Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-r5fsc Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-26T19:08:09.711Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Bibliography

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 October 2021

Get access

Summary

Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'
Type
Chapter
Information
The Right to Protection from Incitement to Hatred
An Unsettled Right
, pp. 190 - 205
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2021

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Abrams, Floyd. ‘On American Hate Speech Law’. In The Content and Context of Hate Speech: Rethinking Regulation and Responses, edited by Herz, Michael E. and Molnár, Péter, 116128. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2012.Google Scholar
Adhar, Rex and Leigh, Ian. Religious Freedom in the Liberal State. 2nd ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013.Google Scholar
Alexander, Larry. Is There a Right of Freedom of Expression? Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005.Google Scholar
Allport, Gordon W. The Nature of Prejudice. Cambridge, MA: Addison-Wesley Pub. Co., 1954.Google Scholar
Altman, Andrew. ‘Freedom of Expression and Human Rights Law: The Case of Holocaust Denial’. In Speech and Harm: Controversies over Free Speech, edited by Maitra, Ishani and McGowan, Mary Kathryn, 2449. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012.Google Scholar
Alves, Jose A. Lindgren. ‘Race and Religion in the United Nations Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination’. University of San Francisco Law Review 42 (2008): 941982.Google Scholar
Appiah, Kwame Anthony. ‘What’s Wrong with Defamation of Religion?’ In The Content and Context of Hate Speech: Rethinking Regulation and Responses, edited by Herz, Michael E. and Molnár, Péter, 164182. Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press, 2012.Google Scholar
Baehr, P. R. Non-Governmental Human Rights Organizations in International Relations. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2009.Google Scholar
Bakalis, Chara. ‘Regulating Hate Crime in the Digital Age’. In Globalization of Hate: Internationalizing Hate Crime?, edited by Schweppe, Jennifer and Walters, Mark Austin, 263276. New York: Oxford University Press, 2016.Google Scholar
Baker, C. Edwin. ‘Autonomy and Hate Speech’. In Extreme Speech and Democracy, edited by Hare, Ivan and Weinstein, James, 139157. New York: Oxford University Press, 2009.Google Scholar
Baker, C. Edwin. ‘Harm, Liberty, and Free Speech’. Southern California Law Review 70 (1997): 9791020.Google Scholar
Baker, C. Edwin. ‘Hate Speech’. In The Content and Context of Hate Speech: Rethinking Regulation and Responses, edited by Herz, Michael E. and Molnár, Péter, 5780. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2012.Google Scholar
Baker, C. Edwin. ‘Scope of the First Amendment Freedom of Speech’. UCLA Law Review 25 (1978): 9641040.Google Scholar
Barendt, Eric. ‘Religious Hatred Laws: Protecting Groups or Belief?Res Publica 17, no. 1 (2011): 4153.Google Scholar
Baxi, Upendra. The Future of Human Rights. New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2002.Google Scholar
Belnap, Allison G.Defamation of Religions: A Vague and Overbroad Theory That Threatens Basic Human Rights’. Brigham Young University Law Review 2010 (2010): 635686.Google Scholar
Benesch, Susan. ‘Contribution to OHCHR Initiative on Incitement to National, Racial, or Religious Hatred’. Vienna, 2011. www.ohchr.org/EN/Issues/FreedomOpinion/Articles19-20/Pages/ContributionsOthers2011.aspx.Google Scholar
Benesch, Susan. ‘The Ghost of Causation in International Speech Crime Cases’. In Propaganda, War Crimes Trials and International Law: From Speakers’ Corner to War Crimes, edited by Dojcinovic, Predrag, 254268. New York: Routledge, 2012.Google Scholar
Benesch, Susan. ‘Vile Crime in Inalienable Right: Defining Incitement to Genocide’. Virginia Journal of International Law 48 (2008): 485528.Google Scholar
Benier, Kathryn. ‘Global Terrorism Events and Ensuing Hate Incidents’. In The Globalization of Hate: Internationalizing Hate Crime?, edited by Schweppe, Jennifer and Walters, Mark Austin, 7995. New York: Oxford University Press, 2016.Google Scholar
Berk, Richard A., Boyd, Elizabeth A., and Hamner, Karl M.. ‘Thinking More Clearly about Hate-Motivated Crimes’. In Hate and Bias Crime: A Reader, edited by Perry, Barbara, 123143. New York: Routledge, 2003.Google Scholar
Bertoni, Eduardo. ‘Hate Speech under the American Convention on Human Rights’. ILSA Journal of International & Comparative Law 12 (2006): 569574.Google Scholar
Besson, Samantha. ‘Human Rights: Ethical, Political or Legal? First Steps in a Legal Theory of Human Rights’. In The Role of Ethics in International Law, edited by Childress, Donald Earl, 211245. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2012.Google Scholar
Beth, Loren P.Group Libel and Free Speech’. Minnesota Law Review 39 (1955): 167184.Google Scholar
Beyani, Chaloka. ‘Law and Judicial Practices’. Nairobi, 2011. www.ohchr.org/Documents/Issues/Expression/ICCPR/Nairobi/ChalokaBeyani.pdf.Google Scholar
Black, Henry Campbell. Black’s Law Dictionary: Definitions of the Terms and Phrases of American and English Jurisprudence, Ancient and Modern. St. Paul, MN: West Pub. Co., 1990.Google Scholar
Blitt, Robert C.The Bottom Up Journey of “Defamation of Religion” from Muslim States to the United Nations: A Case Study of the Migration of Anti-Constitutional Ideas’. Studies in Law, Politics, and Society 56 (3 August 2011): 121211.Google Scholar
Henning, Boekle. Rittberger, Volker, and Wagner, Wolfgang. ‘Norms and Foreign Policy: Constructivist Foreign Policy Theory’. Tubingen Working Papers 34, no. a (1999).Google Scholar
