Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t7czq Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-23T04:00:24.799Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Bibliography

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 November 2019

Oya Dursun-Özkanca
Affiliation:
Elizabethtown College, Pennsylvania
Get access

Summary

Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'
Type
Chapter
Information
Turkey–West Relations
The Politics of Intra-alliance Opposition
, pp. 174 - 206
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2019

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Abramowitz, Morton, and Edelman, Eric (Eds.). 2015. “Turkey: An Increasingly Undependable Ally.” Bipartisan Policy Center, April. Available at: https://bipartisanpolicy.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/BPC-Turkey-Alliance.pdf (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Abramowitz, Morton, and Edelman, Eric (Eds.). 2016. “Beyond the Myth of Partnership: Rethinking US Policy toward Turkey.” Bipartisan Policy Center, December. Available at: https://cdn.bipartisanpolicy.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/BPC-Turkey-Partnership-Myth.pdf (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Acheson, Dean. 1969. Present at the Creation: My Years in the State Department. New York: W. W. Norton & Company.Google Scholar
Ackerman, Elliot. 2017. “Turkey Is a Dictatorship Masquerading as a NATO Democracy.” Foreign Policy, March 29. Available at: http://foreignpolicy.com/2017/03/29/the-dictatorship-in-natos-clubhouse-erdogan-kurds-turkey/?utm_source=Sailthru&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=New%20Campaign&utm_term=%2AEditors%20Picks (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Afanasieva, Dasha, and Dziadosz, Alexander. 2014. “Kurdish Convoy Heads to Syria to Take on Islamic State.” Reuters, October 29. Available at: www.reuters.com/article/us-mideast-crisis-peshmerga-idUSKBN0II09X20141029 (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Al Jazeera. 2017. “NATO Countries Could Have Been More Frank.” Video Interview with Turkish Defense Minister Fikri Işık, March 25. Available at: www.aljazeera.com/programmes/talktojazeera/2017/03/fikri-isik-nato-countries-frank-170323122127878.html (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Albert, Eleanor. 2015. “The Shanghai Cooperation Organization.” Council on Foreign Relations, October 14. Available at: www.cfr.org/china/shanghai-cooperation-organization/p10883 (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Albright, Madeleine. 1998. Press Conference by the US Secretary of State, NATO Headquarters, Brussels, December 8. Available at: www.nato.int/docu/speech/1998/s981208x.htm (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Albright, Madeleine K., Hadley, Stephen J., and Cook, Steven A.. 2012. US–Turkey Relations: A New Partnership. New York: Council on Foreign Relations.Google Scholar
Alic, Anes. 2010. “Vying for Influence in the Balkans.” Radio Free Europe, June 2.Google Scholar
Alirıza, Bülent, and Brannen, Samuel J.. 2013. “Turkey Looks to China on Air and Missile Defense?” Center for Strategic and International Studies, October 8. Available at: www.csis.org/analysis/turkey-looks-china-air-and-missile-defense (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Almukhtar, Sarah, and Wallace, Tim. 2015. “Why Turkey Is Fighting the Kurds Who Are Fighting ISIS.” New York Times, August 12.Google Scholar
Altunışık, Meliha Benli. 2013. “The Middle East in Turkey–USA Relations: Managing the Alliance.” Journal of Balkan and Near Eastern Studies 15(2): 157173.Google Scholar
Alves, Ana C. 2014. “Building Soft Power: China’s Positive Economic Statecraft in Africa – Historical Comparisons.” Paper presented at the International Conference China and Africa, Media, Communications and Public Diplomacy, September 10–11, Beijing, China. Available at: www.cmi.no/file/2910-.pdf (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Anadolu Agency. 2012. “Turkey–Albania Trade Volume Not Satisfactory.” April 6. Available at: www.aa.com.tr/en/economy/43978–turkey-albania-trade-volume-not-satisfactory (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Anadolu Agency. 2013. “Balkan Turks to Support Erdogan upon Gezi Park in Gostivar.” June 14. Available at: http://aa.com.tr/en/turkey/balkan-turks-to-support-erdogan-upon-gezi-park-in-gostivar/238534 (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Anderson, Linda. 2017. “Work with Turkey, Don’t Overwhelm It.” US News and World Report, March 9.Google Scholar
Annen, Neils. 2016. Conference Remarks, Conference on Turkey, Middle East Institute. Washington, DC, September 30.Google Scholar
Aras, Bülent. 2017. “Turkish Foreign Policy after July 15.” Istanbul Policy Center, February. Available at: http://ipc.sabanciuniv.edu/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/Turkish-Foreign-Policy-After-July-15_Bulent-Aras.pdf (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Arin, Kubilay. 2014. “The New Turkey: A Rival to the West in the Near East.” E-International Relations. Available at: www.e-ir.info/2014/06/05/the-new-turkey-a-rival-to-the-west-in-the-near-east/ (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Art, Robert J. 2005. “Correspondence: Striking the Balance.” International Security 30(3): 177196.Google Scholar
Athanassopoulou, Ekavi. 1994. “Turkey and the Balkans: The View from Athens.” The International Spectator 29(4): 5564.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Aydın, Mustafa, and Açıkmeşe, Sinem A.. 2007. “Europeanization through EU Conditionality: Understanding the New Era in Turkish Foreign Policy.” Journal of Southern Europe and the Balkans 9(3): 263274.Google Scholar
Aydın-Düzgit, Senem, and Keyman, Fuat E.. 2014. “Democracy Support in Turkey’s Foreign Policy.” Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. Available at: http://carnegieendowment.org/2014/03/25/democracy-support-in-turkey-s-foreign-policy-pub-55096 (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Baczynska, Gabriela. 2017. “EU Ankara Negotiator Calls for Suspension of Turkey Accession Talks.” Reuters, April 26. Available at: www.reuters.com/article/us-turkey-eu-piri-idUSKBN17S0Q7 (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Bağcı, Hüseyin. 2001. “Türkiye ve AGSK: Beklentiler, Endişeler [Turkey and the European Security and Defense Identity: Expectations, Concerns].” In Bal, İdris (Ed.), 21. Yüzyılın Eşiğinde Türk Dış Politikası [Turkish Foreign Policy at the Turn of the 21st Century]. Istanbul: Alfa, pp. 593615.Google Scholar
Bakeer, Ali. 2018. “Impending Sanctions on Iran Will Make Turkey’s Energy Imports More Expensive and Contribute to the Devaluation of the Lira.” Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, June 20. Available at: http://carnegieendowment.org/sada/76644 (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Baldwin, David A. 1985. Economic Statecraft. Princeton: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Barysch, Katinka. 2007. “Turkey’s Role in European Energy Security.” Centre for European Reform Essays. December. Available at: www.cer.org.uk/sites/default/files/publications/attachments/pdf/2011/essay_turkey_energy_12dec07-1381.pdf (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Barysch, Katinka. 2010. “Turkey and the EU: Can Stalemate Be Avoided?” Centre for European Reform, Policy Brief, December.Google Scholar
Barysch, Katinka. 2011. “Why the EU and Turkey Need to Coordinate Their Foreign Policies.” Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. August 31. Available at: https://carnegieendowment.org/2011/08/31/why-eu-and-turkey-need-to-coordinate-their-foreign-policies-pub-45452 (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Batalla-Adam, Laura. 2012. “Turkey’s Foreign Policy in the AKP Era: Has There Been an Axis Shift?Turkish Policy Quarterly 11(3): 139148.Google Scholar
BBC. 2016. “Turkey’s Erdogan Criticises EU over Syria Refugee Deal.” July 26. Available at: www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-36892393 (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
BBC. 2019. “Turkey’s Economy Slides into Recession.” March 11. Available at: www.bbc.com/news/business-47522338 (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Bechev, Dimitar. 2012. “Turkey in the Balkans: Taking a Broader View.” Insight Turkey 14(1): 131146.Google Scholar
Bechev, Dimitar. 2017. “Southeast Europe.” In Stang, Gerald (Ed.), Securing the Energy Union: Five Pillars and Five Regions. Paris: EU Institute for Security Studies, pp. 1116.Google Scholar
Beesley, Arthur. 2017. “Brussels Pressed to Rethink Turkey Ties.” Financial Times, April 24.Google Scholar
Bekdil, Burak E. 2017. “Turkey Aims to Produce Long-Range Missiles.” DefenseNews, February 6. Available at: www.defensenews.com/articles/turkey-aims-to-produce-long-range-missiles (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Bernd, Riegert. 2016. “NATO and Turkey: Allies, Not Friends.” Deutsche Welle, August 2. Available at: www.dw.com/en/nato-and-turkey-allies-not-friends/a-19444991 (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Bershidsky, Leonid. 2017. “Turkey’s Troubled NATO Status.” Bloomberg, March 14. Available at: www.bloomberg.com/view/articles/2017-03-14/turkey-s-nato-status-grows-more-troubled (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Bertrand, Natasha. 2016. “NATO’s Second Largest Military Power Is Threatening a Dramatic Pivot to Russia and China.” Business Insider, November 22. Available at: www.businessinsider.com/turkey-russia-china-shanghai-cooperation-organization-2016-11 (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Bilgesam. 2014. “Balkanlar ve Turkiye” [Balkans and Turkey], Report No. 64, December, Istanbul.Google Scholar
Bilgin, Pınar. 2003. “The Peculiarity of Turkey’s Position in EU/NATO Military/Security Cooperation: A Rejoinder to Missiroli.” Security Dialogue 34(3): 345349.Google Scholar
Bislimi, Faton. 2011. “EU Foreign Policy towards Balkans: An Opportunity or a Challenge.” In Yenigün, Cüneyt and Gjana, Ferdinand (Eds.), Balkans: Foreign Affairs, Politics, and Socio-Cultures. Tirana: Epoka University Publications, pp. 597617.Google Scholar
Bonsey, Noah. 2017. “What’s at Stake in the Syrian Peace Talks in Astana?” International Crisis Group, January 24. Available at: www.crisisgroup.org/middle-east-north-africa/eastern-mediterranean/syria/what-stake-syrian-peace-talks-astana (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Bozkır, Volkan. 2016. Conference Remarks, Conference on Turkey, Middle East Institute. Washington DC, September 30.Google Scholar
Bölükbaşı, Süha. 1988. The Superpowers and the Third World: Turkish-American Relations and Cyprus. London: University Press of America.Google Scholar
Börzel, Tanja A. 2002. “Member State Responses to Europeanization.” JCMS: Journal of Common Market Studies 40(2): 193214.Google Scholar
Börzel, Tanja A., and Risse, Thomas. 2007. “Europeanization: The Domestic Impact of European Union Politics.” In Jørgensen, Knud Erik, Pollack, Mark, and Rosamond, Ben (Eds.), The Handbook of European Union Politics. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, pp. 483504.Google Scholar
Bremmer, Ian. 2017a. “Donald Trump’s New World Order Puts Nation over Globe.” Time, January 12. Available at: http://time.com/4632670/donald-trump-new-world-order/ (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Bremmer, Ian. 2017b. “The Wave to Come.” Time, May 11. Available at: http://time.com/4775441/the-wave-to-come/ (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Brljavać, Bedrudin. 2011. “Turkey Entering the European Union through the Balkan Doors: In the Style of a Great Power?Romanian Journal of European Affairs 48(3): 521531.Google Scholar
Brooks, Stephen G., and Wohlforth, William C.. 2005. “Hard Times for Soft Balancing.” International Security 30(1): 72108.Google Scholar
Bugajski, Janusz, and Conley, Heather A.. 2011. “A New Transatlantic Approach for the Western Balkans: Time for a Change in Serbia, Kosova, and Bosnia-Herzegovina.” Center for Strategic and International Studies, November. Available at: http://csis.org/files/publication/111110_Bugajski_TransatlanticApproach_web.pdf (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Bump, Philip. 2017. “Was Erdogan Personally Involved in His Bodyguards’ Attacks on Protesters in DC?” The Washington Post, May 16. Available at: www.washingtonpost.com/news/politics/wp/2017/05/19/was-erdogan-personally-involved-in-his-bodyguards-attacks-on-protesters-in-d-c/?utm_term=.33b9d0a9f2c5 (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Burwell, Frances G. 2008. “Rebuilding US–Turkey Relations in a Transatlantic Context.” In Burwell, Frances G. (Ed.), The Evolution of US–Turkish Relations in a Transatlantic Context. Carlisle, PA: Strategic Studies Institute, pp. 128.Google Scholar
Büyük, Hamdi Fırat. 2016. “Turkey’s ‘Soft Power’ Risks Backfiring in Balkan.” BalkanInsight, February 26. Available at: www.balkaninsight.com/en/article/turkey-s-soft-power-risks-backfiring-in-balkans-02-25-2016 (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Cain, Phil. 2010. “The Limits of Turkey’s Balkans Diplomacy.” World Politics Review, November 10.Google Scholar
