Although the West does not have levels of repression comparable to many other parts of the world, there are increasing restrictions on religious freedom. Most of these stem from increasingly radical forms of secularism combined with a major stress on human autonomy that seeks to exclude religion from public space, and sometimes even social space, and can marginalize conscience and traditional Christian ethics. Among the wide range of Christian responses are four major patterns: litigation and other legal action; politics and lobbying; education and intellectual engagement; shaping culture. Christians take up litigation because many of the religious restrictions come through the courts, and engage in politics because litigation is insufficient. Political engagement reveals that the ideas and assumptions shaping many Western societies are very different from Christian views. Finally, the immanent frame constricting much Western intellectual life shows the need for imaginative and artistic Christian engagement. In most parts of the West, Christians’, and others’, religious freedom is losing ground. The future will depend on Western Christians willingness to live out their faith.