vol. 41, no. 2, April 2006, pp. 229–46.
Lane, D.A., ‘Through It All: 12th Battalion’, Reveille, 31 March 1931, p. 52.
Law, Robert, ‘Gold Medal Essay, 1913–14’, Commonwealth Military Journal, vol. V, April 1914, pp. 243–52.
‘Led Famous 28th’, Reveille, 31 May 1929, p. 19.
‘Lieut.-Col. A.M. Ross C.M.G., D.S.O.’, Reveille, 1 February 1934, p. 17.
‘Lieut.-Col. H.M. Beiers: Notable War Service’, Reveille, 1 April 1940, p. iii.
‘Lieut.-Colonel G.F. Murphy C.M.G., D.S.O.’, Celebrities of the A.I.F., no. 79, Reveille, 1 April 1937, pp. 1416.
‘Lieut.-Colonel J.H. Peck’, Reveille, 1 May 1939, p. 9.
Lindsell, W.G., ‘Administrative Lessons of the Great War’, Journal of the Royal United Service Institution, vol. 71, no. 484, 1926, pp. 712–20.
‘Lt.-Col. Norman Marshall, D.S.O. (2 Bars), M.C.’, Celebrities of the A.I.F., no. 17, Reveille, 31 December 1931, pp. 7, 30–1.
Madigan, Edward, ‘“Sticking to a Hateful Task”: Resilience, Humour, and British Understandings of Combat Courage, 1914–1918’, War in History, vol. 20, no. 1, January 2013, pp. 7698.
Mangan, J.A., ‘“Muscular, Militaristic and Manly”: The Middle-Class Hero as Moral Messenger’, International Journal of the History of Sport, vol. 27, nos. 1–2, January–February 2010, pp. 150–68.
McCarthy, Chris, ‘Queen of the Battlefield: The Development of Command, Organisation and Tactics in the British Infantry Battalion during the Great War’, in Sheffield, Gary and Todman, Dan (eds), Command and Control on the Western Front: The British Army’s Experience, 1914–18, Spellmount, Stroud, 2007, pp. 173–94.
McNicoll, Walter Ramsay, ‘Eerie : Armada’s Approach’, Reveille, 31 March 1931, p. 41.
Millar, Ken, ‘Control over Fear: The Secret of Leadership’, Reveille, 1 April 1936, p. 12.
Murray, H.W., ‘Memories of First Bullecourt’, Reveille, 1 December 1936, pp. 4, 56–9, 63–5.
Murray, H.W., ‘Training Juniors: Field Ranks’, Reveille, 1 June 1933, p. 2.
‘One Who Loves Him’, ‘Mjr.-Gen. Sir John Gellibrand: The “Old Man” of the 6th Brigade; A Very Great Leader’, A.I.F. Celebrities, no. 5, Reveille, 31 December 1930, p. 7.
Orchard, A.A., ‘Lieut.-Colonel L.M. Mullen C.M.G., D.S.O., V.D., C. de G. (Bel.)’, Celebrities of the A.I.F., no. 48, Reveille, 1 August 1934, pp. 89.
Patton, George S. Jr, ‘Mechanized Forces: A Lecture’, Cavalry Journal, vol. 42, no. 179, Sept.–Oct. 1933, pp. 58.
Pedersen, Peter, ‘The AIF on the Western Front: The Role of Training and Command’, in McKernan, M. and Browne, M. (eds), Australia: Two Centuries of War & Peace, Australian War Memorial in association with Allen & Unwin, Canberra, 1988, pp. 167–93.
Pedersen, Peter, ‘Maintaining the Advance: Monash, Battle Procedures and the Australian Corps in 1918’, in Ekins, Ashley (ed.), 1918 Year of Victory: The End of the Great War and the Shaping of History, Exisle Publishing, Wollombi, NSW, 2010, pp. 130–45.
Pegram, Aaron, ‘Informing the Enemy: Australian Prisoners and German Intelligence on the Western Front, 1916–1918’, First World War Studies, vol. 4, issue 2, 2013, pp. 118.
Rhoden, Clare, ‘Another Perspective on Australian Discipline in the Great War: The Egalitarian Bargain’, War in History, vol. 19, no. 4, November 2012, pp. 445–63.
Robertson, J.C., ‘Lieut.-Col. A.G. Salisbury’, Reveille, 1 March 1942, p. 20.
Sampson, Burford, ‘15th Battalion (A.I.F.): Its History’, Reveille, 30 November 1929, pp. 26–7.
Savige, S.G., ‘“A Soldier’s Battle”: Second Bullecourt’, Reveille, 1 May 1933, pp. 7, 32.
Sheffield, Gary, ‘Finest Hour? British Forces on the Western Front in 1918: An Overview’, in Ekins, Ashley (ed.), 1918 Year of Victory: The End of the Great War and the Shaping of History, Exisle Publishing, Wollombi, NSW, 2010, pp. 5468.
Sheffield, Gary, ‘Introduction: Command, Leadership and the Anglo-American Experience’, in Sheffield, G.D. (ed.), Leadership and Command: The Anglo-American Military Experience Since 1861, Brassey’s, London, 1996, pp. 116.
Shillington, J.G., ‘Morale’, Journal of the Royal United Service Institution, vol. XCV, no. 578, February 1950, pp. 96–8.
Simkins, Peter, ‘Co-Stars or Supporting Cast? British Division in the “Hundred Days”, 1918’, in Griffith, Paddy (ed.), British Fighting Methods in the Great War, Frank Cass, London, 1996, pp. 5069.
Simkins, Peter, ‘The Events of the “Last Hundred Days”, 1918’, RUSI Journal, vol. 143, no. 6, December 1998, pp. 80–2.
Simkins, Peter, ‘Somme Reprise: Reflections on the Fighting for Albert and Bapaume, August 1918’, in British Commission for Military History, ‘Look to Your Front’: Studies in the First World War, Spellmount, Staplehurst, 1999, pp. 147–62.
Sloan, Hannibal, ‘History of the 30th Battalion, A.I.F.’, Mufti, 1 October 1936, pp. 45.
Smith, W., ‘Leaves from a Sapper’s Diary: The Battle of Fromelles’, Reveille, 1 July 1936, pp. 45, 14.
Stevenson, E.J., ‘Learning to Lead: A Contextual Model for Educating and Training Leaders’, Australian Defence Force Journal, no. 129, March–April 1998, pp. 3142.
Taylor, Chas C., ‘The Padre’, Reveille, 1 January 1941, pp. 20–1.
Tovell, R.W., ‘The Defence of Hebuterne’, Reveille, 1 April 1934, pp. 32, 50, 52–3.
Wadsworth, W.R., ‘Col. Peck’s Leadership’, Reveille, 1 August 1933, pp. 11, 61.
Wells, T., ‘Lieut.-Col. D.G. Marks D.S.O., M.C.’, Celebrities of the A.I.F., no. 75, Reveille, 1 November 1936, pp. 67.
White, T.A., ‘The Late Col. G.J. Burnage’, Reveille, 1 August 1945, p. 4.
Wilson, B.C., ‘Lt.-Col. O.G. Howell-Price, D.S.O., M.C.’, Celebrities of the A.I.F., no. 27, Reveille, 1 November 1932, pp. 7, 28–9.
Wilson, G.H., ‘Brigadier-General James Heane C.B., C.M.G., D.S.O., V.D., “Cast Iron Jimmy”’, Celebrities of the A.I.F., no. 79, Reveille, 1 March 1937, pp. 68.