Cantir, Christian, and Kennedy, Ryan. 2015. “Balancing on the Shoulders of Giants: Moldova’s Foreign Policy toward Russia and the European Union.” Foreign Policy Analysis 11(4): 397416.Google Scholar
Capie, David. 2004. “Between a Hegemon and a Hard Place: The ‘War on Terror’ and Southeast Asian–US Relations.” Pacific Review 17(2): 223248.Google Scholar
Capoccia, Giovanni, and Kelemen, Daniel R.. 2007. “The Study of Critical Junctures: Theory, Narrative, and Counterfactuals in Historical Institutionalism.” World Politics 59(3): 341369.Google Scholar
Catalinac, Amy L. 2010. “Why New Zealand Took Itself out of ANZUS: Observing ‘Opposition for Autonomy’ in Asymmetric Alliances.” Foreign Policy Analysis 6(4): 317338.Google Scholar
Checkel, Jeffrey T. 2008. “Process Tracing.” In Klotz, Audie and Prakash, Deepa (Eds.), Qualitative Methods in International Relations. London: Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 114127.Google Scholar
Chulkovskaya, Yekaterina. 2017. “Will Turkey Leave NATO?” Al-Monitor, January 9. Available at: www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2017/01/russia-turkey-erdogan-putin-membership-shanghai-sco-eu.html (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Chulov, Martin, Letsch, Constanze, and Hawramy, Fazel. 2014. “Turkey to Allow Kurdish Peshmerga across Its Territory to Fight in Kobani.” The Guardian, October 20.Google Scholar
Chung, Jaewook. 2016. “Capability Change, Economic Dependence and Alliance Termination.” The Korean Journal of International Studies 14(2): 209240.Google Scholar
Cockburn, Patrick. 2014. “ISIS in Kobani: Turkey’s Act of Abandonment May Mark an ‘Irrevocable Breach’ with Kurds across the Region.” The Independent, October 7.Google Scholar
Cook, Steven A. 2018. “We Wanted Turkey to Be a Partner: It Was Never Going to Work.” The Washington Post, August 17. Available at: www.washingtonpost.com/outlook/turkey-is-an-overrated-american-ally/2018/08/17/652ce464-a18a-11e8-93e3-24d1703d2a7a_story.html?utm_term=.e698d0bbc25e (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Cornell, Svante, Knaus, Gerald, and Scheich, Manfred. 2012. “Dealing with a Rising Power: Turkey’s Transformation and Its Implications for the EU.” Centre for European Studies, Brussels. Available at: www.martenscentre.eu/sites/default/files/publication-files/livret-ces-turkey.pdf (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Council of Europe. 2017. “110th Plenary – Turkey – Proposed Constitutional Amendments ‘Dangerous Step Backwards’ for Democracy.” Venice Commission, March 10. Available at: www.venice.coe.int/webforms/events/?id=2369 (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Cunningham, Erin. 2018. “US Pastor Andrew Brunson Leaves Turkey after Being Detained for Two Years.” The Washington Post, October 12. Available at: www.washingtonpost.com/world/middle_east/turkish-court-orders-release-of-us-pastor-andrew-brunson/2018/10/12/a793df78-ccbf-11e8-ad0a-0e01efba3cc1_story.html?utm_term=.3ccede2fb628 (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Cupolo, Diego. 2018. “Turkey’s Dangerous Game of ‘Hostage Diplomacy.’” The Atlantic, May 6. Available at: www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2018/05/turkey-andrew-brunson-erdogan-coup-gulen-kurds/559748/ (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Çağaptay, Soner. 2015. “Is the US–Turkey Relationship Crumbling?” The Washington Institute, PolicyWatch 2367, February 5. Available at: www.washingtoninstitute.org/policy-analysis/view/is-the-u.s.-turkey-relationship-crumbling (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Çakır, Mustafa. 2014. “An Economic Analysis of the Relationship between Turkey and the Balkan Countries.” Adam Akademi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 4(2): 7786.Google Scholar
Çandar, Cengiz. 2016. “Is the EU Really Ready to Commit to Turkey?” Al-Monitor, March 13. Available at: www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2016/03/turkey-european-union-refugee-deal-tango-partners.html (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Çavuşoğlu, Mevlüt. 2018. “America Has Chosen the Wrong Partner.” New York Times, January 18. Available at: www.nytimes.com/2018/01/28/opinion/us-turkey-syria-allies.html (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Çayhan, Esra. 2003. “Towards a European Security and Defense Policy: With or without Turkey?Turkish Studies 4(1): 3554.Google Scholar
Çeviköz, Ünal. 2016. “Could Turkey Become a New Energy Trade Hub in South East Europe?Turkish Policy Quarterly 15(3): 6776.Google Scholar
Dağı, İhsan. 2014. Speech Transcript, “Turkey: An Emerging Power in a Changing Middle East” Conference, Council on Foreign Relations, Istanbul, June 18. Available at: www.cfr.org/projects/world/turkey-an-emerging-power-in-a-changing-middle-east/pr1685 (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Daily Sabah. 2016. “Turkey to Chair 2017 Energy Club of Shanghai Cooperation Organization.” November 23. Available at: www.dailysabah.com/energy/2016/11/23/turkey-to-chair-2017-energy-club-of-shanghai-cooperation-organization (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Daily Sabah. 2017. “We May Cancel Turkey-EU Refugee Deal, Foreign Minister Çavuşoğlu Says.” March 15. Available at: www.dailysabah.com/diplomacy/2017/03/15/we-may-cancel-turkey-eu-refugee-deal-foreign-minister-cavusoglu-says (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Daily Sabah. 2018. “TANAP, TAP Pipelines Interconnect at Turkey–Greece Border.” November 21. Available at: www.dailysabah.com/energy/2018/11/22/tanap-tap-pipelines-interconnect-at-turkey-greece-border (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Daily Sabah. 2019. “Turkey, EU Look to Further Harness Growing Economic Cooperation.” February 28. Available at: www.dailysabah.com/economy/2019/02/28/turkey-eu-look-to-further-harness-growing-economic-cooperation (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Dalay, Galip. 2017. “Turkey’s Unpalatable Choices in Syria.” German Marshall Fund of the United States, March 7. Available at: www.gmfus.org/publications/turkeys-unpalatable-choices-syria (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Danforth, Nick. 2014. “The Empire Strikes Back.” Foreign Policy, March 27.Google Scholar
Danopoulos, Constantine. 1997. “Turkey and the Balkans: Searching for Stability.” In Danopoulos, Constantine P. and Messas, Kostas G. (Eds.), Crises in the Balkans: Views from the Participants. Oxford: Westview Press, pp. 211224.Google Scholar
Davutoğlu, Ahmet. 1994. “The Clash of Interests: An Explanation of the World (Dis)Order.” Intellectual Discourse 2(2): 107130.Google Scholar
Davutoğlu, Ahmet. 2001. Stratejik Derinlik [Strategic Depth]. Istanbul: Küre Publishers.Google Scholar
Davutoğlu, Ahmet. 2008. “Turkey’s Foreign Policy Vision: An Assessment of 2007.” Insight Turkey 10(1): 7796.Google Scholar
Davutoğlu, Ahmet. 2009. Address delivered at the opening ceremony of the Ottoman Legacy and Balkan Muslim Communities Today Conference, Conference Proceedings, Sarajevo, October 16, pp. 1319. Available at: http://cns.ba/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/osmansko-naslijede-i-muslimanske-zajednice-Balkana-danas-zbornik-radova.pdf (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Davutoğlu, Ahmet. 2010. “Turkish Foreign Policy and the EU in 2010.” Turkish Policy Quarterly 8(3): 1117.Google Scholar
De Luce, Dan, and Paul, McLeary. 2017. “Trump to Tell Turkey: We Are Going to Take Raqqa with the Kurds.” Foreign Policy, May 5.Google Scholar
Demirtaş, Birgül. 2015. “Turkish Foreign Policy towards the Balkans: A Europeanized Foreign Policy in a De-Europeanized National Context?Journal of Balkan and Near Eastern Studies 17(2): 123140.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dempsey, Judy. 2014. “Europe’s Energy Strategy and South Stream’s Demise.” Carnegie Europe, December 4. Available at: http://carnegieeurope.eu/strategiceurope/?fa=57386 (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Dempsey, Judy. 2015. “Judy Asks: Is the EU Selling out to Turkey?” Carnegie Europe, December 2. Available at: http://carnegieeurope.eu/strategiceurope/?fa=62155 (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Deutsche Welle. 2017. “German Military Leaves Turkey’s Incirlik Airbase.” September 28. Available at: www.dw.com/en/german-military-leaves-turkeys-incirlik-airbase/a-40717584 (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Deutsche Welle. 2019. “European Parliament Votes to Suspend Turkey’s EU Membership Bid.” March 13. Available at: www.dw.com/en/european-parliament-votes-to-suspend-turkeys-eu-membership-bid/a-47902275 (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
DeYoung, Karen. 2019. “US Suspends Turkey’s Participation in F-35 Fighter Program over Ankara’s Purchase of Russian System.” Washington Post, April 1. Available at: www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/us-suspends-turkeys-participation-in-f-35-fighter-program-over-ankaras-purchase-of-russian-system/2019/04/01/c38a16be-54b6-11e9-8ef3-fbd41a2ce4d5_story.html?utm_term=.e7d5d08a9337 (accessed April 1, 2019).Google Scholar
Dimitriadi, Angeliki. 2016. “Deals without Borders: EU’s Foreign Policy on Migration.” European Council on Foreign Relations Policy Brief, April 4. Available at: www.ecfr.eu/page/-/ECFR-165-DEALS_WITHOUT_BORDERS.pdf (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Dombey, Daniel. 2010. “Obama Warns Turkey on Iran and Israel.” Financial Times, August 15.Google Scholar
Duke, Simon. 2008. “The Future of EU–NATO Relations: A Case of Mutual Irrelevance through Competition.” Journal of European Integration 3(1): 2743.Google Scholar
Dursun-Özkanca, Oya. 2008. “Turkey and the EU: Implications of Membership Scenarios on Transatlantic Security Relations.” In Biscop, Sven and Lembke, Johan (Eds.), EU Enlargement and the Transatlantic Alliance: A Security Relationship in Flux. London: Lynne Rienner, pp. 119136.Google Scholar
Dursun-Özkanca, Oya. 2010. “Turkey’s Neo-Ottomanism in the Balkans.” Prishtina Insight, September 3.Google Scholar
Dursun-Özkanca, Oya. 2016. “Turkey and the European Union: Strategic Partners or Competitors in the Western Balkans?Journal of Regional Security 11(1): 3354.Google Scholar
Dursun-Özkanca, Oya. 2017. “Turkish Soft Balancing against the EU? An Analysis of the Prospects for Improved Transatlantic Security Relations.” Foreign Policy Analysis 13(4): 894912.Google Scholar
Ekinci, Didem. 2013. “Balkan Energy Networks and Turkey: Pitfalls and Opportunities within the European Context.” In Mulalić, Muhidin, Korkut, Hasan, and Nuroğlu, Elif (Eds.), Turkish-Balkans Relations: The Future Prospects of Cultural, Political and Economic Transformations and Relations. Istanbul: Tasam Yayinlari.Google Scholar
Ekinci, Mehmet Uğur. 2014. “A Golden Age of Relations: Turkey and the Western Balkans During the AK Party Period.” Insight Turkey 16(1): 103125.Google Scholar
Emmott, Robin. 2016. “Exclusive: Turkey Purges NATO Military Envoys after Failed Coup.” Reuters, October 12. Available at: www.reuters.com/article/us-turkey-nato-exclusive-idUSKCN12C16Q (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Energy Community. 2015. “Energy Governance in Turkey.” October. Available at: www.energy-community.org/portal/page/portal/ENC_HOME/DOCS/3894261/25824B882CF017E0E053C92FA8C0EE59.PDF (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Eralp, Atila. 2009. “Temporality, Cyprus Problem and Turkey–EU Relationship.” EDAM Discussion Paper Series 2, July.Google Scholar
Eralp, Doğa Ulaş. 2010. “Turkey and Bosnia-Herzegovina: A Future Reflecting on the Past.” SETA Policy Brief 46, August.Google Scholar
Erbach, Gregor. 2015. “Energy Union: New Impetus for Coordination and Integration of Energy Policies in the EU.” European Parliamentary Research Service Briefing, PE 551.310, March 5. Available at: www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/etudes/BRIE/2015/551310/EPRS_BRI(2015)551310_EN.pdf (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Erdemir, Aykan. 2017. Conference Remarks, “What Is the Future of EU–Turkey Relations” Conference. Wilson Center, Washington DC, April 24.Google Scholar
Erdemir, Aykan, and Edelman, Eric S.. 2018. “Erdogan’s Hostage Diplomacy.” Foundation for Defense of Democracies, May 31. Available at: www.fdd.org/analysis/2018/05/31/erdogans-hostage-diplomacy-western-nationals-in-turkish-prisons/ (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Erdemir, Aykan, and Tahiroğlu, Merve. 2018. “Trump Waives Iran Sanctions for Turkey.” Foreign Policy, November 12. Available at: https://foreignpolicy.com/2018/11/12/trump-waives-iran-sanctions-for-turkey/ (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Erdoğan, Emre. 2017. “Presidential Referendum: A Pivotal Moment in Turkey’s Prolonged Election Cycle.” German Marshall Fund of the United States, April 13. Available at: www.gmfus.org/publications/presidential-referendum-pivotal-moment-turkeys-prolonged-election-cycle (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Erdoğan, Recep Tayyip. 2018. “Erdogan: How Turkey Sees the Crisis with the U.S.” New York Times, August 10. Available at: www.nytimes.com/2018/08/10/opinion/turkey-erdogan-trump-crisis-sanctions.html (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Erkuş, Sevil. 2019. “Turkey Sticks to S-400 Deal Despite Pressure.” Hürriyet Daily News, February 21. Available at: www.hurriyetdailynews.com/turkey-sticks-to-s-400-deal-despite-us-pressure-141375 (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Eroğlu, Zehra. 2005. “Turkish Foreign Policy towards the Balkans in the Post-Cold War Era.” Unpublished Master’s Thesis, Middle Eastern Technical University, April.Google Scholar
