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Summary

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 October 2021

Stephen M. Stahl  and
Meghan M. Grady
Illustrated by
Nancy Muntner
Stephen M. Stahl
Affiliation:
University of California, San Diego
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Summary

  • • Anxiety and fear are normal responses to stressors

  • • The emotional, behavioral, and physical manifestations of anxiety and fear are mediated in large part by amygdala-centered circuits

  • • Pathological anxiety may develop when repeated stressors and genetic vulnerabilities combine and lead to stress-sensitization within those circuits

  • • Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a particularly prevalent disorder with significant functional consequences

  • • First-line treatment options for PTSD include cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT—exposure, cognitive restructuring), selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, and serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors

  • • There are also many second-line and adjunct treatment options (pharmacological and non-pharmacological)

  • • Most patients with PTSD have at least one comorbid disorder, which can affect treatment decisions

  • • Military personnel face unique circumstances that put them at particular risk for PTSD

Type
Chapter
Information
Stahl's Illustrated Anxiety, Stress, and PTSD , pp. 169
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2010

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