Epistemology in the Tanakh has been studied in one of its chapters (Chapters 2–4) and among verses (Chapter 5) where knowledge appears with quite unusual textual densities, and a book will now be examined that is similarly underscored by the corpus. Qoheleth’s approach to knowledge allows Qoheleth to be compared to early Greek thought in ways that illuminate the meta-epistemic setting of modernity, where epistemology derived from Greeks (philosophy and science) replaces what was thought to be epistemology derived from Hebrews (biblical revelation). An epistemic comparison of the Greeks and Qoheleth makes possible a fresh appraisal of modernity’s views of ancient Greeks (who are not always rational) and ancient Hebrews (who can think critically), as it leads to new understandings of modern Europeans.