European Stability Initiative. 2017. The Chapter Illusion: For Honesty and Clarity in EU–Turkey Relations. May 15, Berlin. Available at: www.esiweb.org/pdf/ESI%20-%20The%20Turkey%20chapter%20illusion%20-%2015%20May%202017.pdf (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
EurActiv.com. 2009. “NATO ‘Alarmed’ by Lack of Cooperation with EU.” September 18.Google Scholar
EurActiv.com. 2016. “Erdogan to Meet Putin for a ‘New Beginning.’” August 8. Available at: www.euractiv.com/section/global-europe/news/erdogan-to-meet-putin-for-a-new-beginning/ (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Euronews. 2015. “Interview with Didier Billion about Turkey’s Future in Europe.” October 26. Available at: www.euronews.com/2015/10/26/interview-with-didier-billion-irisabout-turkey-s-future-in-europe (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
European Commission. 2009. Turkey Progress Report 2009, Brussels, October 14. Available at: http://ec.europa.eu/enlargement/pdf/key_documents/2009/tr_rapport_2009_en.pdf (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
European Commission. 2012a. “Proposal for a Council Decision concerning the Conclusion of the Agreement between the European Union and the Republic of Turkey on the Readmission of Persons Residing without Authorisation.” COM (2012) 239 Final, Brussels, June 22. Available at: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=COM:2012:0239:FIN:EN:PDF (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
European Commission. 2012b. “Positive EU–Turkey Agenda Launched in Ankara.” Memo/12/359, Brussels, May 17. Available at: http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_MEMO-12–359_en.htm (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
European Commission. 2015a. “Press Release: EU–Turkey Joint Action Plan.” Brussels, October 15. Available at: http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_MEMO-15–5860_en.htm (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
European Commission. 2015b. “Meeting of Heads of State or Government with Turkey: EU–Turkey Statement.” Brussels, November 29. Available at: http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_STATEMENT-15–6194_en.htm (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
European Commission. 2015c. “Energy Union: Secure, Sustainable, Competitive, Affordable Energy for Every European.” Press Release, Brussels, February 25. Available at: http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_IP-15–4497_en.htm (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
European Commission. 2016a. “Impact Assessment: Recommendation for a Council Decision Authorising the Opening of Negotiations with Turkey on an Agreement on the Extension of the Scope of the Bilateral Preferential Trade Relationship and on the Modernisation of the Customs Union.” SWD (2016) 475 Final, Brussels, December 21. Available at: http://ec.europa.eu/smart-regulation/impact/ia_carried_out/docs/ia_2016/swd_2016_0475_en.pdf (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
European Commission. 2016b. “EU and Turkey Strengthen Energy Ties.” January 28. Available at: http://ec.europa.eu/energy/en/news/eu-and-turkey-strengthen-energy-ties (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
European Commission. 2017a. “Fifth Report on the Progress Made in the Implementation of the EU–Turkey Statement.” Report from the Commission to the European Parliament, the European Council and the Council. COM (2017) 204 Final. Brussels, March 2. Available at: https://ec.europa.eu/home-affairs/sites/homeaffairs/files/what-we-do/policies/european-agenda-migration/20170302_fifth_report_on_the_progress_made_in_the_implementation_of_the_eu-turkey_statement_en.pdf (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
European Commission. 2017b. “Connecting Europe Facility.” Innovation and Networks Executive Agency. Available at: https://ec.europa.eu/inea/en/connecting-europe-facility (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
European Commission. 2017c. “Joint Statement by High Representative/Vice-President Federica Mogherini and Commissioner Johannes Hahn on the Venice Commission’s Opinion on the Amendments to the Constitution of Turkey and Recent Events.” Brussels, March 13. Available at: http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_STATEMENT-17–588_en.htm (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
European Commission. 2018a. “A Credible Enlargement Perspective for and Enhanced EU Engagement with the Western Balkans.” Strasbourg, February 6. Available at: https://ec.europa.eu/commission/sites/beta-political/files/communication-credible-enlargement-perspective-western-balkans_en.pdf (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
European Commission. 2018b. “Progress Report on the Implementation of the European Agenda on Migration.” Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the European Council and the Council. COM (2018) 250 Final. Brussels, March 14. Available at: https://ec.europa.eu/neighbourhood-enlargement/sites/near/files/com_2018_250_f1_communication_from_commission_to_inst_en_v10_p1_969116.pdf (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
European Commission. 2019a. “Turkey: European Civil Protection and Humanitarian Aid Operations.” Brussels, March 11. Available at: https://ec.europa.eu/echo/where/europe/turkey_en (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
European Commission. 2019b. “Trade: Turkey.” Brussels, February 15. Available at: http://ec.europa.eu/trade/policy/countries-and-regions/countries/turkey/ (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
European Council. 2000. Presidency Conclusions, Annex VI: ESDP, Paragraph 3, Nice, December 7–9. Available at: www.consilium.europa.eu/ueDocs/cms_Data/docs/pressData/en/ec/00400-r1.%20ann.en0.htm (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
European Council. 2002a. Presidency Conclusions, Annex II: ESDP: Implementation of the Nice Provisions on the Involvement of the Non-EU European Allies, Brussels, October 24–25.Google Scholar
European Council. 2002b. Presidency Conclusions, Annex II, Paragraph 3, Copenhagen, December 12–13.Google Scholar
European Council, 2004a. Presidency Conclusions, Brussels, June 17–18.Google Scholar
European Council, 2004b. Joint Action on the Establishment of the European Defence Agency, 2004/551/CFSP, Brussels, July 12.Google Scholar
European Council. 2009. PMG Recommendations on Concrete Measures to Improve EU–NATO Cooperation, 17344/09, Annex, Brussels, December 8.Google Scholar
European Council. 2015. “Meeting of Heads of State or Government with Turkey – EU–Turkey Statement.” Brussels, November 29. Available at: www.consilium.europa.eu/en/press/press-releases/2015/11/29-eu-turkey-meeting-statement/ (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
European Council. 2016. “EU–Turkey Statement.” Press Release 144/16, Brussels, March 18. Available at: www.consilium.europa.eu/press-releases-pdf/2016/3/40802210113_en.pdf (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
European Council. 2018. “Council Decisions on Enlargement and Stabilisation and Association Process.” Annex 10555/18, Brussels, June 26. Available at: www.consilium.europa.eu/media/35863/st10555-en18.pdf (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
European Council. 2019. “Press Statement Following the 54th Meeting of the Association Council Between the European Union and Turkey,” Brussels, March 15. Available at: www.consilium.europa.eu/en/press/press-releases/2019/03/15/press-statement-following-the-54th-meeting-of-the-association-council-between-the-european-union-and-turkey-brussels-15-march-2019/ (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
European External Action Service. 2016. EU–NATO Cooperation. Available at: https://eeas.europa.eu/sites/eeas/files/eu_nato_factsheet-final.pdf (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
European Parliament. 2016. “Visa Liberalisation for Turkey: EU Criteria Must Be Met, Say MEPs.” Justice and Home Affairs Press Release. Brussels, May 10. Available at: www.europarl.europa.eu/news/en/news-room/20160509IPR26368/visa-liberalisation-for-turkey-eu-criteria-must-be-met-say-meps (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
European Parliament. 2019. “European Parliament Resolution of 13 March 2019 on the 2018 Commission Report on Turkey.” Strasbourg, March 13. Available at: www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?type=TA&reference=P8-TA-2019–0200&format=XML&language=EN (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
F-35.com. 2019. “Turkey: Building on Decades of Partnership.” Available at: www.f35.com/global/participation/turkey (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Fearon, James D. 1994. “Signaling versus the Balance of Power and Interests: An Empirical Test of a Crisis Bargaining Model.” Journal of Conflict Resolution 38(2): 236269.Google Scholar
Fearon, James D. 1995. “Rationalist Explanations for War.” International Organization 49(3): 379414.Google Scholar
Fearon, James D. 1997. “Signaling Foreign Policy Interests: Tying Hands versus Sinking Costs.” The Journal of Conflict Resolution 41(1): 6890.Google Scholar
Ferguson, Chaka. 2012. “The Strategic Use of Soft Balancing: The Normative Dimensions of the Chinese-Russian ‘Strategic Partnership.’The Journal of Strategic Studies 35(2): 197222.Google Scholar
Fischer, Severin. 2016. “Turkey and the Energy Transit Question.” Carnegie Europe. August 23. Available at: http://carnegieeurope.eu/strategiceurope/64382 (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Flemes, Daniel, and Wehner, Leslie. 2015. “Drivers of Strategic Contestation: The Case of South America.” International Politics 52(2): 162177.Google Scholar
Fortmann, Michel, Paul, T. V., and Wirtz, James J.. 2004. “Conclusions: Balance of Power at the Turn of the New Century.” In Paul, T. V., Wirtz, James J., and Fortmann, Michel (Eds.), Balance of Power: Theory and Practice in the 21st Century. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, pp. 360374.Google Scholar
France24.com. 2018. “Syria: The Astana Peace Process.” September 5. Available at: www.france24.com/en/20180905-syria-astana-peace-process (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Friedman, Max P., and Long, Tom. 2015. “Soft Balancing in the Americas: Latin American Opposition to US Intervention, 1989–1936.” International Security 40(1): 120156.Google Scholar
Gall, Carlotta. 2018. “US and Turkey Agrees on Kurds’ Withdrawal from Syrian Town.” New York Times, June 4. Available at: www.nytimes.com/2018/06/04/world/middleeast/turkey-syria-kurds-manbij.html (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Galves DeRolle, Patricia. 2015. “What Does It Mean to Be an Emerging Power?” Modern Diplomacy, May 3. Available at: https://moderndiplomacy.eu/2015/05/03/what-does-it-mean-to-be-an-emerging-power/ (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Garamone, Jim. 2018. “President Signs Fiscal 2019 Defense Authorization Act at Fort Drum Ceremony.” US Department of Defense News, August 13. Available at: https://dod.defense.gov/News/Article/Article/1601016/president-signs-fiscal-2019-defense-authorization-act-at-fort-drum-ceremony/ (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Gauthier-Villars, David. 2018. “Turkey’s Erdogan Says He’ll Defy US Sanctions on Iran.” Wall Street Journal, November 6. Available at: www.wsj.com/articles/turkeys-erdogan-says-hell-defy-u-s-sanctions-on-iran-1541538429 (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
George, Alexander L., and Bennett, Andrew. 2005. Case Studies and Theory Development in Social Sciences. Boston: MIT Press.Google Scholar
Gibson, Tom. 2019. “CPJ Joins Call for Turkey to Release Jailed Journalists.” The Committee to Protect Journalists, February 14. Available at: https://cpj.org/blog/2019/02/eu-turkey-release-jailed-journalists.php (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Gotev, Georgi. 2016. “Gazprom Revives ‘Poseidon’ Adriatic Link.” EurActiv.com, February 26. Available at: www.euractiv.com/section/energy/news/gazprom-revives-poseidon-adriatic-link/ (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Göl, Ayla. 2013. Turkey Facing East: Islam, Modernity, and Foreign Policy. Manchester: Manchester University Press.Google Scholar
Greenhill, Kelly M. 2011. Weapons of Mass Migration: Forced Displacement, Coercion, and Foreign Policy. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Grieco, Joseph M. 1988. “Anarchy and the Limits of Cooperation: A Realist Critique of the Newest Liberal Institutionalism.” International Organization 42(3): 485507.Google Scholar
