In Chapter 13, we synthesize the findings from Chapters 9-12 into two broad models: one depicting the consequences of mental illness for narrative identity and one portraying narrative identity as a source of well-being when living with mental illness. We suggest that our model of consequences for narrative identity supplements diathesis-stress theories by expanding on the personal impact of mental illness rather than vulnerability and stress causing psychopathology. Further, we propose that interventions could benefit from addressing these costs to narrative identity. We then relate our two broad models to personal recovery, pointing out that together they capture the identity consequences individuals may need to recover from as well as identity resources to a life worth living.