Boerefijn, I. and Oyediran, J.. ‘Article 20 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights.’ In Striking a Balance: Hate Speech, Freedom of Expression, and Non-discrimination, edited by Coliver, Sandra, 2932. Article 19, International Centre Against Censorship, Human Rights Centre, University of Essex, 1992.Google Scholar
Boonin, David. Should Race Matter? Unusual Answers to the Usual Questions. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2011.Google Scholar
Bossuyt, Marc J. Guide to the ‘Travaux Préparatoires’ of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 1987.Google Scholar
Boyle, Kevin. ‘Hate Speech – The United States versus the Rest of the World’. Maine Law Review 53 (2001): 487.Google Scholar
Kevin, Boyle. ‘Religious Intolerance and the Incitement of Hatred’. In Striking a Balance: Hate Speech, Freedom of Expression and Non-discrimination, edited by Coliver, Sandra. Article 19, International Centre Against Censorship, Human Rights Centre University of Essex, 1992.Google Scholar
Boyle, Kevin and Baldaccini, Anneliese. ‘A Critical Evaluation of International Human Rights Approaches to Racism’. In Discrimination and Human Rights: The Case of Racism, edited by Fredman, Sandra, 135192. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004.Google Scholar
Bradney, Anthony. Law and Faith in a Sceptical Age. New York: Routledge-Cavendish, 2009.Google Scholar
Brems, Eva. ‘Introduction’. In Conflict between Fundamental Rights, edited by Brems, Eva. Intersentia, 2008.Google Scholar
Brennan, Fernne. ‘Punishing Islamophobic Hostility: Are Any Lessons to Be Learned from Racially Hostile Crimes?’ Journal of Civil Liberties 8 (2003): 2850.Google Scholar
Brink, David O.Millian Principles, Freedom of Expression, and Hate Speech’. Legal Theory 7, no. 2 (2001): 119157.Google Scholar
Brison, Susan J.Speech, Harm, and the Mind-Body Problem in First Amendment Jurisprudence’. Legal Theory 4, no. 1 (1998): 3961.Google Scholar
Brown, Alex. Hate Speech Law: A Philosophical Examination. New York: Routledge, 2017.Google Scholar
Brown, Chris. ‘Universal Human Rights: a Critique’. In Human Rights in Global Politics, edited by Dunne, Timothy, 103127. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1999.Google Scholar
Brudholm, Thomas. ‘Conceptualizing Hatred Globally: Is Hate Crime a Human Rights Violation?’. In The Globalization of Hate: Internationalizing Hate Crime?, edited by Schweppe, Jennifer and Walters, Mark Austin, 3148. New York: Oxford University Press, 2016.Google Scholar
Buchanan, Allen. ‘The Egalitarianism of Human Rights’. Ethics 120, no. 4 (July 2010): 679710.Google Scholar
Buchanan, Allen E. Justice and Health Care Selected Essays. New York: Oxford University Press, 2009. http://public.eblib.com/EBLPublic/PublicView.do?ptiID=472216.Google Scholar
Campbell, Tom. Rights: A Critical Introduction. New York: Routledge, 2006.Google Scholar
Cannie, Hannes and Voorhoof, Dirk. ‘The Abuse Clause and Freedom of Expression in the European Human Rights Convention: An Added Value for Democracy and Human Rights Protection?Netherlands Quarterly of Human Rights 29, no. 1 (2011): 5483.Google Scholar
Catlin, Scott J.Proposal for Regulating Hate Speech in the United States: Balancing Rights under the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights’. Notre Dame Law Review 69 (1994): 771816.Google Scholar
Cerone, John. ‘Inappropriate Renderings: The Danger of Reductionist Resolutions’. Brooklyn Journal of International Law 33 (2008): 357378.Google Scholar
Chayes, Abram and Chayes, Antonia Handler. The New Sovereignty: Compliance with International Regulatory Agreements. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1995.Google Scholar
Checkel, Jeffrey. ‘Norms, Institutions, and National Identity in Contemporary Europe’. International Studies Quarterly 43, no. 1 (March 1999): 84114.Google Scholar
Clapham, Andrew. Human Rights: A Very Short Introduction. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007.Google Scholar
Clarke, B.Freedom of Speech and Criticism of Religion: What Are the Limits?Murdoch University Law Journal 14, no. 2 (2007): 94121.Google Scholar
Conte, Alex. ‘Democratic and Civil Rights’. In Defining Civil and Political Rights; The Jurisprudence of the United Nations Human Rights Committee, edited by Conte, Alex and Burchill, Richard, 65110. Aldershot: Ashgate, 2009.Google Scholar
Conte, Alex. ‘Limitations to and Derogations from Covenant Rights’. In Defining Civil and Political Rights: The Jurisprudence of the United Nations Human Rights Committee, edited by Conte, Alex and Burchill, Richard, 3964. 2nd ed. Aldershot: Ashgate Publishing Limited, 2009.Google Scholar
Conte, Alex and Burchill, Richard. ‘Introduction’. In Defining Civil and Political Rights; The Jurisprudence of the United Nations Human Rights Committee, edited by Conte, Alex and Burchill, Richard, 118. Aldershot: Ashgate, 2009.Google Scholar
Cotler, Irwin. ‘State-Sanctioned Incitement to Genocide: The Responsibility to Protect’. In The Content and Context of Hate Speech: Rethinking Regulation and Responses, edited by Herz, Michael E. and Molnár, Péter, 430455. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2012.Google Scholar
Cox, Neville. ‘Blasphemy, Holocaust Denial, and the Control of Profoundly Unacceptable Speech’. American Journal of Comparative Law 62 (2014): 739–734.Google Scholar
Cram, Ian. ‘The Danish Cartoons, Offensive Expressions, and Democratic Legitimacy’. In Extreme Speech and Democracy, edited by Hare, Ivan and Weinstein, James, 311330. New York: Oxford University Press, 2009.Google Scholar
Crawford, Neta. Argument and Change in World Politics Ethics, Decolonization, and Humanitarian Intervention. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002.Google Scholar