Gurbanov, Ilgar. 2015. “Repercussions of Turkish Stream for the Southern Gas Corridor: Russia’s New Gas Strategy.” Naturalgaseurope.com, April 16. Available at: www.naturalgaseurope.com/analysis-turkish-streamsouthern-gas-corridor-russia-gas-strategy-23199 (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Gümrükçü, Tuvan, and Toksabay, Ece. 2017. “Turkey, Russia Signed Deal on Supply of S-400 Missiles.” Reuters, December 29. Available at: www.reuters.com/article/us-russia-turkey-missiles/turkey-russia-sign-deal-on-supply-of-s-400-missiles-idUSKBN1EN0T5 (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Güney, Aylin. 2008. “Anti-Americanism in Turkey: Past and Present.” Middle Eastern Studies 44(3): 471487.Google Scholar
Hakura, Fadi. 2018a. “The West Cannot Afford Losing Turkey to Russia and Iran.” CNN.com, August 14. Available at: www.cnn.com/2018/08/14/opinions/west-losing-turkey-opinion-intl/index.html (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Hakura, Fadi. 2018b. “EU–Turkey Customs Union: Prospects for Modernization and Lessons for Brexit.” Chatham House, December. Available at: www.chathamhouse.org/sites/default/files/publications/research/2018–12-12-eu-turkey-customs-union-hakura.pdf (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Hale, William. 2013. Turkish Foreign Policy since 1774. 3rd Edition. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Han, Ahmet K., and Özkan, Behlül. 2017. “Turkey’s Euphrates Shield: Mission Creep?” German Marshall Fund of the United States, March 13. Available at: www.gmfus.org/publications/turkeys-euphrates-shield-mission-creep (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Harris, Gardiner. 2017. “Turkish Attempt to Close Gap with the West Seems to Widen It.” New York Times, March 13. Available at: www.nytimes.com/2017/03/13/world/europe/turkey-news-media-relations.html (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Harvey, Benjamin. 2018. “Erdogan Warns U.S. Troops in Syria to Keep Away from Kurd Forces.” Bloomberg, February 13. Available at: www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018–02-13/erdogan-warns-u-s-troops-in-syria-to-keep-away-from-kurd-forces (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Harvey, William S. 2011. “Strategies for Conducting Elite Interviews.” Qualitative Research 11(4): 431441.Google Scholar
Hatipoğlu, Emre, and Palmer, Glenn. 2016. “Conceptualizing Change in Turkish Foreign Policy: The Promise of the ‘Two-Good Theory.’Cambridge Review of International Affairs 29(1): 231250.Google Scholar
He, Kai. 2008. “Institutional Balancing and International Relations Theory: Economic Interdependence and Balance of Power Strategies in Southeast Asia.” European Journal of International Relations 14(3): 489518.Google Scholar
He, Kai. 2015. “Contested Regional Orders and Institutional Balancing in the Asia Pacific.” International Politics 52(2): 208222.Google Scholar
He, Kai, and Feng, Huiyun. 2008. “If Not Soft Balancing, Then What?: Reconsidering Soft Balancing and US Policy towards China.” Security Studies 17(2): 363395.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hintz, Lisel. 2016. “‘Take It Outside!’ National Identity Contestation in the Foreign Policy Arena.” European Journal of International Relations 12(2): 335361.Google Scholar
Hintz, Lisel. 2018. Identity Politics Inside Out: National Identity Contestation and Foreign Policy in Turkey. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Hoffman, Max, Werz, Michael, and Halpin, John. 2018. “Turkey’s ‘New Nationalism’ Amid Shifting Politics.” Center for American Progress, February 11. Available at: www.americanprogress.org/issues/security/reports/2018/02/11/446164/turkeys-new-nationalism-amid-shifting-politics/ (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Hofmann, Stephanie. 2009. “Overlapping Institutions in the Realm of International Security: The Case of NATO and ESDP.” Perspectives on Politics 7(1): 4552.Google Scholar
Holsti, Ole R., Hopmann, Terrence P., and Sulivan, John D.. 1973. Unity and Disintegration in International Alliances. New York: Wiley.Google Scholar
Horowitz, Shale, and Tyburski, Michael D.. 2012. “Reacting to Russia: Foreign Relations of the Former Soviet Bloc.” In Williams, Kristen P., Lobell, Steven E., and Jesse, Neal G. (Eds.), Beyond Great Powers and Hegemons: Why Secondary States Support, Follow, or Challenge. Stanford: Stanford University Press, pp. 161176.Google Scholar
Hufnagel, Saskia. 2013. Policing Cooperation across Borders: Comparative Perspectives on Law Enforcement within the EU and Australia. Farnham: Ashgate Publishers.Google Scholar
Human Rights Watch. 2016. “EU/Turkey: Mass, Fast-Track Returns Threaten Rights.” March 8. Available at: www.hrw.org/news/2016/03/08/eu/turkey-mass-fast-track-returns-threaten-rights (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Human Rights Watch. 2017. “Turkey: Events of 2016.” Available at: www.hrw.org/world-report/2017/country-chapters/turkey (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Hürriyet Daily News. 2009. “Rasmussen Urges Turkey to Allow Pact between EU, NATO.” August 28. Available at: www.hurriyetdailynews.com/n.php?n=rasmussen-urges-turkey-to-allow-pact-between-eu-and-nato-2009-08-28 (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Hürriyet Daily News. 2016. “New PM Signals Shift in Foreign Policy: More Friends than Enemies.” May 25. Available at: www.hurriyetdailynews.com/new-pm-signals-shift-in-foreign-policy-more-friends-than-enemies.aspx?pageID=238&nID=99616&NewsCatID=338 (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Hürriyet. 2018. “Hükümetten F-35 Açıklaması [The F-35 Announcement from the Government].” June 14. Available at: www.hurriyet.com.tr/gundem/hukumetten-f-35-aciklamasi-40867533 (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Ikenberry, G. John. 1998. “Institutions, Strategic Restraint, and the Persistence of American Postwar Order.” International Security 23(3): 4378.Google Scholar
Ikenberry, G. John. 2001. After Victory: Institutions, Strategic Restraint, and the Rebuilding of Order after Major Wars. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
International Crisis Group. 2017. “Fighting ISIS: The Road to and beyond Raqqa.” Crisis Group Middle East Briefing No 53, April 28. Available at: https://d2071andvip0wj.cloudfront.net/b053-fighting-isis-the-road-to-and-beyond-raqqa.pdf (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
International Crisis Group. 2019. “Turkey’s PKK Conflict: A Visual Explainer.” March 6. Available at: www.crisisgroup.org/content/turkeys-pkk-conflict-visual-explainer (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
İdiz, Semih. 2016. “Turkish–US Ties Face Fresh Turbulence over Iraq, Syria.” Al-Monitor, January 12. Available at: www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2016/01/turkey-usa-relations-iraq-syrian-kurds-potential-flashpoints.html (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
İnalcık, Halil. 1993. “The Turks and the Balkans.” Turkish Review of Balkan Studies 651(1): 942.Google Scholar
Jeffrey, James. 2016. Conference Remarks, Conference on Turkey, Middle East Institute. Washington DC, September 30.Google Scholar
Jeffrey, James. 2017. “Trump’s Plan to Arm Kurds Lays Bare the Strategic Vacuum in Syria.” Foreign Policy, May 9. Available at: https://foreignpolicy.com/2017/05/09/trumps-plan-to-arm-kurds-lays-bare-the-strategic-vacuum-in-syria/?utm_source=Sailthru&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=FP&utm_term=Flashpoints (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Jenkins, , Gareth, H. 2016. Conference Remarks, Conference on Turkey, Middle East Institute. Washington DC, September 30.Google Scholar
Jennings, Gareth. 2014. “Turkey Frustrated at European Reluctance for Deeper Defence Co-Operation.” IHS Jane’s 360, December 2. Available at: www.janes.com/article/46591/turkey-frustrated-at-european-reluctance-for-deeper-defence-co-operation (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Jesse, Neal G., Lobell, Steven E., Press-Barnathan, Galia, and Williams, Kristen P.. 2012. “The Leader Can’t Lead when the Followers Won’t Follow: The Limitations of Hegemony.” In: Williams, Kristen P., Lobell, Steven E., and Jesse, Neal G. (Eds.), Beyond Great Powers and Hegemons: Why Secondary States Support, Follow, or Challenge. Stanford: Stanford University Press, pp. 132.Google Scholar
Joffe, Josef. 2002. “Defying History and Theory: The United States as the Last Remaining Superpower.” In John Ikenberry, G. (Ed.), America Unrivaled: The Future of Balance of Power. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Jones, Dorian. 2019. “US-Turkish Tensions Rise Amid Warnings of a Rupture.” Voice of America News, April 4. Available at: www.voanews.com/a/us-turkish-tensions-rise-amid-warnings-of-a-rupture/4862300.html (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Judah, Tim. 2010. “Bring the Balkans Back into the Heart of Europe.” Financial Times, July 27.Google Scholar
Kabalan, Marwan. 2019. “Can the Astana Process Survive the US Withdrawal from Syria?” Al Jazeera.com, February 16. Available at: www.aljazeera.com/indepth/opinion/astana-process-survive-withdrawal-syria-190215144132776.html (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Karakullukçu, Memduh. 2014. Speech Transcript, Turkey: An Emerging Power in a Changing Middle East Conference, Council on Foreign Relations, Istanbul, June 18. Available at: www.cfr.org/projects/world/turkey-an-emerging-power-in-a-changing-middle-east/pr1685 (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Karam, Joyce. 2019. “US Pentagon Warns Turkey of ‘Grave Consequences’ Over Russian Missiles.” The National, March 9. Available at: www.thenational.ae/world/the-americas/us-pentagon-warns-turkey-of-grave-consequences-over-russian-missiles-1.834733 (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Karan, Ceyda. 2019. “‘S-400’den Vazgeçmek Ulusal Savunma Sistemini Kurmak İsteyen Turkiye’yi Zarara Uğratır’ [Giving Up on S-400 will Damage Turkey’s Aspirations to Establish Its Own National Defense System].” Sputnik, February 26. Available at: https://tr.sputniknews.com/ceyda_karan_eksen/201902251037884632-turkiye-vazgecmek-ulusal-savunma-sistem-zarar/ (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Karpat, Kemal H. 1996. “The Ottoman Rule in Europe from the Perspective of 1994.” In Mastny, Vojtech and Nation, R. Craig (Eds.), Turkey between East and West: New Challenges for a Rising Regional Power. Boulder, CO: Westview Press, pp. 144.Google Scholar
Kasapoğlu, Can. 2017a. “Operation Euphrates Shield: Progress and Scope.” Al Jazeera, February 3. Available at: www.aljazeera.com/indepth/opinion/2017/02/operation-euphrates-shield-progress-scope-170201133525121.html (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Kasapoğlu, Can. 2017b. “Why Turkey Might Buy Russia’s S-400 Defense System.” Al Jazeera, March 24. Available at: www.aljazeera.com/indepth/opinion/2017/03/turkey-buy-russia-s400-missile-defence-system-170323131537509.html (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Kasapoğlu, Can, Ergün, Doruk, and Sinan, Ülgen. 2017. “Operation Euphrates Shield: Lessons Learned.” EDAM Foreign Policy and Security Studies Series 3, April. Available at: http://edam.org.tr/en/File?id=3208 (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Kaya, Ayhan. 2013. “Yunus Emre Cultural Centers: The AKP’s Neo-Ottomanism and Islamism.” Perspectives 5(13): 5660.Google Scholar
Kelley, Judith. 2005. “Strategic Non-Cooperation as Soft Balancing: Why Iraq Was Not Just about Iraq.” International Politics 42(2): 153173.Google Scholar
Keohane, Daniel. 2006. “Unblocking EU–NATO Co-operation.” Centre for European Reform Bulletin, June/July, Issue 48.Google Scholar
Ker-Lindsay, James. 2007. “The Policies of Greece and Cyprus towards Turkey’s EU Accession.” Turkish Studies 8(1): 7183.Google Scholar
Khong, Yuen Koong. 2004. “Coping with Strategic Uncertainty: The Role of Institutions and Soft Balancing in Southeast Asia’s Post-Cold War Strategy.” In Suh, Jae-Jung, Katzenstein, Peter J. and Carlson, Allen (Eds.), Rethinking Security in East Asia: Identity, Power and Efficiency. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.Google Scholar
Kınıklıoğlu, Suat. 2014. Speech Transcript, Turkey: An Emerging Power in a Changing Middle East Conference, Council on Foreign Relations, Istanbul, June 18. Available at: www.cfr.org/projects/world/turkey-an-emerging-power-in-a-changing-middle-east/pr1685 (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Kim, Tongfi. 2016. The Supply Side of Security: A Market Theory of Military Alliances. Stanford: Stanford University Press.Google Scholar
Kiper, Çınar. 2013. “Sultan Erdogan: Turkey’s Rebranding into the New, Old Ottoman Empire.” The Atlantic. Available at: http://theatlantic.com/international/archive/2013/04/sultan-edrogan-turkeys-rebranding-into-the-new-old-ottoman-empire/274724/ (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Kirişçi, Kemal. 2009. “The Transformation of Turkish Foreign Policy: The Rise of the Trading State.” New Perspectives on Turkey 40(1): 2957.Google Scholar
