Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Preface
- CHAPTER 1 Introduction
- CHAPTER 2 Diffraction Geometry
- CHAPTER 3 The Design of Diffractometers
- CHAPTER 4 Detectors
- CHAPTER 5 Electronic Circuits
- CHAPTER 6 The Production of the Primary Beam (X-rays)
- CHAPTER 7 The Production of the Primary Beam (Neutrons)
- CHAPTER 8 The Background
- CHAPTER 9 Systematic Errors in Measuring Relative Integrated Intensities
- CHAPTER 10 Procedure for Measuring Integrated Intensities
- CHAPTER 11 Derivation and Accuracy of Structure Factors
- CHAPTER 12 Computer Programs and On-line Control
- APPENDIX: Summary of differences between X-ray and neutron diffractometry
- References
- Index
CHAPTER 4 - Detectors
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 21 May 2010
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Preface
- CHAPTER 1 Introduction
- CHAPTER 2 Diffraction Geometry
- CHAPTER 3 The Design of Diffractometers
- CHAPTER 4 Detectors
- CHAPTER 5 Electronic Circuits
- CHAPTER 6 The Production of the Primary Beam (X-rays)
- CHAPTER 7 The Production of the Primary Beam (Neutrons)
- CHAPTER 8 The Background
- CHAPTER 9 Systematic Errors in Measuring Relative Integrated Intensities
- CHAPTER 10 Procedure for Measuring Integrated Intensities
- CHAPTER 11 Derivation and Accuracy of Structure Factors
- CHAPTER 12 Computer Programs and On-line Control
- APPENDIX: Summary of differences between X-ray and neutron diffractometry
- References
- Index
Summary
Introduction
All radiation detectors used in diffractometry function in a basically similar fashion: the detection of an individual incident X–ray quantum or neutron results in the collection of a certain quantity of electrical charge at the input terminal of the detecting circuitry. No matter what the actual detector may be, this resultant charge may be dealt with in one of two ways. Either the charge which corresponds to the arrival of a given number of pulses per unit time is integrated and the resultant current is taken as a measure of the incident intensity, or the individual pulses of charge are counted, if necessary after amplification and shaping.
The first method, that of current measurement, is used only with X–ray ionization chambers which are rarely employed today. All other X–ray and neutron detectors are ‘counters’ which produce discrete pulses. These detectors have the important feature that the result of an intensity measurement is given directly in digital form as the number of incident quanta or neutrons in a given time interval: such digital data are thus already in a suitable form for further processing.
It is easy to specify the requirements to be met by an ideal detector for use in diffraction studies.
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- Chapter
- Information
- Single Crystal Diffractometry , pp. 99 - 153Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 1966