Cumper, Peter. ‘Inciting Religious Hatred: Balancing Free Speech and Religious Sensibilities in a Multi-Faith Society’. In Does God Believe in Human Rights? Essays on Religion and Human Rights, edited by Ghanea-Hercock, Nazila, Stephens, Alan, and Walden, Raphael, 233258. Leiden: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 2007.Google Scholar
Cumper, Peter. ‘Outlawing Incitement to Religious Hatred—a British Perspective’. Religion and Human Rights 1, no. 3 (2006): 249268.Google Scholar
Danchin, Peter. ‘Defaming Muhammad: Dignity, Harm, and Incitement to Religious Hatred’. Duke Forum for Law & Social Change 2 (2010): 538.Google Scholar
De Jong, Dennis. ‘Freedom of Religion and Belief in the Light of Recent Challenges: Needs, Clashes and Solutions’. In Does God Believe in Human Rights? Essays on Religion and Human Rights, edited by Ghanea-Hercock, Nazila, Stephens, Alan, and Walden, Raphael, 181206. Leiden: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 2007.Google Scholar
Defeis, Elizabeth F.Freedom of Speech and International Norms: A Response to Hate Speech’. Stanford Journal of International Law 29 (1992): 57130.Google Scholar
Deflem, Mathieu. Sociology of Law: Visions of a Scholarly Tradition. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2008.Google Scholar
Delgado, Richard. ‘Words That Wound: A Tort Action for Racial Insults, Epithets, and Name-Calling’. Harvard Civil Rights – Civil Liberties Law Review 17 (1982): 133182.Google Scholar
Delgado, Richard and Stefancic, Jean. ‘Four Observations about Hate Speech’. Wake Forest Law Review 44 (2009): 353370.Google Scholar
Delgado, Richard and Stefancic, Jean. Understanding Words That Wound. Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 2004.Google Scholar
Diehl, Paul F. and Charlotte, Ku. The Dynamics of International Law. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010.Google Scholar
Dobras, Rebecca J.Is the United Nations Endorsing Human Rights Violations?: An Analysis of the United Nations’ Combating Defamation of Religions Resolutions and Pakistan’s Blasphemy Laws’. Georgia Journal of International and Comparative Law 37 (2008): 339380.Google Scholar
Donders, Yvonne. Towards a Right to Cultural Identity? New York: Intersentia, 2002.Google Scholar
Donnelly, Jack. Universal Human Rights in Theory and Practice. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2002.Google Scholar
Dorsen, Norman. ‘Is There a Right to Stop Offensive Speech? The Case of the Nazis at Skokie’. In Civil Liberties in Conflict, edited by Gostin, Lawrence O., 122–135. New York: Routledge, 1988.Google Scholar
Douglas-Scott, Sionaidh. ‘Hatefulness of Protected Speech: A Comparison of the American and European Approaches’. William & Mary Bill of Rights Journal 7 (1999): 305346.Google Scholar
Drinan, Robert F. Can God & Caesar Coexist?: Balancing Religious Freedom and International Law. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2004.Google Scholar
Dworkin, Ronald. A Matter of Principle. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1985.Google Scholar
Robert, Dworkin. ‘Forward.’ In Extreme Speech and Democracy, edited by Hare, Ivan and Weinstein, James, 110. Oxford University Press, 2009.Google Scholar
Dworkin, Ronald. Taking Rights Seriously. London: Duckworth, 1977.Google Scholar
Eltayeb, Mohamed Saeed M.The Limitations on Critical Thinking on Religious Issues Under Article 20 of ICCPR and Its Relation to Freedom of Expression’. Religion and Human Rights 5, no. 2–3 (2010): 119135.Google Scholar
Emerson, Thomas I. The System of Freedom of Expression. Random House, 1970.Google Scholar
Farrior, Stephanie. ‘Molding the Matrix: The Historical and Theoretical Foundations of International Law Concerning Hate Speech’. Berkeley Journal of International Law 14 (1996): 198.Google Scholar
Feinberg, Joel. Harm to Others. New York: Oxford University Press, 1984.Google Scholar
Feinberg, Joel. Harmless Wrongdoing. New York: Oxford University Press, 1988.Google Scholar
Feinberg, Joel. Offense to Others. New York: Oxford University Press, 1985.Google Scholar
Feldman, David. Civil Liberties and Human Rights in England and Wales. 2nd ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002.Google Scholar
Feldman, David. ‘Freedom of Expression’. In The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and United Kingdom Law, edited by Harris, D. J. and Joseph, Sarah, 391437. Oxford: Clarendon Press; Oxford University Press, 1995.Google Scholar
Fergenson, Laraine R.Group Defamation: From Language to Thought to Action’. In Group Defamation and Freedom of Speech: The Relationship Between Language and Violence, edited by Freedman, Monroe H. and Freedman, Eric M., 7186. Westport: Greenwood Press, 1995.Google Scholar
Feyter, Koen De.In Defence of a Multidisciplinary Approach to Human Rights’. In The Tension Between Group Rights and Human Rights: a Multidisciplinary Approach, edited by de Feyter, K. and Pavlakos, George, 1138. Portland: Hart Publishing, 2008.Google Scholar
Finnemore, Martha and Sikkink, Kathryn. ‘International Norm Dynamics and Political Change’. International Organization 52, no. 04 (1998): 887917.Google Scholar
Fiss, Owen M. The Irony of Free Speech. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1996.Google Scholar
Foster, Joshua. ‘Prophets, Cartoons, and Legal Norms: Rethinking the United Nations Defamation of Religion Provisions’. Journal of Catholic Legal Studies 48 (2009): 19.Google Scholar
Foxman, Abraham H. and Wolf, Christopher. Viral Hate: Containing Its Spread on the Internet. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2013.Google Scholar
Freeman, Mark and Gibran, van Ert. International Human Rights Law. Toronto, ON: Irwin Law, 2004.Google Scholar
Freeman, Michael. ‘Are There Collective Human Rights?’ In Politics and Human Rights, edited by Beetham, David, 2540. Wiley-Blackwell, 1995.Google Scholar