Theses and unpublished papers

Campbell, I.T., ‘A Model for Battalion Command: Training and Leadership in the 2nd AIF; A Case Study of Brigadier F.G. Galleghan’, MA thesis, Australian Defence Force Academy, University of New South Wales, 1991.
Faraday, Bruce Douglas, ‘Half the Battle: The Administration and Higher Organization of the AIF, 1914–1918’, PhD thesis, University of New South Wales, 1997.
Garstang, Edward John, ‘Crime and Punishment on the Western Front: The Australian Imperial Force and British Army Discipline’, PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2009.
Hodgkinson, Peter, ‘British Infantry Battalion Commanders in the First World War’, PhD thesis, School of History and Cultures, University of Birmingham, 2013.
Mantle, Craig Leslie, ‘Stripes, Pips and Crowns: A Preliminary Study of Leader–Follower Relations in the Canadian Expeditionary Force during the First World War, 1914–1918’, PhD thesis, Centre for Military and Strategic Studies, University of Calgary, 2013.
Pugsley, Christopher, ‘Haig and the Implementation of Tactical Doctrine on the Western Front’, Sandhurst Occasional Papers no. 8, Central Library, Royal Military Academy, Sandhurst, 2011.
Schneider, Kristin, ‘Observation Post: The Stories of Lieutenant Colonel Charles Denehy, and Men Who Fought in WW1’, unpublished manuscript, privately held.
Westerman, William F., ‘Soldiers and Gentlemen: Australian Battalion Commanders in the Great War, 1914–1918’, PhD thesis, School of Humanities and Social Science, University of New South Wales, 2014.

Internet publications

Higgins, Matthew, ‘Ulrich, Theodore Friederick (1888–1963)’, in Australian Dictionary of Biography, National Centre of Biography, Australian National University, published in hardcopy 1990, viewed 24 July 2014, http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/ulrich-theodore-friederick-8897/text15629.
Hopkins, Ronald, ‘Leane, Sir Raymond Lionel (1878–1962)’, in Australian Dictionary of Biography, National Centre of Biography, Australian National University, published in hardcopy 1986, viewed 24 July 2014, http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/leane-sir-raymond-lionel-7749/text12319.
Manley, R.D., ‘Denton, James Samuel (1875–1963)’, in Australian Dictionary of Biography, National Centre of Biography, Australian National University, published in hardcopy 1981, viewed 23 July 2014, http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/denton-james-samuel-5959/text10167.
Philpott, William, ‘Beyond the “Learning Curve”: The British Army’s Military Transformation in the First World War’, RUSI Analysis, 10 November 2009, viewed 19 August 2014, www.rusi.org/analysis/commentary/ref:C4AF97CF94AC8B/#.U_LT3yjEPww.
Sharp, Ian G., ‘Drake-Brockman, Edmund Alfred (1884–1949)’, in Australian Dictionary of Biography, National Centre of Biography, Australian National University, published in hardcopy 1981, viewed 24 July 2014, http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/drake-brockman-edmund-alfred-6014/text10277.
White, K.R., ‘Imlay, Alexander Peter (1885–1959)’, in Australian Dictionary of Biography, National Centre of Biography, Australian National University, published in hardcopy 1983, viewed 12 September 2014, http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/imlay-alexander-peter-6791/text11745.
Wood, James, ‘Mitchell, John Wesley (Jack) (1891–1969)’, in Australian Dictionary of Biography, National Centre of Biography, Australian National University, published in hardcopy 2000, viewed 24 July 2014, http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/mitchell-john-wesley-jack-11138/text19837.

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