Kirişci, Kemal. 2014. “Will the Readmission Agreement Bring the EU and Turkey Together or Pull Them Apart?” Brookings, February 4. Available at: www.brookings.edu/opinions/will-the-readmission-agreement-bring-the-eu-and-turkey-together-or-pull-them-apart/ (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Kirişci, Kemal. 2016. “Is Turkish Foreign Policy Becoming Pragmatic Again?” Brookings Institute, July 11. Available at: www.brookings.edu/blog/order-from-chaos/2016/07/11/is-turkish-foreign-policy-becoming-pragmatic-again/ (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Kirişçi, Kemal. 2018. Turkey and the West: Fault Lines in a Troubled Alliance. Washington DC: Brookings Institute Press.Google Scholar
Kohen, Sami. 2010. “Balkan Açılımı” [The Balkan Opening]. Milliyet, April 27.Google Scholar
Koops, Joachim A. 2011. The European Union as an Integrative Power? Assessing the EU’s “Effective Multilateralism” towards NATO and the United Nations. Brussels: Brussels University Press.Google Scholar
Kopač, Janez, and Ekinci, Mehmet. 2015. “Turkey as a Member of the Energy Community.” Daily Sabah, February 17. Available at: www.dailysabah.com/opinion/2015/02/17/turkey-as-a-member-of-the-energy-community (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Köksal, Nil. 2017. “Why Trump Will Likely Leave Erdogan Empty-Handed.” CBC News, May 15. Available at: www.cbc.ca/news/world/trump-erdogan-turkey-united-states-white-house-washington-1.4111829 (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Kramer, Heinz. 2000. A Changing Turkey: The Challenge to Europe and the United States. Washington DC: Brookings Institution Press.Google Scholar
Kucera, Joshua. 2015. “Turkey Finally Abandons Controversial Chinese Missile Deal.” Eurasianet.org, November 15. Available at: www.eurasianet.org/node/76106 (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Kupchan, Charles. 1988. “NATO and the Persian Gulf: Examining Intra-alliance Behavior.” International Organization 42(2): 317346.Google Scholar
Kupchan, Charles. 2011. “The False Promise of Unipolarity: Constraints on the Exercise of American Power.” Cambridge Review of International Affairs 24(2): 165173.Google Scholar
Kurizaki, Shuhei. 2007. “Efficient Secrecy: Public versus Private Threats in Crisis Diplomacy.” American Political Science Review 101(3): 543558.Google Scholar
Kut, Şule. 1999. “Turkey in the Post-Communist Balkans: Between Activism and Self- Restraint.” Turkish Review of Balkan Studies 4: 3945.Google Scholar
Kütük, Dilek. 2015. “Deepening Relations between the Balkans and Turkey: Economic Growth and Patterns of Development.” Journal of Turkish Weekly, May 6. Available at: www.turkishweekly.net/2015/05/06/news/deepening-relations-between-the-balkans-and-turkey-economic-growth-and-patterns-of-development/ (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Lake, Eli. 2018. “Turkey’s Exemption from US Sanctions against Iran Is Yet Another Sign that Tensions Are Easing.” Bloomberg.com, November 5. Available at: www.bloomberg.com/opinion/articles/2018-11-05/u-s-sanctions-on-iran-why-is-turkey-exempt (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Larrabee, F. Stephen. 2011. “The ‘New Turkey’ and American-Turkish Relations.” Insight Turkey 13(1): 19.Google Scholar
Larrabee, F. Stephen. 2016. “The Turkish-Russian Rapprochement: How Real? How Durable?” The National Interest, November 21. Available at: http://nationalinterest.org/blog/the-buzz/the-turkish-russian-rapprochement-how-real-how-durable-18468 (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Larrabee, F. Stephen, and Lesser, Ian O.. 2003. Turkish Foreign Policy in an Age of Uncertainty. Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation.Google Scholar
Lavenex, Sandra, and Uçarer, Emek M.. 2004. “The External Dimension of Europeanization: The Case of Immigration Policies.” Cooperation and Conflict 39(4): 417443.Google Scholar
Lee, Matthew. 2019. “US Targets ‘Vast Network’ for Evading Sanctions.” APNews.com, March 26. Available at: www.apnews.com/3c2e71ce056447599bd3f685170d8297 (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Leeds, Brett Ashley, and Savun, Burcu. 2007. “Terminating Alliances: Why Do States Abrogate Agreements?Journal of Politics 69(4): 11181132.Google Scholar
Lesser, Ian. 2017. “Turkey and the West: A Relationship Unmoored?” German Marshall Fund of the United States, May 15. Available at: www.gmfus.org/blog/2017/05/15/turkey-and-west-relationship-unmoored (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Lesser, Ian, and Lete, Bruno. 2017. “Reducing Risks in Turkey’s Neighborhood.” German Marshall Fund of the United States, March 10. Available at: www.gmfus.org/blog/2017/03/10/reducing-risks-turkeys-neighborhood (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Lew, Jacob J., and Nephew, Richard. 2018. “The Use and Misuse of Economic Statecraft.” Foreign Affairs, November/December. Available at: www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/world/2018–10-15/use-and-misuse-economic-statecraft (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Levy, Jack S. 1989. “Diversionary Theory of War: A Critique.” In Midlarsky, Manus I. (Ed.), Handbook of War Studies. Boston: Unwin-Hyman, pp. 259288.Google Scholar
Levy, Jack S. 2004. “What Do Great Powers Balance against and When?” In Paul, T. V., Wirtz, James J., and Fortmann, Michel (Eds.), Balance of Power: Theory and Practice in the 21st Century. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, pp. 2951.Google Scholar
Lieber, Keir A., and Alexander, Gerard. 2005. “Waiting for Balancing: Why the World Is Not Pushing Back.” International Security 30(1): 109139.Google Scholar
Lieberman, R. C. 2002. “Ideas, Institutions, and Political Order: Explaining Political Change.” American Political Science Review 96(4): 697712.Google Scholar
Lindbäck, Leif. 2009. “Norway’s Experiences with EDA.” EDA Bulletin 12, June.Google Scholar
Linden, Ronald H., and İrepoğlu, Yasemin. 2013. “Turkey and the Balkans: New Forms of Political Community?Turkish Studies 14(2): 229255.Google Scholar
Loğoğlu, O. Faruk. 2008. “The State of US–Turkey Relations: A Turkish Perspective.” In Burwell, Frances G. (Ed.), The Evolution of US–Turkish Relations in a Transatlantic Context. Carlisle, PA: Strategic Studies Institute, pp. 2942.Google Scholar
Long, Andrew G., Nordstrom, Timothy, and Baek, Kyeonghi. 2007. “Allying for Peace: Treaty Obligations and Conflict between Allies.” The Journal of Politics 69(4): 11031117.Google Scholar
Loveluck, Louisa, and DeYoung, Karen. 2017. “A Russian-Backed Deal on ‘Safe Zones’ Leaves US Wary.” The Washington Post, May 4.Google Scholar
Lustick, Ian. 1996. “History, Historiography, and Political Science: Multiple Historical Records and the Problem of Selection Bias.” American Political Science Review 90(3): 605618.Google Scholar
Lynch, Colum. 2010. “Turkey Urges UN Security Council to Condemn Israeli Attack On Aid Flotilla.” The Washington Post, May 31. Available at: www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/05/31/AR2010053102860.html (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
MacFarquhar, Neil. 2010. “UN Approves New Sanctions to Deter Iran.” New York Times, June 9.Google Scholar
Makovsky, Alan. 2015. “Turkey’s Growing Energy Ties with Moscow.” Center for American Progress, May 6. Available at: https://cdn.americanprogress.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/TurkeyEnergy2UPDATED.pdf (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Mares, David R. 2016. “Brazil: Revising the Status Quo with Soft Power?” In Paul, T. V. (Ed.), Accommodating Rising Powers: Past, Present, and Future. Cambridge University Press, pp. 246267.Google Scholar
Martin, Natalie. 2015. Security and the Turkey–EU Accession Process: Norms, Reforms and the Cyprus Issue. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.Google Scholar
McCalla, Robert B. 1996. “NATO’s Persistence after the Cold War.” International Organization 50(3): 445475.Google Scholar
McLeary, Paul. 2017. “Turkey Threatens US Forces in Syria, as Putin Presses for Safe Zones.” Foreign Policy, May 3.Google Scholar
Mearsheimer, John J. 1983. Conventional Deterrence. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Mearsheimer, John J. 2001. The Tragedy of Great Power Politics. New York: Norton.Google Scholar
Meerts, Paul. 2015. Diplomatic Negotiation: Essence and Evolution. The Hague: Clingendael.Google Scholar
Mehr News Agency. 2019. “Turkey Criticizes US Sanctions on Iran.” March 3. Available at: https://en.mehrnews.com/news/143041/Turkey-criticizes-US-sanctions-on-Iran (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Menon, Anand, and Welsh, Jennifer. 2011. “Understanding NATO’s Sustainability: The Limits of Institutionalist Theory.” Global Governance 17: 8194.Google Scholar
Michalopoulos, Sarantis. 2017. “Hungary Warns about Growing Foreign Influence in the Balkans.” EurActiv.com, April 3. Available at: www.euractiv.com/section/enlargement/news/hungary-warns-about-growing-foreign-influence-in-the-balkans/?nl_ref=34679074 (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Miller, Ross A. 1999. “Regime Type, Strategic Interaction, and the Diversionary Use of Force.” Journal of Conflict Resolution 43(3): 388402.Google Scholar
Miskimmon, Alister, O’Loughlin, Ben, and Roselle, Laura. 2013. Strategic Narratives: Communication Power and the New World Order. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Missiroli, Antonio. 2002. “EU–NATO Cooperation in Crisis Management: No Turkish Delight for ESDP.” Security Dialogue 33(1): 926.Google Scholar
Mitrović, Marija. 2014. Turkish Foreign Policy towards the Balkans: The Influence of Traditional Determinants on Davutoğlu’s Conception of Turkey-Balkan Relations. German Turkish Master’s Program in Social Sciences Working Paper Series No. 10, Humboldt University.Google Scholar
Mitrović Bošković, Marija, Reljić, Dušan, and Vračić, Alida. 2015. “Elsewhere in the Neighborhood: Reaching out to the Western Balkans.” In Senem Çevik, B. and Seib, Philip (Eds.), Turkey’s Public Diplomacy. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 99120.Google Scholar
Mogherini, Federica. 2016. Remarks by High Representative/Vice-President Federica Mogherini on EU–Turkey Relations at the Plenary Session of the European Parliament, November 22. Available at: https://eeas.europa.eu/headquarters/headquarters-homepage/15566/remarks-high-representativevice-president-federica-mogherini-eu-turkey-relations-plenary_en (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Morgan, T. Clifford. 1990. “Issue Linkages in International Crisis Bargaining.” American Journal of Political Science 34(2): 311333.Google Scholar
Morrow, James D. 1991. “Alliances and Asymmetry: An Alternative to the Capability Aggregation Model of Alliances.” American Journal of Political Science 35(4): 904933.Google Scholar
Muhasilović, Selin Çalık. 2016. “Turkey Shield against Religious Extremism in Balkans, Its Presence Spreads Moderation.” Daily Sabah, January 25. Available at: www.dailysabah.com/politics/2016/01/26/turkey-shield-against-religious-extremism-in-balkans-its-presence-spreads-moderation (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Murinson, Alexander. 2012. “Turkish Foreign Policy in the Twenty-First Century.” Mideast Security and Policy Studies No. 97, The Begin-Sadat Center for Strategic Studies, Bar-Ilan University, September. Available at: http://besacenter.org/mideast-security-and-policy-studies/turkish-foreign-policy-in-the-twenty-first-century-3–2/ (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Müftüler-Baç, Meltem. 2008. “The European Union’s Accession Negotiations with Turkey from a Foreign Policy Perspective.” Journal of European Integration 30(1): 6378.Google Scholar
Nas, Çiğdem, and Özer, Yonca (Eds.). 2016. Turkey and the European Union: Processes of Europeanisation. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
NATO. 1999. An Alliance for the 21st Century, Washington Summit Communiqué, Press Release NAC-S(99)64, April 24. Available at: www.nato.int/docu/pr/1999/p99-064e.htm (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
NATO. 2002. NATO Prague Summit Declaration by Heads of State and Government, NATO Press Release 2002/127, November 21.Google Scholar
NATO. 2007. “NATO–EU Operational Co-Operation.” Parliamentary Assembly, 2007 Annual Session Committee Report, 166 DSCTC 07 E bis, Reykjavik, Iceland.Google Scholar
NATO. 2010a. NATO–EU: A Strategic Partnership. Available at www.nato.int/cps/en/natolive/topics_49217.htm (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
NATO. 2010b. Press Briefing by NATO Secretary General, Anders Fogh Rasmussen and EU High Representative for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy Catherine Ashton, May 25. Available at: www.nato.int/nato_static/assets/audio/audio_2010_05/20100525_100525a-nato-eu-pc.mp3 (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
NATO. 2016a. “Connected Forces Initiative.” June 22. Available at: www.nato.int/cps/en/natohq/topics_98527.htm (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
