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Chapter 12 - The Immune System and Anxiety Disorders

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 September 2021

By
Vasiliki Michopoulos  and
Tanja Jovanovic
Edited by
Golam Khandaker ,
Neil Harrison ,
Edward Bullmore  and
Robert Dantzer
Golam Khandaker
Affiliation:
University of Cambridge
Neil Harrison
Affiliation:
Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC)
Edward Bullmore
Affiliation:
University of Cambridge
Robert Dantzer
Affiliation:
University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center
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Summary

Anxiety disorders, including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), panic disorder (PD) and phobias (including social phobia and agoraphobia), are the most common (1) and most economically costly psychiatric conditions (2). All anxiety disorders are characterized by pathological fear reactions and/or anxiety (3) in response to stimuli specific to each disorder in the absence of danger (4). Impairments in the ability to extinguish learned fear in response to specific stimuli and to learn safety behaviours are also cardinal characteristics of anxiety disorders (4). Because anxiety disorders are highly comorbid with other psychiatric conditions and adverse physical health conditions that increase mortality, including cardiovascular disease, obesity and diabetes (1,5), biomedical research has focused on defining the mechanisms underlying anxiety disorders.

Type
Chapter
Information
Textbook of Immunopsychiatry , pp. 233 - 257
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2021

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