Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-g7gxr Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-05T22:33:21.432Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

References

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 April 2018

Stephanie J. Rickard
Affiliation:
London School of Economics and Political Science
Get access

Summary

Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'
Type
Chapter
Information
Spending to Win
Political Institutions, Economic Geography, and Government Subsidies
, pp. 216 - 235
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2018

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Aardal, Bernt. 1990. “The Norwegian Parliamentary Election of 1989.” Electoral Studies 9 (2): 151158.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Aardal, Bernt. 2011. “The Norwegian Electoral System and Its Political Consequences.” World Political Science 7 (1). doi:10.2202/1935–6226.1105.Google Scholar
Aberbach, Joel D. 1990. Keeping a Watchful Eye: The Politics of Congressional Oversight. Brookings Institution Press: Washington D.C.Google Scholar
Aghion, Philippe, Dewatripont, Mathias, Du, Luosha, Harrison, Ann E., and Legros, Patrick. 2011. “Industrial Policy and Competition.” SSRN Scholarly Paper ID 1811643. Social Science Research Network. http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=1811643.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Aidt, Toke S., Golden, Miriam A., and Tiwari, Devesh. 2011. “Incumbents and Criminals in the Indian National Legislature.” Working Paper. Faculty of Economics. www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/242058.Google Scholar
Aiken, Leona S., West, Stephen G., and Reno, Raymond R.. 1991. Multiple Regression: Testing and Interpreting Interactions. Newbury Park, Calif.: Sage Publications.Google Scholar
Alesina, Alberto, Roubini, Nouriel, and Cohen, Gerald D..1997. Political Cycles and the Macroeconomy. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press.Google Scholar
Allen, Will. 2004. “Fact Sheet on U.S. Cotton Subsidies and Cotton Production.” www.organicconsumers.org/old_articles/clothes/224subsidies.php.Google Scholar
Alt, James E., Carlsen, Fredrik, Heum, Per, and Johansen, Kåre. 1999. “Asset Specificity and the Political Behavior of Firms: Lobbying for Subsidies in Norway.” International Organization 53 (1): 99116. doi:10.1162/002081899550823.Google Scholar
Alt, James E. and Gilligan, Michael. 1994. “The Political Economy of Trading States: Factor Specificity, Collective Action Problems and Domestic Political Institutions.” Journal of Political Philosophy 2 (2): 165192. doi:10.1111/j.1467–9760.1994.tb00020.x.Google Scholar
Alvarez, R. Michael and Saving, Jason L.. 1997. “Deficits, Democrats, and Distributive Benefits: Congressional Elections and the Pork Barrel in the 1980s.” Political Research Quarterly 50 (4): 809831. doi:10.1177/106591299705000405.Google Scholar
Ames, Barry. 1995. “Electoral Strategy under Open-List Proportional Representation.” American Journal of Political Science 39 (2): 406433. doi:10.2307/2111619.Google Scholar
Anderson, Christopher J. and Beramendi, Pablo. 2012. “Left Parties, Poor Voters, and Electoral Participation in Advanced Industrial Societies.” Comparative Political Studies 45 (6): 714746. doi:10.1177/0010414011427880.Google Scholar
Anderson, Kym. 2009. “Distorted Agricultural Incentives and Economic Development: Asia’s Experience.” The World Economy 32(3): 351–84.Google Scholar
Anderson, Kym and Johan, F. Swinnen, M.. 2008. Distortions to Agricultural Incentives in Europe’s Transition Economies. Washington, DC: World Bank. http://public.eblib.com/choice/publicfullrecord.aspx?p=459326.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Andersson, David Emanuel, Andersson, Åke E., Hårsman, Björn, and Daghbashyan, Zara. 2015. “Unemployment in European Regions: Structural Problems versus the Eurozone Hypothesis.” Journal of Economic Geography 15 (5): 883905. doi:10.1093/jeg/lbu058.Google Scholar
Andrew-Gee, Eric. 2015. “Anxiety Pervades Quebec’s Dairy Farms as TPP Talks Heat Up.” The Globe and Mail, July 31. www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/anxiety-pervades-quebecs-dairy-farms-as-tpp-talks-heat-up/article25810043/.Google Scholar
Ansolabehere, Stephen, Gerber, Alan, and Snyder, James. 2002. “Equal Votes, Equal Money: Court-Ordered Redistricting and Public Expenditures in the American States.” The American Political Science Review 96 (4): 767777.Google Scholar
Arbia, Giuseppe. 2001. “Modelling the geography of economic activities on a continuous space.” Papers in Regional Science 80(4): 411-424.Google Scholar
Ardelean, Adina and Evans, Carolyn L.. 2013. “Electoral Systems and Protectionism: An Industry-Level Analysis.” Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue Canadienne D’économique 46 (2): 725764. doi:10.1111/caje.12030.Google Scholar
Arnold, R. Douglas. 1990. The Logic of Congressional Action. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Ásgeirsdóttir, Áslaug. 2008. Who Gets What: Domestic Influences on International Negotiations Allocating Shared Resources. Albany, N.Y.: SUNY Press. http://public.eblib.com/choice/publicfullrecord.aspx?p=3407415.Google Scholar
Ashworth, Scott and de Mesquita, Ethan Bueno. 2006. “Delivering the Goods: Legislative Particularism in Different Electoral and Institutional Settings.” Journal of Politics 68 (1): 168–79. doi:10.1111/j.1468–2508.2006.00378.x.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Austrian Wine Marketing Board. 2016. “Austrian Wine Statistics Report.” www.austrianwine.com. Accessed July 13, 2017. www.austrianwine.com/facts-figures/austrian-wine-statistics-report/.Google Scholar
Autor, David, Dorn, David, Hanson, Gordon, and Majlesi, Kaveh. 2016. “Importing Political Polarization? The Electoral Consequences of Rising Trade Exposure.” NBER Working Paper No. 22637. Issued in September 2016.Google Scholar
Autor, David H., Dorn, David, and Hanson, Gordon H.. 2013. “The Geography of Trade and Technology Shocks in the United States.” The American Economic Review 103 (3): 220225. doi:10.1257/aer.103.3.220.Google Scholar
Aydin, Umut. 2007. “Promoting Industries in the Global Economy: Subsidies in OECD Countries, 1989 to 1995.” Journal of European Public Policy 14 (1): 115131. doi:10.1080/13501760601071976.Google Scholar
Bailey, Alan. 2013. “Not All ‘the Bad Old Days’: Revisiting Labour’s 1970s Industrial Strategy.” www.ippr.org/juncture/not-all-the-bad-old-days-revisiting-labours-1970s-industrial-strategy.Google Scholar
Bailey, Michael. 2001. “Quiet Influence: The Representation of Diffuse Interests on Trade Policy, 1983–94.” Legislative Studies Quarterly 26 (1): 4580. doi:10.2307/440403.Google Scholar
Balla, Steven J., Lawrence, Eric D., Maltzman, Forrest, and Sigelman, Lee. 2002. “Partisanship, Blame Avoidance, and the Distribution of Legislative Pork.” American Journal of Political Science 46 (3): 515–25. doi:10.2307/3088396.Google Scholar
Ballard-Rosa, Cameron, J. Rickard, Stephanie, and Scheve, Ken. 2017. “Liberal Populism: Public Support for Globalization in Post-Brexit United Kingdom.” Working paper. University of North Carolina.Google Scholar
Banks, Jeffrey S. 1989. “Agency Budgets, Cost Information, and Auditing.” American Journal of Political Science 33 (3): 670699. doi:10.2307/2111068.Google Scholar
Barber, Benjamin. 2014. “The Political Economy of Decline.” Duke University. PhD thesis.Google Scholar
Barkan, Joel D., Densham, Paul J., and Rushton, Gerard. 2006. “Space Matters: Designing Better Electoral Systems for Emerging Democracies.” American Journal of Political Science 50 (4): 926939. doi:10.1111/j.1540–5907.2006.00224.x.Google Scholar
Bawn, Kathleen and Rosenbluth, Frances. 2006. “Short versus Long Coalitions: Electoral Accountability and the Size of the Public Sector.” American Journal of Political Science 50 (2): 251–65. doi:10.1111/j.1540–5907.2006.00182.x.Google Scholar