NATO. 2016b. “NATO AWACS Increases Assurance Measures to Turkey.” March. Available at: www.shape.nato.int/2016/nato-awacs-increases-assurance-measures-to-turkey (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
NATO. 2017. “Secretary General Welcomes Closer NATO–EU Cooperation.” May 18. Available at: www.nato.int/cps/en/natohq/news_143861.htm (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
NATO. 2018. “Relations with the European Union.” February 13. Available at: www.nato.int/cps/ua/natohq/topics_49217.htm (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Official Journal of the EU. 2006. “Agreement between the European Union and the Republic of Turkey Establishing a Framework for the Participation of the Republic of Turkey in the European Union Crisis Management Operations.” L 189/17, Vol. 49, July 12.Google Scholar
Official Journal of the EU. 2010. The Role of NATO in the Security Architecture of the EU, C76, E/69-E/75, March 25. Available at: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:C:2010:076E:0069:0075:EN:PDF (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Oğuzlu, Tarık. 2007. “Soft Power in Turkish Foreign Policy.” Australian Journal of International Affairs 61(1): 8197.Google Scholar
Oran, Baskin (Ed.). 2010. Turkish Foreign Policy 1919–2006: Facts and Analyses with Documents. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press.Google Scholar
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). 2016. “Aid at a Glance Charts.” Available at: www.oecd.org/development/aid-at-a-glance.htm (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Oruç, Merve Şebnem. 2016. “Will Turkey Join Shanghai Cooperation Organization?” Daily Sabah, November 25. Available at: www.dailysabah.com/columns/merve-sebnem-oruc/2016/11/26/will-turkey-join-shanghai-cooperation-organization (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Oswald, Franz. 2006. “Soft Balancing between Friends: Transforming Transatlantic Relations.” Journal of Contemporary Central and Eastern Europe 14(2): 145160.Google Scholar
Öniş, Ziya. 2003. “Turkey and the Middle East after September 11: The Importance of the EU Dimension.” Turkish Policy Quarterly 2(4): 8392.Google Scholar
Öniş, Ziya. 2008. “Turkey–EU Relations: Beyond the Current Stalemate.” Insight Turkey 10(4): 3550.Google Scholar
Öniş, Ziya, and Yılmaz, S¸uhnaz. 2009. “Between Europeanization and Euro‐Asianism: Foreign Policy Activism in Turkey during the AKP Era.” Turkish Studies 10(1): 724.Google Scholar
Önsoy, Murat, and Udum, Şebnem. 2015. “The Role of Turkey in Western Balkan Energy Security.” Asia Europe Journal 13(2): 175192.Google Scholar
Özbudun, Ergun. 2014. “AKP at the Crossroads: Erdoğan’s Majoritarian Drift.” South European Society and Politics 19(2): 155167.Google Scholar
Özcan, Mesut. 2008. Harmonizing Foreign Policy: Turkey, the EU and the Middle East, Aldershot: Ashgate.Google Scholar
Özcan, Nihat A. 2017. “Türk-Alman Gerilimi ve Incirlik Konusu [Turkish-German Tensions and the Topic of Incirlik].” Milliyet, May 19.Google Scholar
Özkan, Mehmet. 2012. “Turkiye’nin Balkan Politikasi” [Turkey’s Balkan Policy]. In Buçukçu, Öner (Ed.), Balkan Savaşlarının 100. Yılında Büyük Göç ve Muhaceret Edebiyatı Sempozyumu [Great Migration Literature Symposium on the 100th Anniversary of the Balkan Wars]. Sarajevo: TürkiyeYazarlar Birliği, pp. 213216.Google Scholar
Papayoanou, Paul A. 1997. “Intra-alliance Bargaining and U.S. Bosnia Policy.” The Journal of Conflict Resolution 41(1): 91116.Google Scholar
Pape, Robert A. 2005. “Soft Balancing against the United States.” International Security 30(1): 745.Google Scholar
Park, Bill. 2015. “Turkey’s Isolated Stance: An Ally No More, or Just the Usual Turbulence?International Affairs 91(3): 581600.Google Scholar
Paul, T. V. 1994. Asymmetric Conflicts: War Initiation by Weaker Powers, New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Paul, T. V. 2004. “Introduction: The Enduring Axioms of Balance of Power Theory and Their Contemporary Relevance.” In Paul, T. V., Wirtz, James J., and Fortmann, Michel (Eds.), Balance of Power: Theory and Practice in the 21st Century. Stanford: Stanford University Press, pp. 125.Google Scholar
Paul, T. V. 2005. “Soft Balancing in the Age of US Primacy.” International Security 30(1): 4671.Google Scholar
Paul, T. V. 2016. “The Accommodation of Rising Powers in World Politics.” In Paul, T. V. (Ed.), Accommodating Rising Powers: Past, Present, and Future. Cambridge University Press, pp. 332.Google Scholar
Paul, T. V., Wirtz, James J., and Fortmann, Michel (Eds.). 2004. Balance of Power: Theory and Practice in the 21st Century. Stanford: Stanford University Press.Google Scholar
PBS NewsHour. 2018. “Turkey Doesn’t Have to Choose between U.S. and Russia, Foreign Minister Says.” June 4. Available at: www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wc1e91iDiRw (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Pearson, W. Robert. 2016. Conference Remarks, Conference on Turkey, Middle East Institute. Washington DC, September 30.Google Scholar
Pearson, W. Robert. 2017. “Strikes on Syria: Game Changer for US–Turkey Relations?” The Middle East Institute, April 7. Available at: www.mei.edu/content/article/strikes-syria-game-changer-us-turkey-relations (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Peterson, Scott. 2017. “US–Turkey Deal on ISIS Assault? Why That’s A Tough Sell for Tillerson.” Christian Science Monitor, March 29. Available at: www.csmonitor.com/World/Middle-East/2017/0329/US-Turkey-deal-on-ISIS-assault-Why-that-s-a-tough-sell-for-Tillerson (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Peterson, Scott, and Llana, Sarah Miller. 2017. “Is This the End of Turkey’s Flirtation with Europe?” The Christian Science Monitor, March 15. Available at: www.csmonitor.com/World/Middle-East/2017/0315/Is-this-the-end-of-Turkey-s-flirtation-with-Europe (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Pieper, Moritz. 2017. “The Transatlantic Dialogue on Iran: The European Subaltern and Hegemonic Constraints in the Implementation of the 2015 Nuclear Agreement with Iran.” European Security 26(1): 99119.Google Scholar
Pierini, Marc. 2016a. “Will Turkey and the EU See the Bigger Picture?” Carnegie Europe, March 3. Available at: http://carnegieeurope.eu/strategiceurope/?fa=62955&mkt_tok=3RkMMJWWfF9wsRovvK7BZKXonjHpfsX57usqUKSg38431UFwdcjKPmjr1YoETMd0aPyQAgobGp5I5FEIQ7XYTLB2t60MWA%3D%3D (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Pierini, Marc. 2016d. “The Looming EU–Turkey Visa Drama.” Carnegie Europe, April 28. Available at: http://carnegieeurope.eu/strategiceurope/63485 (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Pierson, Paul. 2000. “Increasing Returns, Path Dependence, and the Study of Politics.” American Political Science Review 94(2): 251267.Google Scholar
Pitel, Laura, and Beesley, Arthur. 2016. “Erdogan Threatens to Let 3 Million Refugees into Europe.” Financial Times, November 25. Available at: www.ft.com/content/c5197e60-b2fc-11e6-9c37-5787335499a0 (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Poast, Paul. 2013. “Issue Linkage and International Cooperation: An Empirical Investigation.” Conflict Management and Peace Science 30(3): 286303.Google Scholar
Populari. 2014. A Political Romance: Relations between Turkey and Bosnia and Herzegovina, May. Available at: http://populari.org/files/docs/411.pdf (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
PressTV. 2017. “Turkey–Russia Talks on S-400 Missiles Progressing.” February 22. Available at: www.presstv.ir/Detail/2017/02/22/511713/turkey-russia-s-400-missiles (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Putnam, Robert D. 1988. “Diplomacy and Domestic Politics: The Logic of Two-Level Games.” International Organization 42(3): 427460.Google Scholar
Ramsay, Kristopher W. 2011. “Cheap Talk Diplomacy, Voluntary Negotiations, and Variable Bargaining Power.” International Studies Quarterly 55(4): 10031023.Google Scholar
Rasmussen, Anders Fogh. 2013. Monthly Press Conference by NATO Secretary General, Brussels, May 6.Google Scholar
Rašidagić, Ešref Kenan. 2013. “A Critical Analysis of Turkish Foreign Policy towards the Western Balkans.” In Mulalić, Muhidin, Korkut, Hasan, and Nuroğlu, Elif (Eds.), Turkish-Balkans Relations: The Future Prospects of Cultural, Political and Economic Transformations and Relations. Istanbul: Tasam Yayinlari, pp. 179196.Google Scholar
Regional Cooperation Council (RCC). 2017. “Regional Cooperation Council: An Overview.” Available at: www.rcc.int/pages/2/overview (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Reid, David. 2018. “Erdogan Says Turkey Will Boycott US Electronic Goods, Including Apple’s iPhone.” CNBC.com, August 14. Available at: www.cnbc.com/2018/08/14/erdogan-says-turkey-will-boycott-us-electronic-goods-including-apple.html (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Reuters. 2016. “Fed Up with EU, Erdogan Says Turkey Could Join Shanghai Bloc.” November 20. Available at: www.reuters.com/article/us-turkey-europe-erdogan-idUSKBN13F0CY (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Reuters. 2017. “Turkey Says All Deals with the EU in Jeopardy if No Visa Liberalization.” March 11. Available at: www.reuters.com/article/us-turkey-eu-visa-idUSKBN16I081 (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Reuters. 2018. “Turkey’s Erdogan Says Will Ask EU for Rest of 3 Billion Euro Aid for Refugees.” March 19. Available at: www.reuters.com/article/us-eu-turkey/turkeys-erdogan-says-will-ask-eu-for-rest-of-3-billion-euro-aid-for-refugees-idUSKBN1GV1V8 (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Ripsman, Norrin M., Taliaferro, Jeffrey W., and Lobell, Steven E.. 2016. Neoclassical Realist Theory of International Politics. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
RT. 2015. “Russia Halts Turkish Stream Project over Downed Jet.” December 2. Available at: www.rt.com/business/324230-gazprom-turkish-stream-cancellation/ (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
RT. 2018. “‘Who Will Heat Us during Winter?’: Turkey Rejects US Plan to Torpedo Iran’s Oil Exports.” July 25. Available at: www.rt.com/news/434225-turkey-iran-us-oil/ (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Robins, Philip. 2003. Suits and Uniforms: Turkish Foreign Policy since the Cold War. London: Hurst and Co.Google Scholar
Robinson, Linda. 2017. “To Take Raqqa the US Must Work with Its Partner in Its Fight against ISIS.” RAND, March 13. Available at: www.rand.org/blog/2017/03/to-take-raqqa-the-us-must-work-with-its-partner-in.html (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Roblin, Sebastien. 2018. “America’s Big Fear: Turkey Mixing F-35s and Russia’s S-400 Air Defense System.” The National Interest, July 7. Available at: https://nationalinterest.org/blog/buzz/americas-big-fear-turkey-mixing-f-35s-and-russias-s-400-air-defense-system-25152 (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Rose, Gideon. 1998. “Neoclassical Realism and Theories of Foreign Policy.” World Politics 51(1): 144172.Google Scholar
Rubin, Michael. 2018. “It’s Time for Turkey and NATO to Go Their Separate Ways.” The Washington Post, August 16. Available at: www.washingtonpost.com/news/democracy-post/wp/2018/08/16/its-time-for-turkey-and-nato-to-go-their-separate-ways/?utm_term=.e1a78b72b60f (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Rüma, İnan S. 2011. “Turkish Foreign Policy towards the Balkans: New Activism, Neo-Ottomanism or/So What?Turkish Policy Quarterly 9(4): 133140.Google Scholar
Sakkas, John, and Zhukova, Nataliya. 2013. “The Soviet Union, Turkey and the Cyprus Problem, 1967–1974.” Les Cahiers Irice 10(1): 123135. doi:10.3917/lci.010.0123.Google Scholar
Saltzman, Ilai Z. 2012a. “Soft Balancing as Foreign Policy: Assessing American Strategy toward Japan in the Interwar Period.” Foreign Policy Analysis 8(2): 131150.Google Scholar
Saltzman, Ilai Z. 2012b. Securitizing Balance of Power Theory: A Polymorphic Reconceptualization. New York: Lexington Books.Google Scholar
Sayarı, Sabri. 2000. “Turkish Foreign Policy in the Post-Cold War Era: The Challenges of Multi-regionalism.” Journal of International Affairs 54(1): 169182.Google Scholar
Schaefer, Mark E., and Poffenbarger, John G.. 2014. The Formation of the BRICS and Its Implication for the United States: Emerging Together. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.Google Scholar
Schelling, Thomas. 1960. The Strategy of Conflict. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Schimmelfennig, Frank, and Sedelmeier, Ulrich. 2005. The Europeanization of Central and Eastern Europe. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Schmitt, Eric. 2014. “US Airdrops Weapons and Supplies to Kurds Fighting in Kobani.” New York Times, October 20.Google Scholar
Schweller, Randall. 2003. “The Progressiveness of Neoclassical Realism.” In Elman, Colin and Miriam Fendius, Elman (Eds.), Progress in International Relations Theory. Cambridge: MIT Press, pp. 311347.Google Scholar
Sechser, Todd S. 2011. “Militarized Compellent Threats, 1918–2001.” Conflict Management and Peace Science 28(4): 377401.Google Scholar
Sechser, Todd S., and Fuhrmann, Matthew. 2013. “Crisis Bargaining and Nuclear Blackmail.” International Organization 67(1): 173195.Google Scholar
Selçuk, Orçun. 2012. “Turkish Airlines as a Soft Power Tool in the Context of Turkish Foreign Policy.” Unpublished Master of Arts Thesis. Atatürk Institute for Modern Turkish History, Boğaziçi University, June.Google Scholar
Seligman, Lara. 2018. “Trump Blocks Fighter Jet Transfer Amid Deepening US–Turkey Rift.” Foreign Policy, August 13. Available at: https://foreignpolicy.com/2018/08/13/trump-blocks-fighter-jet-transfer-amid-deepening-us-turkey-rift-f35/ (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Serwer, Daniel. 2016. “Stronger Erdogan, Weaker Turkey.” Peacefare.net, August 5. Available at: www.peacefare.net/2016/08/02/stronger-erdogan-weaker-turkey/ (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Serwer, Daniel. 2017. “Outside Influences in the Balkans.” Peacefare.net, 26 April.Google Scholar
Seufert, Günter. 2017. “Ever Further from the West: Why Ankara Looks to Moscow.” Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik Comments 2, February. Available at: www.swp-berlin.org/fileadmin/contents/products/comments/2017C02_srt.pdf (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Slantchev, Branislav L. 2005. “Military Coercion in Interstate Crises.” American Political Science Review 99(4): 533547.Google Scholar
Smale, Alison. 2017. “Germany to Withdraw Forces from Incirlik Base in Turkey.” New York Times, June 7. Available at: www.nytimes.com/2017/06/07/world/europe/germany-turkey-air-base.html (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Smith, Hannah L. 2018. “Turkey Rejects Trump’s Call for Iran Sanctions.” The Times, July 25. Available at: www.thetimes.co.uk/article/turkey-rejects-trump-s-call-for-iran-sanctions-p90dpc7l0 (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Snyder, Glenn H. 1984. “The Security Dilemma in Alliance Politics.” World Politics 36(4): 461495.Google Scholar
Snyder, Glenn H. 1991. “Alliances, Balance and Stability.” International Organization 45(1): 121142.Google Scholar
Snyder, Glenn H. 1997. Alliance Politics. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Sokollu, Senada. 2013. “Erdogan Loses Support among Balkan Migrants.” Deutsche Welle, June 20. Available at: www.dw.com/en/erdogan-loses-support-among-balkan-migrants/a-16894828 (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Solana, Javier. 2008. “Report on the Implementation of the European Security Strategy: Providing Security in a Changing World.” S407/08, Brussels, December 11. Available at: www.consilium.europa.eu/uedocs/cms_data/docs/pressdata/en/reports/104630.pdf.Google Scholar
Somun, Hajrudin. 2011. “Turkish Foreign Policy in the Balkans and ‘Neo-Ottomanism’: A Personal Account.” Insight Turkey 13(3): 3341.Google Scholar
Sönmez, Göktuğ. 2015. “Turkey’s Renewed Ambitions on the Eurasian Energy Chessboard.” Research Turkey 4(3): 2432, Centre for Policy and Research on Turkey, London. Available at: http://researchturkey.org/?p=8222 (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Spasojević, Dušan. 2014. “The Turkish-German Balkan Equation.” LSEE Blog, July 17. Available at: http://blogs.lse.ac.uk/lsee/2014/07/17/the-turkish-german-balkan-equation/ (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Sprenger, Sebastian. 2018. “Turkey Defiant on Purchase of Russian S-400 Anti-Missile Weapon.” DefenseNews.com, July 11. Available at: www.defensenews.com/smr/nato-priorities/2018/07/11/turkey-defiant-on-purchase-of-russian-s-400-anti-missile-weapon/ (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Sputnik News. 2018. “Turkey Slams US Demand to Drop S-400 Deal in Exchange for F-35s as ‘Blackmail.’” June 14. Available at: https://sputniknews.com/middleeast/201806141065408430-turkey-us-f-35-demands/ (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Starr, Barbara. 2016. “Turkey’s Power Cut Off to Incirlik Air Base a Problem for Pentagon.” CNN.com, July 19. Available at: www.cnn.com/2016/07/19/politics/incirlik-air-base-turkey-failed-coup-power-cutoff/ (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Stelzenmueller, Constanze. 2017. Conference Remarks, What Is the Future of EU–Turkey Relations Conference. Wilson Center, Washington DC, April 24.Google Scholar
Stojanović, Dušan. 2011. “Turkey Uses Economic Clout to Gain Balkan Foothold.” The Washington Post, March 14. Available at: www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2011/03/14/AR2011031404398.html (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Stratfor. 2015. “The Problems Foreign Powers Find in the Balkans.” May 19. Available at: www.stratfor.com/analysis/problems-foreign-powers-find-balkans (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Strauss, Delphine. 2009. “Turkey’s Ottoman Mission.” Financial Times, November 23.Google Scholar
Şenyuva, Özgür, and Ciğdem, Üstün. 2015. “A New Episode in EU-Turkish Relations: Why So Much Bitterness?” German Mashall Fund of the United States, December 21. Available at: www.gmfus.org/publications/new-episode-eu-turkish-relations-why-so-much-bitterness (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Šoštarić, Maja. 2011. “Bosnia, Revisited: Turkey’s Gains, Challenges and Future Aspirations.” Balkananalysis.com, July 12. Available at: www.balkanalysis.com/turkey/2011/07/12/bosnia-revisited-turkey’s-gains-challenges-and-future-aspirations/ (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Tanasković, Darko. 2010. “Neoosmanizam: Povratak Turske na Balkan [Neo-Ottomanism: Return of Turkey to the Balkans]”, Banja Luka, Official Gazette.Google Scholar
Tanasković, Darko. 2013. Neo-Ottomanism: A Doctrine and Foreign Policy Practice. Belgrade: Association of Non-Governmental Organisations of Southeast Europe-CIVIS.Google Scholar
Taşpınar, Ömer. 2008. Turkey’s Middle East Policies: Between Neo-Ottomanism and Kemalism. Washington DC: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace.Google Scholar
TEPAV. 2015. “Strengthening the Connectivity and Business Synergies in the SEE.” Sarajevo, June 21. Available at: www.tepav.org.tr/upload/files/haber/1438241943–0.2___Economic_Diagnostics_of_SEE_6_and_Turkey.pdf (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Terzi, Özlem. 2010. The Influence of the European Union on Turkish Foreign Policy. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
The Associated Press. 2017. “Will Death Penalty Be the Death Knell for EU–Turkey Talks?” April 18. Available at: www.foxnews.com/world/2017/04/18/will-death-penalty-be-death-knell-for-eu-turkey-talks.html (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
The Associated Press. 2018. “Turkey against Severing Economic Ties with Iran Despite US Sanctions.” July 25. Available at: www.haaretz.com/middle-east-news/turkey/turkey-against-severing-economic-ties-with-iran-despite-us-sanctions-1.6314188 (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
The Economist. 2016. “Turkey and the EU: Refugees and Terror.” March 26. Available at: www.economist.com/news/europe/21695236-europe-approves-critical-deal-send-asylum-seekers-back-turkey-just-terrorism-reaches (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
The Economist. 2019. “Turkey Leads the World in Jailed Journalists.” January 16. Available at: https://www.economist.com/graphic-detail/2019/01/16/turkey-leads-the-world-in-jailed-journalists (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
The Market Mogul. 2016. “The EU and the Turkish Stream.” March 11. Available at: http://themarketmogul.com/the-eu-and-the-turkish-stream/ (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
The Telegraph. 2017. “A Year on from EU–Turkey Deal, Refugees and Migrants in Limbo Commit Suicide and Suffer from Trauma.” March 14. Available at: www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/03/14/year-eu-turkey-deal-refugees-migrants-limbo-commit-suicide-suffer/ (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Thelen, Kathleen. 1999. “Historical Institutionalism in Comparative Politics.” Annual Review of Political Science 2(1): 369404.Google Scholar
TimeTurk.com. 2015. “Güneydoğu Avrupa Ülkeleri İş Birliği Süreci Parlamenter Asamblesi Toplantısı [SEECP Parliamentary Assembly Meeting].” February 9. Available at: www.timeturk.com/tr/2015/02/08/guneydogu-avrupa-ulkeleri-is-birligi-sureci-parlamenter-asam.html (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Tisdall, Simon. 2018. “Turkey’s Ever-Closer Ties with Russia Leave US Lacking Key Ally in Syria.” The Guardian, April 11. Available at: www.theguardian.com/world/2018/apr/11/turkey-ever-closer-ties-with-russia-leave-us-lacking-key-ally-on-syria (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Tocci, Natalie. 2010. “The Baffling Short-Sightedness in the EU–Turkey–Cyprus Triangle.” Istituto Affari Internazionali, Document IAI 1021, October.Google Scholar
Tocci, Natalie, and Houben, Mark. 2001. “Accommodating Turkey in ESDP.” CEPS Policy Brief No. 5, May.Google Scholar
Todorova, Maria. 1996. “The Ottoman Legacy in the Balkans.” In Carol Brown, L. (Ed.), Imperial Legacy. The Ottoman Imprint on the Balkans and the Middle East. New York: Columbia University Press, pp. 4577.Google Scholar
Tol, Gönül, and Pearson, Robert W.. 2016. “Turkey–US Relations and the Next US Administration.” Middle East Institute Policy Focus 25, October. Available at: www.mei.edu/sites/default/files/publications/PF25_TolPearson_USTurkey_web.pdf (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Tolay, Juliette. 2014. “The EU and Turkey’s Asylum Policies in Light of the Syrian Crisis.” Global Turkey in Europe, Policy Brief 10. Available at: http://pubblicazioni.iai.it/pdf/GTE/GTE_PB_10.pdf (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Trager, Robert F. 2010. “Diplomatic Calculus in Anarchy: How Communication Matters.” American Political Science Review 104(2): 347368.Google Scholar
TRT World. 2019. “Turkish Defence Minister Hosts US Special Envoy to Discuss Manbij Road Map.” March 5. Available at: www.trtworld.com/turkey/turkish-defence-minister-hosts-us-special-envoy-to-discuss-manbij-road-map-24688 (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Tsakonas, Panayotis. 2008. “From ‘Perverse’ to ‘Promising’ Institutionalism? NATO, EU and the Greek-Turkish Conflict.” In Bourantonis, Dimitris, Ifantis, Kostas, and Tsakonas, Panayotis (Eds.), Multilateralism and Security Institutions in an Era of Globalization. Oxford: Routledge, pp. 233251.Google Scholar
Tsebelis, George. 2002. Veto Players: How Political Institutions Work. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Turak, Natasha. 2018. “Turkish Lira Recovers Sharply against the Dollar after Record Nosedive.” CNBC.com, August 14. Available at: www.cnbc.com/2018/08/14/turkish-lira-recovers-sharply-against-the-dollar-after-record-nosedive.html (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Turan, Ilter. 2017. “Turkey’s Constitutional Debate: Presidentialism Alla Turca or Parliamentary Government.” German Marshall Fund of the US, April 10. Available at: www.gmfus.org/publications/turkeys-constitutional-debate-presidentialism-alla-turca-or-parliamentary-government (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Turkish International Cooperation and Development Agency (TİKA). 2017. Turkish Development Assistance Report 2014. Available at: www.tika.gov.tr/upload/2016/INGILIZCE%20SITE%20ESERLER/KALKINMA%20RAPORLARI/DA%20Report%202014.pdf (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Turkish Ministry of Foreign Affairs. 2017. “Turkey and the Shanghai Cooperation Organization Dialogue Partnership Memorandum Was Signed in Almaty.” Available at: www.mfa.gov.tr/turkey-and-the-shanghai-cooperation-organization-dialogue-partnership-memorandum-was-signed-in-almaty.en.mfa (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Turkish Ministry of Foreign Affairs. 2019a. “Turkey–EU Relations.” Available at: www.mfa.gov.tr/relations-between-turkey-and-the-european-union.en.mfa (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Turkish Ministry of Foreign Affairs. 2019b. “Turkey’s International Security Initiatives and Contributions to NATO and EU Operations.” Available at: www.mfa.gov.tr/iv_-european-security-and-defence-identity_policy-_esdi_p_.en.mfa (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Turkish Ministry of Foreign Affairs. 2019c. “III. The European Union Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP) and NATO-EU Strategic Cooperation.” Available at: www.mfa.gov.tr/iii_-turkey_s-views-on-current-nato-issues.en.mfa (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Turkish Ministry of Foreign Affairs. 2019d. “Turkish Energy Profile and Strategy.” Available at: www.mfa.gov.tr/turkeys-energy-strategy.en.mfa (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Turkish Ministry of Foreign Affairs. 2019e. “Press Release Regarding Turkey 2018 Human Rights Report of the US Department of State.” No. 55, March 14. Available at: www.mfa.gov.tr/no_55_-abd-insan-haklari-raporu-hk.en.mfa (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Turkish Statistical Institute (TurkStat). 2017. “Foreign Trade Statitstics”. Available at: www.turkstat.gov.tr/PreTablo.do?alt_id=1046 (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Turkish Review. 2012. “Economic Performance, Domestic Terrorism and Military Solutions,” October 1. Available at: www.turkishreview.org/departments/economic-performance-domestic-terrorism-and-military-solutions_540603 (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Tusk, Donald. 2016. Remarks after the Signature of the EU–NATO Declaration, July 8. Available at: www.consilium.europa.eu/en/press/press-releases/2016/07/08-tusk-remarks-eu-nato-joint-declaration/ (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Türbedar, Erhan. 2011. “Turkey’s New Activism in the Western Balkans: Ambitions and Obstacles.” Insight Turkey 13(3): 139158.Google Scholar