Garland, Jon and Funnell, Corinne, ‘Defining Hate Crime Internationally: Issues and Conundrums’. In The Globalization of Hate: Internationalizing Hate Crime? edited by Schweppe, Jennifer and Walters, Mark Austin, 1530. New York: Oxford University Press, 2016.Google Scholar
Gaudreault-DesBiens, Jean-Francois. ‘From Sisyphus’s Dilemma to Sisyphus’s Duty – A Meditation on the Regulation of Hate Propaganda in Relation to Hate Crimes and Genocide’. McGill Law Journal 46 (2001): 121140.Google Scholar
Gearty, Conor A.The Internal and External “Other” in the Union Legal Order: Racism, Religious Intolerance and Xenophobia in Europe’. In The EU and Human Rights, edited by Alston, Philip, Bustelo, Mara R., and Heenan, James, 327358. Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press, 1999.Google Scholar
Katharine, Gelber. ‘Reconceptualizing Counterspeech in Hate Speech Policy (with a Focus on Australia)’. In The Content and Context of Hate Speech: Rethinking Regulation and Responses, edited by Herz, Michael E. and Molnár, Péter, 198216. Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press, 2012.Google Scholar
Gerards, Janneke H.Fundamental Rights and Other Interests: Should It Really Make a Difference?’ In Conflict Between Fundamental Rights, edited by Brems, Eva, 655689. Intersentia, 2008.Google Scholar
Ghanea, Nazila. ‘Expression and Hate Speech in the ICCPR: Compatible or Clashing?Religion and Human Rights 5, no. 2–3 (2010): 171190.Google Scholar
Ghanea, Nazila. ‘“Phobias” and “Isms”: Recognition of Difference or the Slippery Slope of Particularisms?’ In Does God Believe in Human Rights? Essays on Religion and Human Rights, edited by Ghanea-Hercock, Nazila, Stephens, Alan, and Walden, Raphael, 211232. Leiden; Boston: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 2007.Google Scholar
Goldberger, David. ‘Sources of Judicial Reluctance to Use Psychic Harm as a Basis for Suppressing Racist, Sexist and Ethnically Offensive Speech’. Brooklyn Law Review 56 (1990–1991): 11651212.Google Scholar
Goodall, Kay. ‘Incitement to Religious Hatred: All Talk and No Substance?The Modern Law Review 70, no. 1 (2007): 89113.Google Scholar
Gordon, Gregory S. Atrocity Speech Law: Foundation, Fragmentation, Fruition. Oxford University Press, 2017.Google Scholar
Gostin, Larry. ‘Collective and Individual Rights: Toward Resolving the Conflict’. In Civil Liberties in Conflict, edited by Gostin, Lawrence O.. New York: Routledge, 1988.Google Scholar
Graham, L. Bennett. ‘Defamation of Religions: The End of Pluralism’. Emory International Law Review 23 (2009): 6984.Google Scholar
Graumann, Carl F.Verbal Discrimination: A Neglected Chapter in the Social Psychology of Aggression’. Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour 28, no. 1 (1998): 4161.Google Scholar
Gray, John. Liberalism. Buckingham: Open University Press, 1995.Google Scholar
Green, James Frederick. ‘Changing Approaches to Human Rights: The United Nations, 1954 and 1974’. Texas International Law Journal 12 (1977): 223238.Google Scholar
Greenawalt, Kent. Fighting Words: Individuals, Communities, and Liberties of Speech. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1995.Google Scholar
Greenawalt, Kent. ‘Speech and Crime’. Law & Social Inquiry 5, no. 4 (1980): 645685.Google Scholar
Grey, Thomas C.Civil Rights vs. Civil Liberties: The Case of Discriminatory Verbal Harassment’. Social Philosophy and Policy 8, no. 02 (1991): 81107.Google Scholar
Griffin, James. On Human Rights. Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press, 2008.Google Scholar
Grimm, Dieter. ‘Freedom of Speech in a Globalized World’. In Extreme Speech and Democracy, edited by Hare, Ivan and Weinstein, James, 1122. New York: Oxford University Press, 2009.Google Scholar
Grinberg, Maxim. ‘Defamation of Religions v. Freedom of Expression: Finding the Balance in a Democratic Society’. Sri Lanka Journal of International Law 18 (2006): 197222.Google Scholar
Guerra, Luis Lopez. ‘Blasphemy and Religious Insult: Offenses to Religious Feelings or Attacks on Freedom?’ In Freedom of Expression: Essays in Honour of Nicolas Bratza President of the European Court of Human Rights, 307320. Wolf Legal Publishers, 2012.Google Scholar
Gunn, T. Jeremy. ‘The Complexity of Religion and the Definition of Religion in International Law’. Harvard Human Rights Journal 16 (2003): 189215.Google Scholar
Nathan, Hall. Hate Crime. New York: Routledge, 2013.Google Scholar
Miklos, Haraszti. ‘Forward: Hate Speech and the Coming Death of the International Standard before It Was Born (Complaints of a Watchdog).’ In The Content and Context of Hate Speech: Rethinking Regulation and Responses, edited by Herz, Michael and Molnar, Peter. Cambridge University Press, 2012.Google Scholar
Ivan, Hare. ‘Blasphemy and Incitement to Religious Hatred: Free Speech Dogma and Doctrine’. In Extreme Speech and Democracy, edited by Hare, Ivan and Weinstein, James, 289–310. New York: Oxford University Press, 2009.Google Scholar
Hare, Ivan and Weinstein, James, eds. Extreme Speech and Democracy. New York: Oxford University Press, 2009.Google Scholar
Harel, Alon. ‘What Demands Are Rights? An Investigation into the Relation between Rights and Reasons’. Oxford Journal of Legal Studies 17, no. 1 (1997): 101114.Google Scholar
Hassan, Parvez. ‘International Covenants on Human Rights: An Approach to Interpretation’. Buffalo Law Review 19 (1969): 3550.Google Scholar
Hawkins, Darren. ‘Explaining Costly International Institutions: Persuasion and Enforceable Human Rights Norms’. International Studies Quarterly 48, no. 4 (2004): 779804.Google Scholar
Heinze, Eric. ‘Toward a Legal Concept of Hatred: Democracy, Ontology, and the Limits of Deconstruction’. In Hate, Politics, Law: Critical Perspectives on Combatting Hate, edited by Brudholm, Thomas and Johansen, Birgitte Schepelern, 94112. Oxford University Press, 2018.Google Scholar