Beattie, Alan. 2014. “The US and India: A Trade Truce with a Twist.” Financial Times. November 19. http://blogs.ft.com/beyond-brics/2014/11/19/the-us-and-india-a-trade-truce-with-a-twist/. Accessed March 13, 2017.Google Scholar
BBC. 2009. “Saab Board Ends Emergency Meeting,” February 19, sec. Business. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/7899244.stm.Google Scholar
Beck, Thorsten, Clarke, George, Groff, Alberto, Keefer, Philip, and Walsh, Patrick. 2001. “New Tools in Comparative Political Economy: The Database of Political Institutions.” The World Bank Economic Review 15 (1): 165176. doi:10.1093/wber/15.1.165.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Becker, Gary S. 1985. “Public Policies, Pressure Groups, and Dead Weight Costs.” Journal of Public Economics 28 (3): 329347. doi:10.1016/0047–2727(85)90063–5.Google Scholar
Beghin, John C., El Osta, Barbara, Cherlow, Jay R., and Mohanty, Samarendu. 2003. “The Cost of the U.S. Sugar Program Revisited.” Contemporary Economic Policy 21 (1): 106–16. doi:10.1093/cep/21.1.106.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bendor, Jonathan, Taylor, Serge, and Van Gaalen., Roland 1987. “Politicians, Bureaucrats, and Asymmetric Information.” American Journal of Political Science 31 (4): 796828. doi:10.2307/2111225.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Beramendi, Pablo. 2012. The Political Geography of Inequality: Regions and Redistribution. New York, N.Y.: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Ben, Bernanke, Rogoff, Kenneth, and National Bureau of Economic Research, eds. 2001. NBER Macroeconomics Annual 2000. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press.Google Scholar
Besley, Timothy and Seabright, Paul. 1999. “The Effects and Policy Implications of State Aids to Industry: An Economic Analysis.” Economic Policy 14 (28): 1453. doi:10.1111/1468–0327.00043.Google Scholar
Blais, André. 1986. “The Political Economy of Public Subsidies.” Comparative Political Studies 19 (2): 201216. doi:10.1177/0010414086019002002.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Blais, André and Massicotte, Louis. 1997. “Electoral Formulas: A Macroscopic Perspective.” European Journal of Political Research 32 (1): 107129. doi:10.1023/A:1006839007213.Google Scholar
Blauberger, Michael. 2009. “Of ‘Good’ and ‘Bad’ Subsidies: European State Aid Control through Soft and Hard Law.” West European Politics 32 (4): 719737. doi:10.1080/01402380902945300.Google Scholar
Blomström, Magnus, Kokko, Ari, and Mucchielli, Jean-Louis. 2003. “The Economics of Foreign Direct Investment Incentives,” in Foreign Direct Investment in the Real and Financial Sector of Industrial Countries, edited by Herrmann, Heinz and Lipsey, Robert, 3760. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978–3-540–24736-4_3.Google Scholar
Boix, Carles. 1999. “Setting the Rules of the Game: The Choice of Electoral Systems in Advanced Democracies.” American Political Science Review 93 (3): 609624. doi:10.2307/2585577.Google Scholar
Bown, Chad P. 2017. “Trump’s Threat of Steel Tariffs Heralds Big Changes in Trade Policy,” Washington Post. April 21, 2017.Google Scholar
Brambor, Thomas, Clark, William Roberts, and Golder, Matt. 2006. “Understanding Interaction Models: Improving Empirical Analyses.” Political Analysis 14 (1): 6382. doi:10.1093/pan/mpi014.Google Scholar
Brander, James A. and Spencer, Barbara J.. 1985. “Export Subsidies and International Market Share Rivalry.” Journal of International Economics 18 (1): 83100. doi:10.1016/0022–1996(85)90006–6.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Braunerhjelm, Pontus and Borgman, Benny. 2004. “Geographical Concentration, Entrepreneurship and Regional Growth: Evidence from Regional Data in Sweden, 1975–99.” Regional Studies 38 (8): 929947. doi:10.1080/0034340042000280947.Google Scholar
Brouard, Sylvain, Costa, Olivier, Kerrouche, Eric, and Schnatterer, Tinette. 2013. “Why Do French MPs Focus More on Constituency Work than on Parliamentary Work?” The Journal of Legislative Studies 19 (2): 141159. doi:10.1080/13572334.2013.787194.Google Scholar
Broz, J. Lawrence. 2005. “Congressional Politics of International Financial Rescues.” American Journal of Political Science 49 (3): 479–96. doi:10.1111/j.1540–5907.2005.00137.x.Google Scholar
Brülhart, Marius and Traeger, Rolf. 2005. “An Account of Geographic Concentration Patterns in Europe.” Regional Science and Urban Economics 35 (6): 597624. doi:10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2004.09.002.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brunori, David. 2014. “Where Is the Outrage Over Corporate Welfare?” Forbes. Accessed July 26, 2107 www.forbes.com/sites/taxanalysts/2014/03/14/where-is-the-outrage-over-corporate-welfare/.Google Scholar
Buenstorf, Guido and Guenther, Christina. 2010. “No Place like Home? Relocation, Capabilities, and Firm Survival in the German Machine Tool Industry after World War II.” Industrial and Corporate Change, September, dtq055. doi:10.1093/icc/dtq055.Google Scholar
Busch, Marc L. and Reinhardt, Eric. 2000. “Geography, International Trade, and Political Mobilization in U.S. Industries.” American Journal of Political Science 44 (4): 703719. doi:10.2307/2669276.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Busch, Marc L. and Reinhardt, Eric. 2005. “Industrial Location and Voter Participation in Europe.” British Journal of Political Science 35 (4): 713730. doi:10.1017/S0007123405000360.Google Scholar
Buts, Caroline, Jegers, Marc, and Jottier, Dimi. 2012. “The Effect of Subsidising Firms on Voting Behaviour: Evidence from Flemish Elections.” European Journal of Government and Economics 1 (1): 3043.Google Scholar
Calvert, Randall L., McCubbins, Mathew D., and Weingast, Barry R.. 1989. “A Theory of Political Control and Agency Discretion.” American Journal of Political Science 33 (3): 588611. doi:10.2307/2111064.Google Scholar
Calvo, Ernesto and Murillo, Maria Victoria. 2004. “Who Delivers? Partisan Clients in the Argentine Electoral Market.” American Journal of Political Science 48 (4): 742–57. doi:10.1111/j.0092–5853.2004.00099.x.Google Scholar
Campos, Cecilia. 2012. “The Geographical Concentration of Industries.” United Kingdom: Office of National Statistics. http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20160105160709/www.ons.gov.uk/ons/dcp171766_272232.pdf.Google Scholar
Carey, John M. and Hix, Simon. 2011. “The Electoral Sweet Spot: Low-Magnitude Proportional Electoral Systems.” American Journal of Political Science 55 (2): 383–97. doi:10.1111/j.1540–5907.2010.00495.x.Google Scholar
Carey, John M. and Shugart, Matthew Soberg. 1995. “Incentives to Cultivate a Personal Vote: A Rank Ordering of Electoral Formulas.” Electoral Studies 14 (4): 417439. doi:10.1016/0261–3794(94)00035–2.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Carlsson, Bo. 1983. “Industrial Subsidies in Sweden: Macro-Economic Effects and an International Comparison.” The Journal of Industrial Economics 32 (1): 123. doi:10.2307/2097983.Google Scholar
Carnegy, Hugh. 2013. “France Defends Cultural Barricades in Digital Era.” Financial Times, May 13, 2013. https://www.ft.com/content/b60f4182-bbea-11e2-a4b4-00144feab7deGoogle Scholar
Carnegy, Hugh and Stothard, Michael. 2014. “French Industry Minister Assails Brussels on State Aid for Industry.” Financial Times, January 22, 2014. www.ft.com/cms/s/0/99515d88-8367-11e3-86c9-00144feab7de.html#axzz4H2MCuSJq.Google Scholar
Cassing, James, McKeown, Timothy J., and Ochs, Jack. 1986. “The Political Economy of the Tariff Cycle.” American Political Science Review 80 (3): 843862. doi:10.2307/1960541.Google Scholar
Chakrabortty, Aditya. 2015. “The £93bn Handshake: Businesses Pocket Huge Subsidies and Tax Breaks.” The Guardian, July 7, sec. Politics. www.theguardian.com/politics/2015/jul/07/corporate-welfare-a-93bn-handshake.Google Scholar
Chang, Eric C. C. and Golden, Miriam A. 2007. “Electoral Systems, District Magnitude and Corruption.” British Journal of Political Science 37 (1): 115137. doi:10.1017/S0007123407000063.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chang, Eric C. C., Kayser, Mark Andreas, Linzer, Drew, and Rogowski, Ronald. 2010. Electoral Systems and the Balance of Consumer-Producer Power. Leiden: Cambridge University Press. http://public.eblib.com/choice/publicfullrecord.aspx?p=615739.Google Scholar
Chang, Eric C. C., Kayser, Mark Andreas, and Rogowski, Ronald. 2008. “Electoral Systems and Real Prices: Panel Evidence for the OECD Countries, 1970–2000.” British Journal of Political Science 38 (4): 739751.Google Scholar
Chase, Kerry. 2015. “Domestic Geography and Policy Pressures,” in The Oxford Handbook of the Political Economy of International Trade, edited by Martin, Lisa, 316334. New York, N.Y.: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Chassany, Anne-Sylvaine. 2016. “France to buy unneeded trains to save Belfort factory.” Financial Times. October 4, 2016. www.ft.com/content/9e7deeee-8a07-11e6-8aa5-f79f5696c731.Google Scholar
Cini, Michelle. 2001. “The Soft Law Approach: Commission Rule-Making in the EU’s State Aid Regime.” Journal of European Public Policy 8 (2): 192207. doi:10.1080/13501760110041541.Google Scholar
Clark, William Roberts, Golder, Matt, and Golder, Sona Nadenichek. 2013. Principles of Comparative Politics. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Google Scholar
Colantone, Italo and Stanig, Piero. 2016. “Globalisation and Brexit.” In Press.Google Scholar
Costa, Olivier and Kerrouche, Eric. 2009. “Representative Roles in the French National Assembly: The Case for a Dual Typology?French Politics 7 (3–4): 219242. doi:10.1057/fp.2009.16.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Costa-i-Font, Joan, Rodriguez-Oreggia, Eduardo, and Lunapla, Dario. 2003. “Political Competition and Pork-Barrel.” Public Choice 116 (1–2): 185204. doi:10.1023/A:1024263208736.Google Scholar
Cowell, Frank A. 1980. “On the Structure of Additive Inequality Measures.” The Review of Economic Studies 47 (3): 521531. doi:10.2307/2297303.Google Scholar
Cowell, Frank A. 1995. Measuring Inequality. London; New York, N.Y.: Prentice Hall/Harvester Wheatsheaf.Google Scholar
Cowell, Frank A. 2000. “Chapter 2 Measurement of Inequality,” in Handbook of Income Distribution, 1, edited by A.B. Atkinson and F. Bourguignon, 87166. Elsevier. www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1574005600800056.Google Scholar
Cox, Gary W. 1987. “Electoral Equilibrium under Alternative Voting Institutions.” American Journal of Political Science 31 (1): 82108. doi:10.2307/2111325.Google Scholar
Cox, Gary W.. 1990. “Centripetal and Centrifugal Incentives in Electoral Systems.” American Journal of Political Science 34 (4): 903–35. doi:10.2307/2111465.Google Scholar
Cox, Gary W.. 1997. Making Votes Count: Strategic Coordination in the World’s Electoral Systems. New York: Cambridge University Press. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139174954.Google Scholar
Cox, Gary W. and McCubbins, Mathew D.. 1986. “Electoral Politics as a Redistributive Game.” The Journal of Politics 48 (2): 370389. doi:10.2307/2131098.Google Scholar
Cox, Gary W. and McCubbins, Mathew D.. 1993. Legislative Leviathan: Party Government in the House. Berkeley, Calif.: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Cox, Gary W. and McCubbins, Mathew D.. 2001. “The Institutional Determinants of Economic Policy Outcomes,” in Presidents, Parliaments, and Policy, edited by Haggard, Stephan and McCubbins, Mathew D., 2163. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Cox, Gary W. and Rosenbluth, Frances. 1993. “The Electoral Fortunes of Legislative Factions in Japan.” American Political Science Review 87 (3): 577589. doi:10.2307/2938737.Google Scholar
Cox, Karen E. and Schoppa, Leonard J.. 2002. “Interaction Effects in Mixed-Member Electoral Systems Theory and Evidence From Germany, Japan, and Italy.” Comparative Political Studies 35 (9): 10271053. doi:10.1177/001041402237505.Google Scholar
Creative Screen Associates. 2013. “Comparison of French and UK Public Policy and Support Mechanisms for the Film Industry.” www.bectu.org.uk/advice-resources/library/1416.Google Scholar
Criscuolo, Chiara, Martin, Ralf, Overman, Henry, and John, Van Reenen. 2012. “The Causal Effects of an Industrial Policy.” Working Paper 17842. National Bureau of Economic Research. www.nber.org/papers/w17842.Google Scholar
Crisp, Brian F., Escobar-Lemmon, Maria C., Jones, Bradford S., Jones, Mark P., and Taylor-Robinson, Michelle M.. 2004. “Vote-Seeking Incentives and Legislative Representation in Six Presidential Democracies.” Journal of Politics 66 (3): 823846. doi:10.1111/j.1468–2508.2004.00278.x.Google Scholar
Cusack, Thomas R., Iversen, Torben, and Soskice, David. 2007. “Economic Interests and the Origins of Electoral Systems.” American Political Science Review 101 (3): 373391. doi:10.1017/S0003055407070384.Google Scholar
Dale, Martin. 2015. “French Equipment Manufacturer Association – AFFECT – Attends the AFC Micro-Salon.” Variety. February 5. http://variety.com/2015/film/news/french-equipment-manufacturer-association-affect-attends-the-afc-micro-salon-1201426072/.Google Scholar
Database, EWG’s Farm Subsidy. 2016. “EWG’s Farm Subsidy Database.” Accessed July 26, 2017 http://farm.ewg.org/progdetail.php?fips=00000&progcode=cotton&yr=2014&page=district&regionname=theUnitedStates.Google Scholar
Davis, Christina L. 2012. Why Adjudicate? Enforcing Trade Rules in the WTO. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
de Mesquita, Bruce Bueno, Smith, Alastair, Siverson, Randolph, and Morrow, James D. 2003. The Logic of Political Survival. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Denemark, David. 2000. “Partisan Pork Barrel in Parliamentary Systems: Australian Constituency-Level Grants.” The Journal of Politics 62 (3): 896915. doi:10.1111/0022–3816.00039.Google Scholar
Denzau, Arthur T. and Munger, Michael C.. 1986. “Legislators and Interest Groups: How Unorganized Interests Get Represented.” American Political Science Review 80 (1): 89106. doi:10.2307/1957085.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Depauw, Sam and Martin, Shane. 2008. “Legislative Party Discipline and Cohesion in Comparative Perspective,” in Intra-Party Politics and Coalition Governments, edited by Giannetti, Daniela and Benoit, Kenneth. Abington U.K.: Routledge.Google Scholar
Devereux, Michael P., Griffith, Rachel, and Simpson, Helen. 2007. “Firm Location Decisions, Regional Grants and Agglomeration Externalities.” Journal of Public Economics 91 (3–4): 413435. doi:10.1016/j.jpubeco.2006.12.002.Google Scholar
Dewatripont, Mathias, and Seabright, Paul. 2006. “‘Wasteful’ Public Spending and State Aid Control.” Journal of the European Economic Association 4 (2–3): 513522. doi:10.1162/jeea.2006.4.2–3.513.Google Scholar
Dickson, Vaughan. 2009. “Seat-Vote Curves, Loyalty Effects and the Provincial Distribution of Canadian Government Spending.” Public Choice 139 (3–4): 317333. doi:10.1007/s11127-009–9395-1.Google Scholar
Dixit, Avinash and Londregan, John. 1996. “The Determinants of Success of Special Interests in Redistributive Politics.” The Journal of Politics 58 (4): 11321155. doi:10.2307/2960152.Google Scholar
Dolfin, Sarah and Schochet, Peter. 2012. “The Benefits and Costs of the Trade Adjustment Assistance (TAA) Program under the 2002 Amendments.” Princeton, N.J.: Mathematica Policy Research. www.mathematica-mpr.com/our-publications-and-findings/publications/the-benefits-and-costs-of-the-trade-adjustment-assistance-taa-program-under-the-2002-amendments.Google Scholar
Duchêne, François and Shepherd, Geoffrey. 1987. Managing Industrial Change in Western Europe. London; New York, N.Y.: F. Pinter.Google Scholar
Dumais, Guy, Ellison, Glenn, and Glaeser, Edward L.. 2002. “Geographic Concentration as a Dynamic Process.” Review of Economics and Statistics 84 (2): 193204. doi:10.1162/003465302317411479.Google Scholar
Dunleavy, Patrick. 1991. Democracy, Bureaucracy, and Public Choice: Economic Explanations in Political Science. New York, N.Y.: Prentice Hall.Google Scholar