Türbedar, Erhan. 2012. “Türk Dış Politikası Balkanlar’da Nasıl Algılanıyor? [How Is the Turkish Foreign Policy Perceived in the Balkans?]” Türkiye Ekonomi Politikaları Araştırma Vakfı, No. 201225, April. Available at: www.tepav.org.tr/upload/files/1335363622–9.Turk_Dis_Politikasi_Balkanlar___da_Nasil_Algilaniyor.pdf (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Türkeş, Mustafa, Rüma, Ş. İnan, and Akşit, Sait. 2012. “Kriz Sarmalında Bosna-Hersek: ‘Devlet Krizi’ [Cycles of Crises in Bosnia-Herzegovina: the ‘State Crisis’].” Boğaziçi Üniversitesi-TÜSİAD Dış Politika Forumu Araştırma Raporu DPF 2012-RR 02.Google Scholar
Uğur, Mehmet. 2010. “Open-Ended Membership Prospect and Commitment Credibility: Explaining the Deadlock in EU–Turkey Accession Negotiations.” Journal of Common Market Studies 48(4): 967991.Google Scholar
United States. 2014. National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2015. 113/291 (December 19, 2014). Washington: US Government Publishing Office.Google Scholar
United States. 2017. Countering America’s Adversaries through Sanctions Act. 115/44 (August 2, 2017). Washington: US Government Publishing Office.Google Scholar
United States. 2018. National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2019. 115/232 (August 13, 2018). Washington: US Government Publishing Office.Google Scholar
United States Department of Defense. 2018. “Status of the US Relationship with the Republic of Turkey: Unclassified Executive Summary.” FY19 NDAA Sec 1282 Report, November 26. Available at: https://fas.org/man/eprint/dod-turkey.pdf (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
United States Department of State. 2017. “US Relations with Turkey.” Available at: www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/3432.htm (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
United States General Accounting Office. 1982. “The Defense and Economic Cooperation Agreement – US Interests and Turkish Needs.” ID-82–31, May 7.Google Scholar
Ülgen, Sinan. 2008. “The Evolving EU, NATO and Turkey Relationship: Implications for Transatlantic Security.” EDAM Discussion Paper Series 2, April.Google Scholar
Ülgen, Sinan. 2014. Speech Transcript, Turkey: An Emerging Power in a Changing Middle East Conference, Council on Foreign Relations, Istanbul, June 18. Available at: www.cfr.org/projects/world/turkey-an-emerging-power-in-a-changing-middle-east/pr1685 (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Ülgen, Sinan. 2016. “Turkey Power Shift Upends EU Refugee Deal.” Politico, May 5. Available at: www.politico.eu/article/turkey-power-shift-hurts-eu-refugee-deal-migration-ahmet-davutoglu-recep-tayyip-erdogan/ (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Ünal, Ali. 2017a. “Turkey Likely to Close S-400 Missile Deal with Russia.” Daily Sabah, February 22. Available at: www.dailysabah.com/defense/2017/02/22/turkey-likely-to-close-s-400-missile-deal-with-russia (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Ünal, Ali. 2017b. “Turkey to Buy 2 Batteries of S-400 Systems from Russia.” Daily Sabah, March 23. Available at: www.dailysabah.com/politics/2017/03/24/turkey-to-buy-2-batteries-of-s-400-systems-from-russia (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Ünlühisarcikli, Özgür. 2018. “Polarization Paves the Way for Populism and Majoritarianism in Turkey,” The German Marshall Fund of the United States, March 21. Available at: www.gmfus.org/blog/2018/03/21/polarization-paves-way-populism-and-majoritarianism-turkey?utm_source=email&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=%23metoo%20underscores%20human%20rights%20abuses%20at%20core%20of%20liberal%20democracies (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Ünver, Akın. 2014a. “Pax Erdogana: Is This the End of an Era?” Al Jazeera, October 27. Available at: www.aljazeera.com/indepth/opinion/2014/10/pax-erdogana-this-end-an-era-2014102751353514897.html (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Ünver, Akın. 2014b. Speech Transcript, Turkey: An Emerging Power in a Changing Middle East Conference, Council on Foreign Relations, Istanbul, June 18. Available at: www.cfr.org/projects/world/turkey-an-emerging-power-in-a-changing-middle-east/pr1685 (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Van Eekelen, Willem F. 2005. “The Parliamentary Dimension of Defense Procurement Requirements, Production, Cooperation and Acquisition.” Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces Occasional Paper No. 5, March.Google Scholar
Vejvoda, Ivan. 2016. “The Balkans: No War in Sight.” Commentary, The German Marshall Fund of the United States. February 17. Available at: www.gmfus.org/commentary/balkans-no-war-sight#sthash.0hgBMFGj.dpuf (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Vicini, Caroline. 2016. Conference Remarks, Middle East Institute Conference on Turkey, Washington DC, September 30.Google Scholar
Vogel, Toby, and Brand, Constant. 2010. “NATO Chief Urges EU to Give Turkey Security Role.” European Dialogue, September 29. Available at: www.eurodialogue.eu/osce/NATO-Chief-Urges-EU-To-Give-Turkey-Security-Role (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Voskopoulos, George. 2013. “Turkey and the Balkan Subordinate Security System: From the Cold War to the Post-Cold War Era.” In Mulalić, Muhidin, Korkut, Hasan, and Nuroğlu, Elif (Eds.), Turkish-Balkans Relations: The Future Prospects of Cultural, Political and Economic Transformations and Relations. Istanbul: Tasam Yayinlari, pp. 235256.Google Scholar
Vračić, Alida. 2016. “Turkey’s Role in the Western Balkans.” Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik, RP 11, December, Berlin.Google Scholar
Walker, William, and Gummett, Paul. 1989. “Britain and the European Armaments Market.” International Affairs 65(3): 419442.Google Scholar
Wallander, Celeste A. 2000. “Institutional Assets and Adaptability: NATO after the Cold War.” International Organization 54(4): 705735.Google Scholar
Walsh, Alistair. 2017. “Turkey Will Not Beg for German Troops to Stay at Incirlik Base.” Deutsche Welle, May 18. Available at: www.dw.com/en/turkey-will-not-beg-for-german-troops-to-stay-at-incirlik-base/a-38887076 (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Walt, Stephen M. 1987. The Origins of Alliances. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Walt, Stephen M. 1997. “Why Alliances Endure or Collapse.” Survival 39(1): 156179.Google Scholar
Walt, Stephen M. 2006. Taming American Power: The Global Response to US Primacy. New York: W. W. Norton & Company.Google Scholar
Walt, Stephen M. 2009. “Alliances in a Unipolar World.” World Politics 61(1): 86120.Google Scholar
Walt, Stephen M. 2013. “On Iran, Try Backscratching, Not Blackmail.” Foreign Policy, February 22. Available at: http://foreignpolicy.com/2013/02/22/on-iran-try-backscratching-not-blackmail/ (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Wang, Lina. 2016. “Will Turkey Join the Shanghai Cooperation Organization Instead of the EU?” The Diplomat, November 24. Available at: http://thediplomat.com/2016/11/will-turkey-join-the-shanghai-cooperation-organization-instead-of-the-eu/ (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Weiser, Benjamin. 2017. “Erdogan Helped Turks Evade Iran Sanctions, Reza Zarrab Says,” New York Times, November 30. Available at: www.nytimes.com/2017/11/30/world/europe/erdogan-turkey-iran-sanctions.html (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Wemer, David. 2018. “NATO Ministers Preach Unity, but Divisions Persist.” Atlantic Council, July 11. Available at: www.atlanticcouncil.org/blogs/new-atlanticist/framing-the-debate-nato-engages (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Whitaker, Beth Elise. 2010. “Soft Balancing among Weak States? Evidence from Africa.” International Affairs 86(5): 11091127.Google Scholar
Wikileaks. 2010. “What Lies Beneath Ankara’s New Foreign Policy.” January 20. Available at: https://wikileaks.org/plusd/cables/10ANKARA87_a.html (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Wirtz, James J. 2004. “The Balance of Power Paradox.” In Paul, T. V., Wirtz, James J., and Fortmann, Michel (Eds.), Balance of Power: Theory and Practice in the 21st Century. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, pp. 127149.Google Scholar
World Bulletin. 2013. “Erdoğan Expresses Willingness to Improve Ties with Surinam.” March 8. Available at: www.worldbulletin.net/?aType=haber&ArticleID=104400 (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Yavuz, Ercan. 2011. “Defense Giants Compete in Turkish Tender for Long-Range Missiles.” Today’s Zaman, January 2.Google Scholar
Yavuz, M. Hakan. 2001. “Değişen Türk Kimliği ve Dış Politika: Neo-Osmanlılığın Yükselişi” [Changing Turkish Identity and Foreign Policy: The Rise of Neo-Ottomanism]. In Çalış, Saban H., Dağı, İhsan D., and Gözen, Ramazan (Eds.), Türkiye’nin Dıs Politika Gündemi: Kimlik, Demokrasi, Güvenlik [Turkish Foreign Policy Agenda: Identity, Democracy, and Security]. Ankara: Liberte Yayınları.Google Scholar
Yenigün, Cüneyt. 2011. “Turkey’s Balkan Policy: Resurrection of Turkey in the Balkans.” In Yenigün, Cüneyt and Gjana, Ferdinand (Eds.), Balkans: Foreign Affairs, Politics, and Socio-Cultures. Tirana: Epoka University Publications, pp. 531550.Google Scholar
Yeşiltaş, Murat, and Balcı, Ali. 2013. “Dictionary of Turkish Foreign Policy in the AK Party Era: A Conceptual Map.” Sam Papers 7: 137.Google Scholar
Yılmaz, Buğra. 2014. The Readmission Agreement between the EU and Turkey: Compatible with the Right to Seek Asylum? Masters Thesis in International Public Law, Uppsala University, Department of Law. Available at: https://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:722210/FULLTEXT01.pdf (Accessed 5 April 2019).Google Scholar
Yılmaz, Hakan. 2011. “Euroscepticism in Turkey: Parties, Elites, and Public Opinion.” South European Society and Politics 16(1): 185208.Google Scholar
Yinanç, Barçin. 2018. “How Will Turkey Trade with Iran with Sanctions Back and Halkbank on Target?” Hürriyet Daily News, July 10. Available at: www.hurriyetdailynews.com/opinion/barcin-yinanc/how-will-turkey-trade-with-iran-with-sanctions-back-and-halkbank-on-target-134372 (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Yohannes, Athina Tesfa. 2011. “Easing Back in: The Balkan’s Re-Introduction to Turkey.” BILGESAM (Wise Man Center for Strategic Studies), Istanbul, April 4. Available at: www.bilgesam.org/en/incele/1875/-easing-back-in–the-balkans–re-introduction-to-turkey/#.VwVnX8eodSU (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Young, Alex. 2016. “Turkey Banks on the Balkans.” BNE Intellinews, January 5. Available at: www.intellinews.com/comment-turkey-banks-on-the-balkans-87924/ (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Zaman, Amberin. 2017. “Kurds Call on US to Set Up No-Fly Zone After Turkish Attacks.” Al Monitor, April 25. Available at: www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2017/04/turkey-strike-kurds-sinjar-syria.html (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar
Zanotti, Jim. 2011. “Turkey–US Defense Cooperation: Prospects and Challenges.” Congressional Research Service Report 7–5700 R41761, April 8.Google Scholar
Zanotti, Jim, and Thomas, Clayton. 2017. “Turkey: Background and US Relations in Brief.” Congressional Research Service Report 7–5700 R44000, March 21.Google Scholar
Zarakol, Ayse. 2011. After Defeat: How the East Learned to Live with the West. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Zarakol, Ayse (Ed.). 2017. Hierarchies in World Politics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Zierler, David. 2014. “Foreign Relations of the United States, 1977–1980, Volume XXI” Office of the Historian. US Department of State. Available at: https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1977-80v21/preface (accessed April 5, 2019).Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure [email protected] is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

  • Bibliography
  • Oya Dursun-Özkanca
  • Book: Turkey–West Relations
  • Online publication: 15 November 2019
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781316998960.011
Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

  • Bibliography
  • Oya Dursun-Özkanca
  • Book: Turkey–West Relations
  • Online publication: 15 November 2019
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781316998960.011
Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

  • Bibliography
  • Oya Dursun-Özkanca
  • Book: Turkey–West Relations
  • Online publication: 15 November 2019
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781316998960.011
Available formats
×