Heinze, Eric. ‘Viewpoint Absolutism and Hate Speech’. The Modern Law Review 69, no. 4 (2006): 543582.Google Scholar
Henkin, Louis. ‘Group Defamation and International Law’. In Group Defamation and Freedom of Speech: The Relationship between Language and Violence, edited by Freedman, Monroe H. and Freedman, Eric M., 123134. Greenwood Press, 1995.Google Scholar
Henkin, Louis. ‘International Human Rights and Rights in the United States’. In Human Rights in International Law, edited by Meron, Theodor, 2567. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1992.Google Scholar
Henkin, Louis. ‘Introduction’. In The International Bill of Rights: The Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, edited by Henkin, Louis, 131. Columbia University Press, 1981.Google Scholar
Herz, Michael E. and Molnár, Péter, eds. ‘Interview with Kenan Malik’. In The Content and Context of Hate Speech: Rethinking Regulation and Responses, 8191. Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press, 2012.Google Scholar
Herz, Michael E. and Molnár, Péter eds. ‘Interview with Robert Post’. In The Content and Context of Hate Speech: Rethinking Regulation and Responses, 1136. Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press, 2012.Google Scholar
Michael, Herz and Molnar, Peter. ‘Introduction’. In The Content and Context of Hate Speech: Rethinking Regulation and Responses, edited by Herz, Michael and Molnar, Peter, 17. Cambridge University Press, 2012.Google Scholar
Herz, Michael E. and Molnár, Péter eds. The Content and Context of Hate Speech: Rethinking Regulation and Responses. Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press, 2012.Google Scholar
Higgins, Rosalyn. ‘The United Nations: Still a Force for Peace’. The Modern Law Review 52, no. 1 (1989): 121.Google Scholar
Howard, Erica. Freedom of Expression and Religious Hate Speech in Europe. New York: Routledge, 2018.Google Scholar
Howard-Hassmann, Rhoda E.Canadians Discuss Freedom of Speech: Individual Rights Versus Group Protection’. International Journal on Minority and Group Right 7, no. 2 (2000): 3564.Google Scholar
Ingram, Attracta. A Political Theory of Rights. Oxford; New York: Clarendon Press; Oxford University Press, 1994.Google Scholar
Jeremy, Anthony W.Religious Offences’. Ecclesiastical Law Journal 7, no. 33 (2003): 127142.Google Scholar
Joseph, Sarah. ‘A Rights Analysis of the Covenant on Civil and Political Rights’. International Legal Studies 5 (1999).Google Scholar
Judson, Janis L. and Bertazzoni, Donna M. Law, Media and Culture, the Landscape of Hate. Peter Lang, 2002.Google Scholar
Kalin, Walter. ‘Examination of State Reports’. In UN Human Rights Treaty Bodies: Law and Legitimacy, edited by Keller, Helen and Ulfstein, Geir, 1672. Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press, 2012.Google Scholar
Kapai, Puja and Cheung, Anne SY. ‘Hanging in a Balance: Freedom of Expression and ReligionBuffalo Human Rights Law Review 15 (2009): 4179.Google Scholar
Keane, David. ‘Cartoon Violence and Freedom of Expression’. Human Rights Quarterly 30, no. 4 (2008): 845875.Google Scholar
Keck, E. Margaret and Sikkink, Kathryn. Activists beyond Borders: Advocacy Networks in International Politics. London: Cornell University Press, 1998.Google Scholar
Keller, Helen and Grover, Leena. ‘General Comments of the Human Rights Committee and Their Legitimacy.’ In UN Human Rights Treaty Bodies: Law and Legitimacy, edited by Keller, Helen and Ulfstein, Geir, 116198. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2012.Google Scholar
Keller, Helen and Ulfstein, Geir. ‘Conclusions’. In UN Human Rights Treaty Bodies: Law and Legitimacy, edited by Keller, Helen and Ulfstein, Geir, 414425. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2012.Google Scholar
Keipi, Teo, Näsi, Matti, Oksanen, Atte, and Räsänen, Pekka. Online Hate and Harmful Content: Cross-national Perspectives. New York: Routledge, 2017.Google Scholar
Kennedy, Randall. Nigger: The Strange Career of a Troublesome Word. New York: Pantheon Books, 2002.Google Scholar
Kiss, A. C.Permissible Limitations on Rights’. In The International Bill of Rights: The Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, edited by Henkin, Louis. New York: Columbia University Press, 1981.Google Scholar
Klabbers, Jan. ‘International Legal Histories: The Declining Importance of Travaux Préparatoires in Treaty Interpretation?Netherlands International Law Review 50, no. 03 (2003): 267288.Google Scholar
Klausen, Jytte. The Cartoons That Shook the World. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2009.Google Scholar
Klotz, Audie. Norms in International Relations: The Struggle against Apartheid. Cornell University Press, 1999.Google Scholar
Kratochwil, Friedrich V. Rules, Norms, and Decisions: On the Conditions of Practical and Legal Reasoning in International Relations and Domestic Affairs. Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press, 1989.Google Scholar
Kretzmer, David. ‘Freedom of Speech and Racism’. Cardozo Law Review 8 (1986–1987): 445514.Google Scholar
Kretzmer, David and Schauer, Frederick, eds. ‘Speech, Behaviour and the Interdependence of Fact and Value.’ In Freedom of Speech and Incitement Against Democracy, 4362. Kluwer Law International, 2000.Google Scholar
Kubler, Friedrich. ‘How Much Freedom for Racist Speech?: Transnational Aspects of a Conflict of Human Rights’. Hofstra Law Review 27 (1998): 335376.Google Scholar
Laborde, Cecile. ‘The Danish Cartoon Controversy and the Challenges of Multicultural Politics: A Discussion of the Cartoons That Shook the World’. Perspectives on Politics 9, no. 3 (2011): 603605.Google Scholar
Langer, Lorenz. ‘Recent Development: The Rise (and Fall?) of Defamation of Religions’. Yale Journal of International Law 35 (2010): 257263.Google Scholar