Duverger, Maurice. 1964. An Introduction to the Social Sciences, with Special Reference to Their Methods. New York, N.Y.: F.A. Praeger.Google Scholar
Ehrlich, Sean D. 2007. “Access to Protection: Domestic Institutions and Trade Policy in Democracies.” International Organization 61 (3): 571605. doi:10.1017/S0020818307070191.Google Scholar
Elder, Neil and Gooderham, Rolf. 1978. “The Centre Parties of Norway and SwedenGovernment and Opposition 13 (2): 218–35. doi:10.1111/j.1477–7053.1978.tb00544.x.Google Scholar
Elgie, Robert. 2005. “France: Stacking the Deck,” in The Politics of Electoral Systems, edited by Gallagher, Michael and Mitchell, Paul, 119138. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Ellison, Glenn, and Glaeser, Edward L. 1997. “Geographic Concentration in U.S. Manufacturing Industries: A Dartboard Approach.” Journal of Political Economy 105 (5): 889927. doi:10.1086/262098.Google Scholar
Ellison, Glenn and Glaeser, Edward L.. 1999. “The Geographic Concentration of Industry: Does Natural Advantage Explain Agglomeration?” The American Economic Review 89 (2): 311316.Google Scholar
Ellison, Glenn, Glaeser, Edward L., and Kerr, William R.. 2010. “What Causes Industry Agglomeration? Evidence from Coagglomeration Patterns.” The American Economic Review 100 (3): 11951213. doi:10.1257/aer.100.3.1195.Google Scholar
Epstein, David and O’Halloran, Sharyn. 1994. “Administrative Procedures, Information, and Agency Discretion.” American Journal of Political Science 38 (3): 697722. doi:10.2307/2111603.Google Scholar
Euromonitor International. 2015. “Wine in Austria, Category Briefing.” Oct. 12, 2015.Google Scholar
European Commission. 1995. “XXVth REPORT on Competition Policy.” http://ec.europa.eu/competition/publications/annual_report/1995/en.pdf.Google Scholar
European Commission. 1997. “XXVIIth Report on Competition Policy.” http://ec.europa.eu/competition/publications/annual_report/1997/broch97_en.pdf.Google Scholar
European Commission. 2003. Raising EU R&D Intensity. EUR Community Research 20717. Luxembourg: Off. for Official Publ. of the Europ. Communities.Google Scholar
European Commission. 2009. “Scoreboard 2009 – Spring Update.” Directorate-General for Competition.Google Scholar
European Commission. 2015. “Commission Refers Italy to Court for Failure to Recover Illegal State Aid.” April 29. http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_IP-15–4872%5Fen.htm.Google Scholar
Evans, Carolyn L. 2009. “A Protectionist Bias in Majoritarian Politics: An Empirical Investigation.” Economics & Politics 21 (2): 278307. doi:10.1111/j.1468–0343.2009.00346.x.Google Scholar
Fan, Shenggen and Rao, Neetha. 2003. Public Spending in Developing Countries: Trends. EPTD Discussion Paper. No. 99.Google Scholar
Farrell, Sean. 2016. “EU to Investigate Chinese Steel Subsidies Blamed for Dumping.” The Guardian, May 13, sec. Business. www.theguardian.com/business/2016/may/13/eu-to-investigate-chinese-steel-subsidies-blamed-for-dumping.Google Scholar
Fenno, Richard F. 1978. Home Style: House Members in Their Districts. Boston, Mass.: Little, Brown.Google Scholar
Ferejohn, John A. 1974. Pork Barrel Politics: Rivers and Harbors Legislation, 1947–1968. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press.Google Scholar
Ferrara, Federico and Herron, Erik S.. 2005. “Going It Alone? Strategic Entry under Mixed Electoral Rules.” American Journal of Political Science 49 (1): 1631. doi:10.1111/j.0092–5853.2005.00107.x.Google Scholar
Fiorina, Morris P. 1973. “Electoral Margins, Constituency Influence, and Policy Moderation: A Critical Assessment.” American Politics Quarterly 1 (4): 479498. doi:10.1177/1532673X7300100403.Google Scholar
Fløysand, Arnt and Jakobsen, Stig-Erik. 1999. “The Norwegian Fish Processing Industry: Regional Adaptation and National Policy Implications.” http://brage.bibsys.no/xmlui/handle/11250/162302.Google Scholar
Foroohar, Rana. 2017. “Trump Aims for an Industrial Policy that Works for America.” Financial Times, Monday May 7, 2017. www.ft.com/content/9b6ed79a-318c-11e7-9555-23ef563ecf9aGoogle Scholar
Ford, Robert and Suyker, Wim. 1990. “Industrial Subsidies in the OECD Economies.” OECD Economics Department Working Papers. Paris: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. www.oecd-ilibrary.org/content/workingpaper/062357858637.Google Scholar
Fox, Benjamin. 2013. “EU Pleases France, Widens Film Subsidy Rules.” November 15. https://euobserver.com/news/122114.Google Scholar
Franchino, Fabio and Mainenti, Marco. 2016. “The Electoral Foundations to Noncompliance: Addressing the Puzzle of Unlawful State Aid in the European Union.” Journal of Public Policy. 36 (3): 407436.Google Scholar
Frey, Hugo. 2014. Nationalism and the Cinema in France: Political Mythologies and Film Events, 1945–1995. New York: Berghahn Books.Google Scholar
Frieden, Jeffry A., Lake, David A, and Schultz, Kenneth A. 2010. World Politics: Interests, Interactions, Institutions. New York, N.Y.: W.W. Norton.Google Scholar
Fryde, E. B. 1983. Studies in Medieval Trade and Finance: History Series. London: Hambledon Press.Google Scholar
Gallagher, Michael. 1991. “Proportionality, Disproportionality and Electoral Systems.” Electoral Studies 10 (1): 3351. doi:10.1016/0261–3794(91)90004-C.Google Scholar
Gallagher, Michael, Laver, Michael, and Mair, Peter. 2006. Representative Government in Modern Europe. New York, N.Y.: McGraw-Hill.Google Scholar
Garrett, Geoffrey. 2001. “Globalization and Government Spending around the World.” Studies in Comparative International Development 35 (4): 329. doi:10.1007/BF02732706.Google Scholar
Ghosh, Jayati. 2014. “India Faces Criticism for Blocking Global Trade Deal, but Is It Justified?” The Guardian, August 22, sec. Global development. www.theguardian.com/global-development/poverty-matters/2014/aug/22/india-criticism-blocking-global-trade-deal.Google Scholar
Glaeser, Edward L., ed. 2010. Agglomeration Economics. Chicago, Ill.: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Golden, Miriam and Min, Brian. 2013. “Distributive Politics Around the World.” Annual Review of Political Science 16: 7399. doi:10.1146/annurev-polisci-052209–121553.Google Scholar
Golden, Miriam and Picci, Lucio. 2008. “Pork-Barrel Politics in Postwar Italy, 1953–94.” American Journal of Political Science 52 (2): 268–89. doi:10.1111/j.1540–5907.2007.00312.x.Google Scholar
Golder, Matt. 2005. “Democratic Electoral Systems around the World, 1946–2000.” Electoral Studies 24 (1): 103121.Google Scholar
Grier, Kevin B., Munger, Michael C., and Roberts, Brian E.. 1994. “The Determinants of Industry Political Activity, 1978–1986.” American Political Science Review 88 (4): 911926. doi:10.2307/2082716.Google Scholar
Grossman, Gene M. and Helpman, Elhanan. 1994. “Protection for Sale.” American Economic Review 84 (4): 833–50.Google Scholar
Grossman, Gene M. and Helpman, Elhanan. 2002. Interest Groups and Trade Policy. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Grossman, Gene M. and Helpman, Elhanan. 2005. “A Protectionist Bias in Majoritarian Politics.” The Quarterly Journal of Economics 120 (4): 12391282.Google Scholar
Hankla, Charles R. 2006. “Party Strength and International Trade A Cross-National Analysis.” Comparative Political Studies 39 (9): 11331356. doi:10.1177/0010414005281936.Google Scholar
Hansen, Wendy L. 1990. “The International Trade Commission and the Politics of Protectionism.” American Political Science Review 84 (1): 2146. doi:10.2307/1963628.Google Scholar
Hatfield, John William and Jr.Hauk, William R. 2014. “Electoral Regime and Trade Policy.” Journal of Comparative Economics 42 (3): 518534. doi:10.1016/j.jce.2014.04.003.Google Scholar
Hauk, William R. 2011. “Protection with Many Sellers: An Application to Legislatures with Malapportionment.” Economics & Politics 23 (3): 313344. doi:10.1111/j.1468–0343.2011.00387.x.Google Scholar
