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9 - Progressive levels of trait divergence along a ‘speciation transect’ in the Lake Victoria cichlid fish Pundamilia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 June 2012

By
Ole Seehausen
Edited by
Roger Butlin ,
Jon Bridle  and
Dolph Schluter
Ole Seehausen
Affiliation:
Centre of Ecology, Evolution and Biogeochemistry, EAWAG
Roger Butlin
Affiliation:
University of Sheffield
Jon Bridle
Affiliation:
University of Bristol
Dolph Schluter
Affiliation:
University of British Columbia, Vancouver
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Summary

Introduction and outline

Identifying mechanisms of speciation has proven one of the most challenging problems in evolutionary biology, perhaps mainly for two reasons, speciation is not readily accessible to experimental approaches, and rarely to time series analyses. Any one case of speciation can usually be investigated only at a single stage of completion. Cases of parallel ecological speciation driven repeatedly within the same taxon by divergent selection along replicate environmental gradients, have therefore received considerable attention (Schluter & Nagel 1995; Rundle et al. 2000). Several such systems have become major model systems in evolutionary ecology research, including sticklebacks in postglacial lakes (Rundle et al. 2000), Heliconius butterflies (Mallet et al. 1998), leaf beetles (Funk 1998) and Timema walking sticks (Nosil et al. 2002). They provide powerful means of identifying causes of divergence and may lend themselves to examining associations between variation in the environments and variation in the progress towards speciation (Nosil & Harmon, this volume). However, variation in the progress towards speciation among disconnected populations undergoing parallel speciation may be due to different contingency as much as different environments (Taylor & McPhail 2000). Ideally, to trace the correlates of the transition from panmixis to incipient speciation, one would want to study variation in the progress towards speciation in exactly the same pair of species, and along a continuous progress series, to minimize the potential confounding effect of variable historical contingency.

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Speciation and Patterns of Diversity , pp. 155 - 176
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2009

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References

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