Langer, Lorenz. Religious Offence and Human Rights: The Implications of Defamation of Religions. Cambridge University Press, 2014.Google Scholar
Lasson, Kenneth. ‘Group Libel Versus Free Speech: When Big Brother Should Butt In’. Duquesne University Law Review 23, no. 1 (1984): 70130.Google Scholar
Lawrence, Charles R. III. ‘If He Hollers Let Him Go: Regulating Racist Speech on Campus’. Duke Law Journal 1990 (1990): 431483.Google Scholar
Lawrence, Frederick M.Violence-Conducive Speech: Punishable Verbal Assault or Protected Political Speech’. In Freedom of Speech and Incitement against Democracy, edited by Kretzmer, David and Hazan, Francine Kershman, 1132. Kluwer Law International, 2000.Google Scholar
Legro, Jeffrey W.Which Norms Matter? Revisiting the “failure” of Internationalism’. International Organization 51, no. 01 (1997): 3163.Google Scholar
Leigh, I. Damned if they do, Damned if they don’t: the European Court of Human Rights and the Protection of Religion from Attack. Res Publica 17, 5573 (2011).Google Scholar
Lerner, Natan. The UN Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination. 2nd ed. Alphen aan den Rijn [u.a.]: Sijthoff & Noordhoff, 1980.Google Scholar
Lester, Anthony. ‘The Right to Offend’. In Freedom of Expression: Essays in Honour of Nicolas Bratza President of the European Court of Human Rights, 297306. Wolf Legal Publishers, 2012.Google Scholar
Levey, Geoffrey Brahm and Modood, Tariq. ‘The Muhammad Cartoons and Multicultural Democracies.’ Ethnicities 9, no. 3 (1 September 2009): 427447.Google Scholar
Levin, Abigail. The Cost of Free Speech: Pornography, Hate Speech and Their Challenge to Liberalism. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2010.Google Scholar
Limon, Marc, Ghanea, Nazila, and Power, Hilary, ‘Freedom of Expression and Religions, the United Nations and the 16/18 Process.’ In Blasphemy and Freedom of Expression Comparative, Theoretical and Historical Reflections after the Charlie Hebdo Massacre, edited by Temperman, Jeroen and Koltay, András. 645680. Cambridge University Press, 2018.Google Scholar
MacCormick, Neil. Legal Right and Social Democracy: Essays in Legal and Political Philosophy. Oxford; New York: Clarendon Press; Oxford University Press, 1982.Google Scholar
Machan, Tibor R.Considerations of the Libertarian Alternative’. Harvard Journal of Law and Public Policy 2 (1979): 103124.Google Scholar
MacKinnon, Catharine A. Only Words. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1993.Google Scholar
MacKinnon, Catharine A.Pornography as Defamation and Discrimination’. In Group Defamation and Freedom of Speech: The Relationship between Language and Violence, edited by Freedman, Monroe H. and Freedman, Eric M., 253265. Greenwood Press, 1995.Google Scholar
Mahoney, Kathleen E.Speech, Equality, and Citizenship in Canada’. Common Law World Review 39, no. 1 (March 2010): 6999.Google Scholar
Mahoney, Paul. ‘Universality versus Subsidiarity in the Strasbourg Case Law on Free Speech’. European Human Rights Law Review 4 (1997): 364379.Google Scholar
Maitra, Ishani and McGowan, Mary Kathryn, eds. Speech and Harm: Controversies over Free Speech. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012.Google Scholar
Malik, Maleiha. ‘Extreme Speech and Liberalism.’ In Extreme Speech and Democracy, edited by Hare, Ivan and Weinstein, James, 96121. New York: Oxford University Press, 2009.Google Scholar
Marsh, Elizabeth. ‘Working Paper No. 3: “General Comments”’. International Council of Voluntary Agencies, December 2001. https://icvanetwork.org/doc00000486.html.Google Scholar
Massaro, Toni M.Equality and Freedom of Expression: The Hate Speech Dilemma’. William and Mary Law Review 32 (1991): 211266.Google Scholar
Massey, Calvin R.Hate Speech, Cultural Diversity, and the Foundational Paradigms of Free Expression’. UCLA Law Review 40 (1992): 103198.Google Scholar
Matsuda, Mari J.Outsider Jurisprudence: Toward a Victim’s Analysis of Racial Hate Messages’. In Group Defamation and Freedom of Speech: The Relationship Between Language and Violence, edited by Freedman, Monroe H. and Freedman, Eric M., 87121. Greenwood Press, 1995.Google Scholar
Matsuda, Mari J.Public Response to Racist Speech: Considering the Victim’s Story’. Michigan Law Review 87, no. 8 (August 1989): 23202381.Google Scholar
McDougal, Myres S., Lasswell, Harold D., and Chen, Lung-chu. ‘Human Rights and World Public Order: A Framework for Policy-Oriented Inquiry’. The American Journal of International Law 63, no. 2 (April 1969): 237269.Google Scholar
McGoldrick, Dominic and O’Donnell, Thérèse. ‘Hate-speech Laws: Consistency with National and International Human Rights Law’. Legal Studies 18, no. 4 (1998): 453485.Google Scholar
McGonagle, Tarlach. ‘A Survey and Critical Analysis of Council of Europe Strategies for Countering “Hate Speech”’. In The Content and Context of Hate Speech: Rethinking Regulation and Responses, edited by Herz, Michael E. and Molnár, Péter, 456498. Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press, 2012.Google Scholar
McGonagle, Tarlach. Minority Rights, Freedom of Expression and of the Media: Dynamics and Dilemmas. Cambridge; Portland: Intersentia, 2011.Google Scholar
Meer, Nasar and Modood, Tariq. ‘Refutations of Racism in the “Muslim Question”’. Patterns of Prejudice 43, no. 3–4 (2009): 335354.Google Scholar
Mendel, Toby. ‘Does International Law Provide for Consistent Rules on Hate Speech?’ In The Content and Context of Hate Speech: Rethinking Regulation and Responses, edited by Herz, Michael E. and Molnár, Péter, pp. 417429. Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press, 2012.Google Scholar
Mengistu, Yared Legesse. ‘Shielding Marginalized Groups from Verbal Assaults without Abusing Hate Speech Laws’. In The Content and Context of Hate Speech: Rethinking Regulation and Responses, edited by Herz, Michael E. and Molnár, Péter, 352377. Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press, 2012.Google Scholar
Meron, Theodor. Human Rights in International Law. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1992.Google Scholar
Meron, Theodor. Human Rights Law-Making in the United Nations: A Critique of Instruments and Process. Oxford; New York: Clarendon Press; Oxford University Press, 1986.Google Scholar
Mill, John Stuart. ‘On Liberty.’ In J. S. Mill, On Liberty in Focus, edited by Gray, John and Smith, G. W., 23130. New York: Routledge, 1991.Google Scholar
Modood, Tariq. ‘The Place of Muslims in British Secular Multiculturalism’. In The Challenge of Religious Discrimination at the Dawn of the New Millennium, edited by Ghanea-Hercock, Nazila, 223244. Leiden; Boston: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 2003.Google Scholar
Modood, Tariq, Hansen, Randall, Bleich, Erik, O’Leary, Brendan, and Carens, Joseph H.. ‘The Danish Cartoon Affair: Free Speech, Racism, Islamism, and Integration’. International Migration 44, no. 5 (2006): 362.Google Scholar
Peter, Molnar. ‘Responding to “Hate Speech” with Art, Education, and the Imminent Danger Test’. In The Content and Context of Hate Speech: Rethinking Regulation and Responses, edited by Herz, Michael and Molnar, Peter, 183197. Cambridge University Press, 2012.Google Scholar
Molnar, Peter. ‘Towards Improved Law and Policy on “Hate Speech”: The “Clear and Present Danger” Test in Hungary.’ In Extreme Speech and Democracy, edited by Hare, Ivan and Weinstein, James, 237264. Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press, 2009.Google Scholar
Moon, Richard. Putting Faith in Hate: When Religion Is the Source or Target of Hate Speech. Cambridge University Press, 2018.Google Scholar
Mutua, Makau. ‘Standard Setting in Human Rights: Critique and Prognosis’. Human Rights Quarterly 29, no. 3 (2007): 547630.Google Scholar
Nagtzaam, Gerry. The Making of International Environmental Treaties: Neoliberal and Constructivist Analyses of Normative Evolution. Edward Elgar Publishing, 2009.Google Scholar
Nash, David and Bakalis, Chara. ‘Incitement to Religious Hatred and the “Symbolic”: How Will the Racial and Religious Hatred Act 2006 Work?’. Liverpool Law Review 28, no. 3 (1 November 2007): 349375.Google Scholar
Nathwani, Niraj. ‘Religious Cartoons and Human Rights – A Critical Legal Analysis of the Case Law of the European Court of Human Rights on the Protection of Religious Feeling and Its Implications in the Danish Affair Concerning Cartoons of the Prophet Muhammed.’ European Human Rights Law Review 4 (2008): 488.Google Scholar
Nettheim, G.“Peoples” and “Populations”: Indigenous Peoples and the Rights of Peoples’. In The Rights of Peoples, edited by Crawford, James, 107–126. Oxford; New York: Clarendon Press; Oxford University Press, 1988.Google Scholar
Nifosi-Sutton, Ingrid. The Protection of Vulnerable Groups under International Human Rights Law. New York: Routledge, 2017.Google Scholar
Noorloos, Marloes van. Hate Speech Revisited: A Comparative and Historical Perspective on Hate Speech Law in the Netherlands and England & Wales. Cambridge; Portland: Intersentia, 2011.Google Scholar
Norris, David. ‘Are Laws Proscribing Incitement to Religious Hatred Compatible with Freedom of Speech?UCL Human Rights Review 1, no. 1 (2008): 102117.Google Scholar
Norris, David. ‘Note: A Communitarian Defense of Group Libel Laws’. Harvard Law Review 101 (1988): 682701.Google Scholar
Nowak, Manfred. U.N. Covenant on Civil and Political Rights: CCPR Commentary. 2nd ed. Kehl, Germany; Arlington, VA: N.P. Engel, 2005.Google Scholar
Nowlin, Christopher J.The Protection of Morals under the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms’. Human Rights Quarterly 24, no. 1 (2002): 264286.Google Scholar
Oetheimer, Mario. ‘Protecting Freedom of Expression: The Challenge of Hate Speech in the European Court of Human Rights Case Law’. Cardozo Journal of International and Comparative Law 17 (2009): 427444.Google Scholar
Oliva, Javier García. ‘The Legal Protection of Believers and Beliefs in the United Kingdom’. Ecclesiastical Law Journal 9, no. 01 (2007): 6686.Google Scholar
Osiatynski, Wiktor. Human Rights and Their Limits. Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press, 2009.Google Scholar
Osiatynski, Wiktor. ‘Outcome Document of the Durban Review Conference’. April 2009. www.un.org/en/durbanreview2009/pdf/Durban_Review_outcome_document_En.pdf.Google Scholar
Oyediran, J.Article 13 (5)of the American Convention on Human Rights’. In Striking a Balance: Hate Speech, Freedom of Expression, and Non-discrimination, edited by Coliver, Sandra. Article 19, International Centre Against Censorship, Human Rights Centre, University of Essex, 1992.Google Scholar
Parekh, Bhikhu. ‘Group Libel and Freedom of Expression: Thoughts on the Rushdie Affair’. In Striking a Balance: Hate Speech, Freedom of Expression and Non-discrimination, edited by Coliver, Sandra, 358362. Article 19, International Centre Against Censorship, Human Rights Centre University of Essex, 1992.Google Scholar
Parekh, Bhikhu. ‘Is There a Case for Banning Hate Speech?’ In The Content and Context of Hate Speech: Rethinking Regulation and Responses, edited by Herz, Michael E. and Molnár, Péter, 3756. Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press, 2012.Google Scholar
Parekh, Bhikhu C. Rethinking Multiculturalism: Cultural Diversity and Political Theory. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2000.Google Scholar
Parmar, Sejal. ‘The Challenge of “Defamation of Religion” to Freedom of Expression and the International Human Rights’. European Human Rights Law Review 3 (2009): 353375.Google Scholar
Partsch, K. J.Racial Speech and Human Rights: Article 4 of the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination’. In Striking a Balance: Hate Speech, Freedom of Expression, and Non-discrimination, edited by Coliver, Sandra, 2128. Article 19, International Centre Against Censorship, Human Rights Centre, University of Essex, 1992.Google Scholar
Partsch, Karl Josef. ‘Freedom of Conscience and Expression, and Political Freedoms’. In The International Bill of Rights: The Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, edited by Henkin, Louis, 209–245. New York: Columbia University Press, 1981.Google Scholar
Petrova, Dimitrina. ‘“Smoke and Mirrors”: The Durban Review Conference and Human Rights Politics at the United Nations’. Human Rights Law Review 10, no. 1 (1 March 2010): 129150.Google Scholar
Pinto, Meital. ‘What Are Offences to Feelings Really About? A New Regulative Principle for the Multicultural Era’. Oxford Journal of Legal Studies 30, no. 4 (21 December 2010): 695723.Google Scholar
Post, Robert. ‘Cultural Heterogeneity and Law: Pornography, Blasphemy, and the First Amendment’. California Law Review 76, no. 2 (March 1988): 297335.Google Scholar
Post, Robert. ‘Hate Speech’. In Extreme Speech and Democracy, edited by Hare, Ivan and Weinstein, James, 123138. Oxford University Press, 2009.Google Scholar
Post, Robert. ‘Racist Speech, Democracy, and the First Amendment’. William and Mary Law Review 32 (1991): 267328.Google Scholar
Post, Robert. ‘Religion and Freedom of Speech: Portraits of Muhammad’. Constellations 14, no. 1 (2007): 7290.Google Scholar
Post, Robert. ‘The Constitutional Concept of Public Discourse: Outrageous Opinion, Democratic Deliberation, and Hustler Magazine v. Falwell’. Harvard Law Review 103, no. 3 (January 1990): 601686.Google Scholar
Price, Richard. ‘Moral Limit and Possibility in World Politics’. International Organization 62, no. 02 (2008): 191220.Google Scholar
Redish, Martin H. Freedom of Expression: A Critical Analysis. Charlottesville, VA: Michie Co., 1984.Google Scholar
Rehman, Javaid. International Human Rights Law. Harlow; New York: Longman/Pearson, 2010.Google Scholar
Reichman, Amnon. ‘Criminalizing Religiously Offensive Satire: Free Speech, Human Dignity, and Comparative Law’. In Extreme Speech and Democracy, edited by Hare, Ivan and Weinstein, James, 331356. Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press, 2009.Google Scholar
Richards, David A. J. Free Speech and the Politics of Identity. Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press, 1999.Google Scholar
Riesman, David. ‘Democracy and Defamation: Control of Group Libel’. Columbia Law Review 42, no. 5 (May 1942): 727780.Google Scholar
Risse-Kappen, Thomas, Ropp, Stephen C., and Sikkink, Kathryn. The Power of Human Rights: International Norms and Domestic Change. Cambridge University Press, 1999.Google Scholar
Rosenfeld, Michel. ‘Hate Speech in Constitutional Jurisprudence: A Comparative Analysis’. Cardozo Law Review 24 (2002): 15231568.Google Scholar
Rosenfeld, Michel. ‘Hate Speech in Constitutional Jurisprudence: A Comparative Analysis’. In The Content and Context of Hate Speech: Rethinking Regulation and Responses, edited by Herz, Michael E. and Molnár, Péter, 242289. Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press, 2012.Google Scholar
Roth, S. J.CSCE Standards on Incitement to Hatred and Discrimination on National, Racial or Religious Grounds’. In Striking a Balance: Hate Speech, Freedom of Expression, and Non-discrimination, edited by Coliver, Sandra, 5560. Article 19, International Centre Against Censorship, Human Rights Centre, University of Essex, 1992.Google Scholar
Rowbottom, Jacob. ‘Media Freedom and Political Debate in the Digital Era’. The Modern Law Review 69, no. 4 (2006): 489513.Google Scholar
Rytina, Nancy. Estimates of the Legal Permanent Resident Population in 2012, July 2013. www.dhs.gov/sites/default/files/publications/ois_lpr_pe_2012.pdf.Google Scholar
Sadurski, Wojciech. Freedom of Speech and Its Limits. Springer, 1999.Google Scholar
Sadurski, Wojciech. Moral Pluralism and Legal Neutrality. Dordrecht; Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1990.Google Scholar
Sadurski, Wojciech. ‘On Seeing Speech through an Equality Lens: A Critique of Egalitarian Arguments for Suppression of Hate Speech and Pornography’. Oxford Journal of Legal Studies 16 (1996): 713724.Google Scholar
Sandel, Michael J. Liberalism and the Limits of Justice. Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press, 1982.Google Scholar
Sandholtz, Wayne. ‘Dynamics of International Norm Change: Rules against Wartime Plunder’. European Journal of International Relations 14, no. 1 (1 March 2008): 101131.Google Scholar
Sandholtz, Wayne. ‘Globalization and the Evolution of Rules’. In Globalization and Governance, edited by Prakash, Aseem and Hart, Jeffrey A., 77102. New York: Routledge, 1999.Google Scholar
Sandholtz, Wayne and Stiles, Kendall W.. International Norms and Cycles of Change. Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press, 2009.Google Scholar
Schabas, William. Genocide in International Law: The Crimes of Crimes. Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press, 2000.Google Scholar
Schabas, William A. Genocide in International Law: The Crime of Crimes. 2nd ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009.Google Scholar
Schauer, Frederick. ‘The Phenomenology of Speech and Harm’. Ethics 103, no. 4 (1993): 635653.Google Scholar
Schauer, Frederick. ‘Slippery Slopes’. Harvard Law Review 99 (1985): 361383.Google Scholar
Schlutter, Birgit. ‘Aspects of Human Rights Interpretation by the UN Treaty Bodies’. In UN Human Rights Treaty Bodies: Law and Legitimacy, edited by Keller, Helen and Ulfstein, Geir. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2012.Google Scholar
Schweppe, Jennifer and Walters, