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The European seaport system at the beginning of the early modern age

from La construction d'un espace mondial: La circulation maritime et les ports

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 May 2017

Amélia Polónia
Affiliation:
University of Porto/CITCEM, Portugal
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Summary

ABSTRACT. Traditionally, the historiography of European seaports defines hierarchies that emphasize the prominence of the Iberian seaports (Lisbon and Seville), during the 15th and 16th centuries, while their leading positions declined during the 17th and the 18th centuries in favour of Amsterdam or London. All of them were capitals of colonial empires or emporiums. While recognizing the rationale of this analysis, this contribution tries to underline that those hierarchies are not unquestionable, and the centrality of certain major colonial hubs frequently depended on the services provided by medium and small seaports. These supplied crews, merchant fleets, shipbuilding industries and labour force, thus guaranteeing the viability of the major seaports as political, economic, financial and merchant hubs. In view of this analysis, the complementarity of seaports is an essential conceptual tool. Additionally, an analysis centred on economic networks, focused on economic agents and their entrepreneurial activities, rather than on central power policies, reveals a more dynamic and complex structure of analysis which can enrich and revise traditional perspectives of seaport hierarchies during the Early Modern Age.

RÉSUMÉ. L'historiographie des ports maritimes européens insiste sur l'importance des ports ibériens, tels Lisbonne et Séville, pendant les XVe et XVIe siècles, autant que pendant les XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles. Leur importance déclinait lors de l'émergence de Londres et Amsterdam. Ils étaient tous des villes capitales des empires coloniaux. La présente analyse veut démontrer la centralité de quelques-uns de ces ports qui dépendaient souvent des services apportés par des ports de petite ou bien moyenne envergure. En mettant à la disposition des plus grands, des équipages, flottes commerciales, chantiers navals, et forces ouvrières, ils rendaient possible le maintien des grands ports comme centres politiques, économiques, financiers, et commerciaux. D'après cette analyse, la complémentarité des ports devient un instrument analytique central. De plus, une analyse centrée sur les réseaux économiques, leurs acteurs et leurs activités d'entreprise, et pas seulement sur les pouvoirs centraux, révèle une structure plus complexe et dynamique. Il pourra enrichir et parfois réviser les perspectives traditionnelles sur les ports maritimes pendant l'époque moderne.

During the Early Modern Age, maritime circuits and port cities became the perfect interface in which different networks, economic systems, institutional set-ups and political power games were played.

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Publisher: Boydell & Brewer
Print publication year: 2017

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