Hiscox, Michael J. 2002. International Trade and Political Conflict: Commerce, Coalitions, and Mobility. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Horowitz, Donald L. 1985. Ethnic Groups in Conflict. Berkeley, Calif.: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Huber, Evelyne, Ragin, Charles, and Stephens, John D.. 1993. “Social Democracy, Christian Democracy, Constitutional Structure, and the Welfare State.” American Journal of Sociology 99 (3): 711749.Google Scholar
Huber, John D. 2000. “Delegation to Civil Servants in Parliamentary Democracies.” European Journal of Political Research 37 (3): 397413. doi:10.1023/A:1007033306962.Google Scholar
Huber, John D. and Shipan, Charles R.. 2000. “The Costs of Control: Legislators, Agencies, and Transaction Costs.” Legislative Studies Quarterly 25 (1): 2552. doi:10.2307/440392.Google Scholar
Huber, John D. and Shipan, Charles R.. 2002. Deliberate Discretion?: The Institutional Foundations of Bureaucratic Autonomy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Huber, John D., Shipan, Charles R., and Pfahler, Madelaine. 2001. “Legislatures and Statutory Control of Bureaucracy.” American Journal of Political Science 45 (2): 330345. doi:10.2307/2669344.Google Scholar
Innovation Norway. 2014a. “From Proposal to Profit” http://textlab.io/doc/884608/from-proposal-to-profit.Google Scholar
International Monetary Fund (IMF). 2001. “Government Finance Statistics Manual 2001.” www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/gfs/manual/index.htm.Google Scholar
Inter-Parliamentary Union PARLINE database 2013. http://archive.ipu.org/parline-e/parlinesearch.asp. Last accessed June 13, 2017.Google Scholar
Isaksen, John R. 2000. “Subsidies to the Norwegian Fishing Industry.” Norway: Fiskeriforskning. www.nofima.no/filearchive/Rapport%2013–2000%20Subsidies%20-%20an%20update.pdf.Google Scholar
Iversen, Torben and Soskice, David. 2006. “Electoral Institutions and the Politics of Coalitions: Why Some Democracies Redistribute More Than Others.American Political Science Review (2): 165181. doi:10.1017/S0003055406062083.Google Scholar
Jensen, Nathen M. 2017. “The Effect of Economic Development Incentives and Clawback Provisions on Job Creation: A Pre-Registered Evaluation of Maryland and Virginia Programs.” Research and Politics 4 (2).Google Scholar
Johnson, Joel W. and Wallack, Jessica S.. 2012. “Electoral Systems and the Personal Vote.” hdl:1902.1/17901, Harvard Dataverse, V1.Google Scholar
Johnston, Ron, Rossiter, David, and Pattie, Charles. 2006. “Disproportionality and Bias in the Results of the 2005 General Election in Great Britain: Evaluating the Electoral System’s Impact.” Journal of Elections, Public Opinion and Parties 16 (1): 3754. doi:10.1080/13689880500505157.Google Scholar
Jusko, Karen Long. 2017. Who Speaks for the Poor? Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Kam, Cindy D. and Franzese, Robert J. 2007. Modeling and Interpreting Interactive Hypotheses in Regression Analysis. Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan Press.Google Scholar
Karol, David. 2007. “Does Constituency Size Affect Elected Officials’ Trade Policy Preferences?Journal of Politics 69 (2): 483494. doi:10.1111/j.1468–2508.2007.00545.x.Google Scholar
Katz, Richard S. 1996. “Electoral Reform and the Transformation of Party Politics in Italy.” Party Politics 2 (1): 3153.Google Scholar
Katzenstein, Peter J. 1985. Small States in World Markets: Industrial Policy in Europe. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Kayser, Mark Andreas, and René, Lindstädt. 2015. “A Cross-National Measure of Electoral Competitiveness.” Political Analysis 23 (2): 242253. doi:10.1093/pan/mpv001.Google Scholar
Kendall, Maurice G. and Stuart, Alan. 1950. “The Law of the Cubic Proportion in Election Results.” The British Journal of Sociology 1 (3): 183196.Google Scholar
Kienstra, Jeffrey D. 2012. “Cleared for Landing: Airbus, Boeing and the WTO Dispute over Subsidies to Large Civil Aircraft Comment.” Northwestern Journal of International Law & Business 32: 569606.Google Scholar
Kies, U., Mrosek, T., and Schulte, A.. 2009. “Spatial Analysis of Regional Industrial Clusters in the German Forest Sector.” International Forestry Review 11 (1): 3851. doi:10.1505/ifor.11.1.38.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kolko, Jed. 2010. “Urbanization, Agglomeration, and Coagglomeration of Service Industries,” in Agglomeration Economics, edited by Glaeser, Edward L. National Bureau of Economic Research Conference Report.Chicago, Ill.: The University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Kono, Daniel Yuichi 2006. “Optimal Obfuscation: Democracy and Trade Policy Transparency.American Political Science Review 100(3): 369384. doi:10.1017/S0003055406062241.Google Scholar
Kono, Daniel Yuichi. 2009. “Market Structure, Electoral Institutions, and Trade Policy.” International Studies Quarterly 53 (4): 885906. doi:10.1111/j.1468–2478.2009.00561.x.Google Scholar
Kono, Daniel Yuichi and Rickard, Stephanie J.. 2014. “Buying National: Democracy, Public Procurement, and International Trade.” International Interactions 40 (5): 657682. doi:10.1080/03050629.2014.899220.Google Scholar
Krugman, Paul. 1998. “What’s New about the New Economic Geography?Oxford Review of Economic Policy 14 (2): 717. doi:10.1093/oxrep/14.2.7.Google Scholar
Krugman, Paul. 1990. “Increasing Returns and Economic Geography.” Working Paper 3275. National Bureau of Economic Research. www.nber.org/papers/w3275.Google Scholar
Lancaster, Thomas D. 1986. “Electoral Structures and Pork Barrel Politics.” International Political Science Review 7 (1): 6781. doi:10.1177/019251218600700107.Google Scholar
Lancaster, Thomas D. and David Patterson, W.. 1990. “Comparative Pork Barrel Politics: Perceptions from the West German Bundestag.” Comparative Political Studies 22 (4): 458477. doi:10.1177/0010414090022004004.Google Scholar
Laver, Michael and Shepsle, Kenneth A. 1994. Cabinet Ministers and Parliamentary Government. New York, N.Y.: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Leigh, Andrew. 2008. “Bringing Home the Bacon: An Empirical Analysis of the Extent and Effects of Pork-Barreling in Australian Politics.” Public Choice 137 (1–2): 279–99. doi:10.1007/s11127-008–9327-5.Google Scholar
Levitt, Steven D. and Snyder, James M. Jr. 1997. “The Impact of Federal Spending on House Election Outcomes.” Journal of Political Economy 105 (1): 3053. https://doi.org/10.1086/262064.Google Scholar
Library of Economics and Liberty. 2016. Accessed July 14, 2017. www.econlib.org/cgi-bin/cite.pl.Google Scholar
Lijphart, Arend. 1999. Patterns of Democracy: Government Forms and Performance in Thirty-Six Countries. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Lijphart, Arend. 2004. “Constitutional Design for Divided Societies.” Journal of Democracy 15 (2): 96109. doi:10.1353/jod.2004.0029.Google Scholar
Lindbeck, Assar and Weibull, Jörgen W.. 1987. “Balanced-Budget Redistribution as the Outcome of Political Competition.” Public Choice 52 (3): 273297. doi:10.1007/BF00116710.Google Scholar
Lizzeri, Alessandro, and Persico, Nicola. 2001. “The Provision of Public Goods under Alternative Electoral Incentives.” The American Economic Review 91 (1): 225239.Google Scholar
Magee, Stephen P., Brock, William A, and Young, Leslie. 1989. Black Hole Tariffs and Endogenous Policy Theory: Political Economy in General Equilibrium. Cambridge; New York, N.Y.: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Maloney, William F. and Nayyar, Gaurav. 2017. “Industrial Policy, Information, and Government Capacity.” Policy Research Working Paper, No. 8056. World Bank, Washington, D.C. World Bank. https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/26735 License: CC BY 3.0 IGO.Google Scholar
Mansfield, Edward D. and Busch, Marc L.. 1995. “The Political Economy of Nontariff Barriers: A Cross-National Analysis.” International Organization 49 (4): 723749. doi:10.1017/S0020818300028496.Google Scholar
Mansfield, Edward D. and Milner, Helen V. 1997. The Political Economy of Regionalism. New York, N.Y.: Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Marshall, Alfred. 1920. Principles of Economics. Basingstoke, Hampshire, U.K.: Macmillan and Co.Google Scholar
Martin, Paul S. 2003. “Voting’s Rewards: Voter Turnout, Attentive Publics, and Congressional Allocation of Federal Money.” American Journal of Political Science 47 (1): 110127. doi:10.1111/1540–5907.00008.Google Scholar
Martin, Shane. 2011a. “Using Parliamentary Questions to Measure Constituency Focus: An Application to the Irish Case.” Political Studies 59 (2): 472488. doi:10.1111/j.1467–9248.2011.00885.x.Google Scholar
Martin, Shane. 2011b. “Electoral Institutions, the Personal Vote, and Legislative Organization.” Legislative Studies Quarterly 36 (3): 339–61. doi:10.1111/j.1939–9162.2011.00018.x.Google Scholar
Martin, Shane. 2014. “Why Electoral Systems Don’t Always Matter the Impact of ‘mega-Seats’ on Legislative Behaviour in Ireland.” Party Politics 20 (3): 467479. doi:10.1177/1354068811436061.Google Scholar
Martin, Stephen and Valbonesi, Paola. 2008. “Equilibrium State Aid in Integrating Markets.” The B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy 8 (1). doi:10.2202/1935–1682.1904.Google Scholar
Mattera, Philip and Tarczynska, Kasia. 2015. “Uncle Sam’s Favorite Corporations.” www.goodjobsfirst.org/sites/default/files/docs/pdf/UncleSamsFavoriteCorporations.pdf.Google Scholar
Matthews, Donald R. and Valen, Henry. 1999. Parliamentary Representation: The Case of the Norwegian Storting. Columbus, Ohio: Ohio State University Press.Google Scholar
Mayhew, David R. 1974. “Congressional Elections: The Case of the Vanishing Marginals.” Polity 6 (3): 295317. doi:10.2307/3233931.Google Scholar
McCubbins, Mathew D., Noll, Roger G., and Weingast, Barry R.. 1987. “Administrative Procedures as Instruments of Political Control.” Journal of Law, Economics, & Organization 3 (2): 243277.Google Scholar
McCubbins, Mathew D. and Schwartz, Thomas. 1984. “Congressional Oversight Overlooked: Police Patrols versus Fire Alarms.” American Journal of Political Science 28 (1): 165179. doi:10.2307/2110792.Google Scholar
McGillivray, Fiona. 1997. “Party Discipline as a Determinant of the Endogenous Formation of Tariffs.” American Journal of Political Science 41 (2): 584607. doi:10.2307/2111778.Google Scholar
McGillivray, Fiona. 2004. Privileging Industry: The Comparative Politics of Trade and Industrial Policy. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Mehiriz, Kaddour, and Marceau, Richard. 2013. “The Politics of Intergovernmental Grants in Canada The Case of the Canada-Quebec Infrastructure Works 2000 Program.” State and Local Government Review 45 (2): 4385. doi:10.1177/0160323X13480804.Google Scholar
Meloni, Giulia and Swinnen, Johan. 2013. “The Political Economy of European Wine Regulations.” Journal of Wine Economics 8 (3): 244284. doi:10.1017/jwe.2013.33.Google Scholar
Midelfart-Knarvik, Karen Helene, and Overman, Henry G. 2002. “Delocation and European Integration: Is Structural Spending Justified?” Economic Policy 17 (35): 321359. doi:10.1111/1468–0327.00091.Google Scholar
Milesi-Ferretti, , Maria, Gian, Perotti, Roberto, and Rostagno, Massimo. 2002. “Electoral Systems and Public Spending.” The Quarterly Journal of Economics 117 (2): 609657.Google Scholar
Milner, Helen V. 1997. “Industries, Governments and the Creation of Regional Trade Blocs,” in The Political Economy of Regionalism, edited by Mansfield, Edward D and Milner, Helen V, 77106. New York, NY: Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Monroe, Burt L. and Rose, Amanda G.. 2002. “Electoral Systems and Unimagined Consequences: Partisan Effects of Districted Proportional Representation.” American Journal of Political Science 46 (1): 6789. doi:10.2307/3088415.Google Scholar
Morgenstern, Scott and Swindle, Stephen M.. 2005. “Are Politics Local? An Analysis of Voting Patterns in 23 Democracies.” Comparative Political Studies 38 (2): 143170. doi:10.1177/0010414004271081.Google Scholar
Mortensen, Dale T. and Pissarides, Christopher. 2001. “Taxes, Subsidies and Equilibrium Labor Market Outcomes,” in Designing Inclusion: Tools to Raise Low-end Pay and Employment in Private Enterprise, edited by Phelps, Edmund, 44–73. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Moser, Robert G. 2001. “The Effects of Electoral Systems on Women’s Representation in Post-Communist States.” Electoral Studies 20 (3): 353369. doi:10.1016/S0261-3794(00)00024-X.Google Scholar
Mozaffar, Shaheen, Scarritt, James R., and Galaich, Glen. 2003. “Electoral Institutions, Ethnopolitical Cleavages, and Party Systems in Africa’s Emerging Democracies.” American Political Science Review (3): 379390. doi:10.1017.S0003055403000753.Google Scholar
Müller, Wolfgang C. 2005. “Austria: A Complex Electoral System with Subtle Effects,” in The Politics of Electoral Systems, edited by Gallagher, Michael and Mitchell, Paul, 397416. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Naoi, Megumi. 2009. “Shopping for Protection: The Politics of Choosing Trade Instruments in a Partially Legalized World.” International Studies Quarterly 53 (2): 421–44. doi:10.1111/j.1468–2478.2009.00540.x.Google Scholar
Nielson, Daniel L. 2003. “Supplying Trade Reform: Political Institutions and Liberalization in Middle-Income Presidential Democracies.” American Journal of Political Science 47 (3): 470491. doi:10.1111/1540–5907.00034.Google Scholar
Niskanen, William A. 1971. Bureaucracy and Representative Government. Chicago, Ill.: Aldine, Atherton.Google Scholar
North, Douglass C. 1990. Institutions, Institutional Change, and Economic Performance. Cambridge, N.Y.: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
OECD. 1998. Improving the Environment through Reducing Subsidies. Paris: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. www.oecd-ilibrary.org/content/book/9789264162679-en.Google Scholar
OECD. 2007. “Globalisation and Regional Economies: Can OECD Regions Compete in Global Industries? – OECD.” www.oecd.org/gov/regional-policy/globalisationandregionaleconomiescanoecdregionscompeteinglobalindustries.htm.Google Scholar
OECD. 2008. OECD Regions at a Glance 2007. Paris: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. www.oecd-ilibrary.org/content/book/reg_glance-2007-en.Google Scholar
OECD. 2010. “The Interface between Subnational and National Levels of Government,” in Better Regulation in Europe: France. www.oecd.org/gov/regulatory-policy/45706785.pdf.Google Scholar
OFT. 2009. “Government in Markets Why Competition Matters – a Guide for Policy Makers.” Office of Fair Trading. www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/284451/OFT1113.pdf.Google Scholar
OIV. 2007. “Annual Report.” International Organisation of Vine and Wine.Google Scholar
Olson, Mancur. 1965. The Logic of Collective Action. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
ONS Nomis Database, Workforce Jobs. www.nomisweb.co.uk/ Last accessed on April 25, 2017.Google Scholar
Owen, Geoffrey. 2012. “Industrial Policy in Europe since the Second World War: What Has Been Learnt?” http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/41902.Google Scholar
Palmer-Rubin, Brian. 2016. “Interest Organizations and Distributive Politics: Small-Business Subsidies in Mexico.” World Development 84 (August): 97117. doi:10.1016/j.worlddev.2016.03.019.Google Scholar
Perdikis, Nicholas, Read, Robert, and International Economics Study Group. 2005. The WTO and the Regulation of International Trade: Recent Trade Disputes between the European Union and the United States. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing.Google Scholar
Persson, Torsten, Roland, Gerard, and Tabellini, Guido. 2007. “Electoral Rules and Government Spending in Parliamentary Democracies.” Quarterly Journal of Political Science 2 (2): 155–88. doi:10.1561/100.00006019.Google Scholar
Persson, Torsten and Tabellini, Guido. 1999. “The Size and Scope of Government Comparative Politics with Rational Politicians.” European Economic Review 43 (4–6): 699735. doi:10.1016/S0014-2921(98)00131–7.Google Scholar
Persson, Torsten and Tabellini, Guido. 2003. The Economic Effects of Constitutions. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press.Google Scholar
Plender, R. 2003. “Definition of Aid,” in The Law of State Aid in the European Union, edited by Biondi, A., 339. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Porges, Seth. 2013. “6 Things You (Probably) Didn’t Know About Cognac.” Forbes. Accessed August 2, 2016. https://www.forbes.com/sites/sethporges/2013/10/10/6-things-you-probably-didnt-know-about-cognac/#19c8775d2e04.Google Scholar
Powell, G. Bingham Jr. and Vanberg, Georg S. 2000. “Election Laws, Disproportionality and Median Correspondence: Implications for Two Visions of Democracy.” British Journal of Political Science 30 (3): 383411.Google Scholar
Pratley, Nick. 2016. “Putting the Industry Back into Departmental Business.” The Guardian, July 14, sec. Business. www.theguardian.com/business/nils-pratley-on-finance/2016/jul/14/putting-the-industry-back-into-departmental-business.Google Scholar
Rae, Douglas W. 1967. The Political Consequences of Electoral Laws. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Rankin, Jennifer. 2016. “EU Steel Action Plan Expected to Include Punitive Tariff Proposal.” The Guardian, March 15, sec. Business. www.theguardian.com/business/2016/mar/15/eu-steel-action-plan-punitive-tariff-proposal-uk-dumped-goods-subsidised-chinese-imports.Google Scholar
Read, Robert. 2005. “The EU-US WTO Steel Dispute,” in The WTO and Regulation of International Trade, edited by Perdikis, Nicholas and Read, Robert, 35176. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing.Google Scholar
Reed, Steven R., Scheiner, Ethan, and Thies, Michael F.. 2012. “The End of LDP Dominance and the Rise of Party-oriented Politics in Japan.” The Journal of Japanese Studies 38 (2): 353376.Google Scholar
Remmer, Karen L. 1986. “The Politics of Economic Stabilization: IMF Standby Programs in Latin America, 1954–1984.” Comparative Politics 19 (1): 124. doi:10.2307/421778.Google Scholar
Reynolds, Kara M. and Palatucci, John S.. 2012. “Does Trade Adjustment Assistance Make a Difference?” Contemporary Economic Policy 30 (1): 4359. doi:10.1111/j.1465–7287.2010.00247.x.Google Scholar
Rickard, Stephanie J. 2009. “Strategic Targeting The Effect of Institutions and Interests on Distributive Transfers.” Comparative Political Studies 42 (5): 670695. doi:10.1177/0010414008328643.Google Scholar
Rickard, Stephanie J.. 2010. “Democratic Differences: Electoral Institutions and Compliance with GATT/WTO Agreements.” European Journal of International Relations 16 (4): 711729. doi:10.1177/1354066109346890.Google Scholar
Rickard, Stephanie J.. 2012a. “Electoral Systems, Voters’ Interests and Geographic Dispersion.” British Journal of Political Science 42 (4): 855877. doi:10.1017/S0007123412000087.Google Scholar
Rickard, Stephanie J.. 2012b. “Welfare versus Subsidies: Governmental Spending Decisions in an Era of Globalization.” The Journal of Politics 74 (4): 11711183. doi:10.1017/S0022381612000680.Google Scholar
Rickard, Stephanie J.. 2012c. “A Non-Tariff Protectionist Bias in Majoritarian Politics: Government Subsidies and Electoral Institutions.International Studies Quarterly 56 (4): 777–85. doi:10.1111/j.1468–2478.2012.00760.x.Google Scholar
Rickard, Stephanie J.. 2015. “Compensating the Losers: An Examination of Congressional Votes on Trade Adjustment Assistance.” International Interactions 41 (1): 4660. doi:10.1080/03050629.2015.954697.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rickard, Stephanie J. and Caraway, Teri L.. 2014. “International Negotiations in the Shadow of National Elections.” International Organization 68 (3): 701720. doi:10.1017/S0020818314000058.Google Scholar
Rickard, Stephanie J. and Kono, Daniel Y.. 2014. “Think Globally, Buy Locally: International Agreements and Government Procurement.” Review of International Organizations 9 (3): 333352.Google Scholar
Rodden, Jonathan. 2010. “The Geographic Distribution of Political Preferences.” Annual Review of Political Science 13 (1): 321340. doi:10.1146/annurev.polisci.12.031607.092945.Google Scholar
Rodriguez, Francisco, and Rodrik, Dani. 2000. NBER Macroeconomics Annual 2000. Edited by Bernanke, Ben, Rogoff, Kenneth, and National Bureau of Economic Research. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press.Google Scholar
Rodrik, Dani. 1995. “Political Economy of Trade Policy.” Handbook of International Economics, edited by Gene Grossman and Kenneth Rogoff, 1457–1494. Elsevier. https://ideas.repec.org/h/eee/intchp/3–28.html.Google Scholar
Rodrik, Dani. 2004. “Industrial Policy for the Twenty-first Century.” Cambridge, MA: Harvard University.Google Scholar
Rogowski, Ronald. 1987. “Trade and the Variety of Democratic Institutions.” International Organization 41 (2): 203223. doi:10.1017/S0020818300027442.Google Scholar
Rogowski, Ronald and Kayser, Mark Andreas. 2002. “Majoritarian Electoral Systems and Consumer Power: Price-Level Evidence from the OECD Countries.” American Journal of Political Science 46 (3): 526539. doi:10.2307/3088397.Google Scholar
Ruddick, Graham. 2016. “Industrial Strategy Welcomed as Part of Government’s New Business Policy.” The Guardian, July 14, 2016. sec. Politics. www.theguardian.com/politics/2016/jul/14/industrial-strategy-welcomed-as-part-of-governments-new-business-policy.Google Scholar
Rudra, Nita. 2002. “Globalization and the Decline of the Welfare State in Less-Developed Countries.” International Organization 56 (2): 411445. doi:10.1162/002081802320005522.Google Scholar
Sauger, Nicolas. 2009. “Party Discipline and Coalition Management in the French Parliament.” West European Politics 32 (2): 310326. doi:10.1080/01402380802670602.Google Scholar
Schattschneider, E. E. 1935. Politics, Pressures, and the Tariff. New York, N.Y.: Arno Press.Google Scholar
Schatz, Klaus-Werner and Wolter, Frank. 1987. Structural Adjustment in the Federal Republic of Germany. Geneva: International Labour Office.Google Scholar
Schott, Jeffrey J. and Hufbauer, Gary Clyde. 2014. “Putting the Trade Facilitation Agreement Back on Track after India’s Obstruction.” Peterson Institute for International Economics, August 5, 2014. https://piie.com/blogs/trade-investment-policy-watch/putting-trade-facilitation-agreement-back-track-after-indias.Google Scholar
Schrank, William E. 2003. Introducing Fisheries Subsidies. FAO Fisheries Technical Paper 437. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.Google Scholar
Schwartz, Gerd and Clements, Benedict. 1999. “Government Subsidies.” Journal of Economic Surveys 13 (2): 119148. doi:10.1111/1467–6419.00079.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sharp, Margaret. 2003. “Industrial Policy and European Integration: Lessons from Experience in Western Europe over the Last 25 Years.” Working/discussion paper. (Economics Working Papers 30). Centre for the Study of Economic and Social Change in Europe, SSEES, UCL: London, UK. www.ssees.ucl.ac.uk/wp30sum.htm.Google Scholar
Sharp, Margaret, Shepherd, Geoffrey, and Marsden, David. 1987. Managing Change in British Industry. Geneva: International Labour Office.Google Scholar
Shelburne, Robert C. and Bednarzik, Robert W.. 1993. “Geographic Concentration of Trade-Sensitive Employment.” Monthly Labor Review 116: 313.Google Scholar
Shepherd, Geoffrey, Duchêne, François, and Saunders, Christopher Thomas. 1983. Europe’s Industries: Public and Private Strategies for Change. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Sherman, Natalie. 2017. “Maryland looks to boost business incentives.” The Baltimore Sun. March 4, 2017. www.baltimoresun.com/business/bs-bz-business-incentive-spending-grows-20170302-story.html.Google Scholar
Shugart, Matthew Søberg. 1999. “Presidentialism, Parliamentarism, and the Provision of Collective Goods in Less-Developed Countries.” Constitutional Political Economy 10 (1): 5388. doi:10.1023/A:1009050515209.Google Scholar
Shugart, Matthew Søberg, Valdini, Melody Ellis, and Suominen, Kati. 2005. “Looking for Locals: Voter Information Demands and Personal Vote-Earning Attributes of Legislators under Proportional Representation.” American Journal of Political Science 49 (2): 437449. doi:10.1111/j.0092–5853.2005.00133.x.Google Scholar
Shugart, Matthew Søberg and Wattenberg, Martin P. 2001. Mixed-Member Electoral Systems: The Best of Both Worlds? New York, N.Y.: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Simpson, James. 2011. Creating Wine: The Emergence of a World Industry, 1840–1914. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Singer, David Andrew. 2004. “Capital Rules: The Domestic Politics of International Regulatory Harmonization.” International Organization 58 (3): 531565. doi:10.1017/S0020818304583042.Google Scholar
Sørensen, Rune J. 2003. “The Political Economy of Intergovernmental Grants: The Norwegian Case.” European Journal of Political Research 42 (2): 163195. doi:10.1111/1475–6765.00079.Google Scholar
Spiegel Online International. 2008. “Tought Times in Sweden: Auto Woes Threaten to Wreck Volvo and Saab,” December 2.Google Scholar
Statistics Austria. 2000. “Basic Survey on Areas under Vines 1999.”Google Scholar
Statistics Austria. 2015a. “Austrian Wine Statistics Report.”Google Scholar
Statistics Austria. 2015b. Employment in the Petroleum Industry and Related Industries 2014. Report 2015/48. www.ssb.no/en/arbeid-og-lonn/artikler-og-publikasjoner/_attachment/245120?_ts=150d1fc6ac0.Google Scholar
Steenblik, Ronald. 2012. “A Subsidy Primer.” Global Subsidies Initiative of the International Institute for Sustainable Development. www.iisd.org/gsi/subsidy-primer/.Google Scholar
Steenblik, Ronald. 2017. A Subsidy Primer. International Institute for Sustainable Development. Global Subsidies Initiative. www.iisd.org/gsi/subsidy-primer. Last accessed June 17, 2017.Google Scholar
Stigler, George. 1971. The Theory of Economic Regulation. Chicago, Ill.: University of Chicago.Google Scholar
Stöllinger, Roman and Holzner, Mario. 2016. “State Aid and Export Competitiveness in the EU.” Journal of Industry, Competition and Trade, March, 134. doi:10.1007/s10842-016–0222-3.Google Scholar
Stratmann, Thomas and Baur, Martin. 2002. “Plurality Rule, Proportional Representation, and the German Bundestag: How Incentives to Pork-Barrel Differ across Electoral Systems.” American Journal of Political Science 46 (3): 506–14. doi:10.2307/3088395.Google Scholar
Strøm, Kaare. 1992. “Democracy as Political Competition.” The American Behavioral Scientist 35 (4): 375396.Google Scholar
Strøm, Kaare. 2000. “Delegation and Accountability in Parliamentary Democracies.” European Journal of Political Research 37 (3): 261290. doi:10.1023/A:1007064803327.Google Scholar
Sturn, Dorothea. 2010. “Decentralized Industrial Policies in Practice: The Case of Austria and Styria.” European Planning Studies 8 (2): 169182. doi:10.1080/096543100110811.Google Scholar
Svåsand, Lars, Strøm, Kaare, and Rasch, Bjørn Erik. 1997. “Change and Adaptation in Party Organizations,” in Challenges to Political Parties: The Case of Norway, edited by Strøm, Kaare and Svasand, Lars, 91124. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.Google Scholar
Taagepera, Rein, and Qvortrup, Matt. 2011. “Who Gets What, When, How – Through Which Electoral System?” European Political Science 11 (2): 244258. doi:10.1057/eps.2011.35.Google Scholar
Taagepera, Rein and Shugart, Matthew Søberg. 1989. Seats and Votes: The Effects and Determinants of Electoral Systems. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Tavits, Margit. 2009. “Geographically Targeted Spending: Exploring the Electoral Strategies of Incumbent Governments.” European Political Science Review 1 (1): 103123. doi:10.1017/S1755773909000034.Google Scholar
Thames, Frank C. and Edwards, Martin S.. 2006. “Differentiating Mixed-Member Electoral Systems Mixed-Member Majoritarian and Mixed-Member Proportional Systems and Government Expenditures.” Comparative Political Studies 39 (7): 905–27. doi:10.1177/0010414005282383.Google Scholar
The Economist. 2008. “Europe’s Baleful Bail-Outs.” November 1: 62.Google Scholar
“Things to Know about Canada’s Dairy Supply Management System | CTV News.” 2016. Accessed August 12. www.ctvnews.ca/business/things-to-know-about-canada-s-dairy-supply-management-system-1.2594529.Google Scholar
Thomas, Kenneth P. 2007. Investment Incentives Growing Use, Uncertain Benefits, Uneven Controls. Winnipeg, Man.: International Institute for Sustainable Development. www.deslibris.ca/ID/210391.Google Scholar
Thöne, Michael and Dobroschke, Stephen. 2008. WTO Subsidy Notifications: Assessing German Subsidies under the GSI Notification Template Proposed for the WTO. Winnipeg, Man.: International Institute for Sustainable Development. www.deslibris.ca/ID/213504.cGoogle Scholar
Tufte, Edward R. 1973. “The Relationship between Seats and Votes in Two-Party Systems.” American Political Science Review 67 (2): 540554. doi:10.2307/1958782.Google Scholar
Verdier, Daniel. 1995. “The Politics of Public Aid to Private Industry: The Role of Policy Networks.” Comparative Political Studies 28 (1): 342. doi:10.1177/0010414095028001001.Google Scholar
Vreeland, James Raymond. 2003. The IMF and Economic Development. New York, N.Y.: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Wacziarg, Romain and Wallack, Jessica Seddon. 2004. “Trade Liberalization and Intersectoral Labor Movements.” Journal of International Economics 64 (2): 411–39. doi:10.1016/j.jinteco.2003.10.001.Google Scholar
Ward, Andrew. 2009. “Sweden Rules Out State Bail-Out for Saab.” Financial Times, November 27. www.ft.com/cms/s/0/3aca2404-db7b-11de-9424-00144feabdc0.html#axzz4EsFLCp33.Google Scholar
Weingast, Barry R., Shepsle, Kenneth A., and Johnsen, Christopher. 1981. “The Political Economy of Benefits and Costs: A Neoclassical Approach to Distributive Politics.” Journal of Political Economy 89 (4): 642664.Google Scholar
Wilson, Rick K. 1986. “An Empirical Test of Preferences for the Political Pork Barrel: District Level Appropriations for River and Harbor Legislation, 1889–1913.” American Journal of Political Science 30 (4): 729754. doi:10.2307/2111270.Google Scholar
Winter, Jan A. 1999. “The Rights of Complainants in State Aid Cases: Judicial Review of Commision Decisions Adopted under Article 88 (Ex 93) Ec.” Common Market Law Review 36 (3): 521568.Google Scholar
World Trade Organization (WTO) 2006. “Exploring the Links between Subsidies, Trade and the WTO.” World Trade Report. Geneva.Google Scholar
Wong, Fayen. 2014. “Steel Industry on Subsidy Life-Support as China Economy Slows.” Reuters UK. http://uk.reuters.com/article/us-china-economy-steel-idUSKBN0HD2LC20140919.Google Scholar
Yagoda, Maria. 2009. “Cognac in the Crisis.” The Yale Globalist, May 11, 2009. http://tyglobalist.org/in-the-magazine/theme/cognac-in-the-crisis/.Google Scholar
Zahariadis, Nikolaos. 2001. “Asset Specificity and State Subsidies in Industrialized Countries.” International Studies Quarterly 45 (4): 603616. doi:10.1111/0020–8833.00216.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure [email protected] is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

  • References
  • Stephanie J. Rickard , London School of Economics and Political Science
  • Book: Spending to Win
  • Online publication: 12 April 2018
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108381475.009
Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

  • References
  • Stephanie J. Rickard , London School of Economics and Political Science
  • Book: Spending to Win
  • Online publication: 12 April 2018
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108381475.009
Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

  • References
  • Stephanie J. Rickard , London School of Economics and Political Science
  • Book: Spending to Win
  • Online publication: 12 April 2018
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108381475.009
Available formats
×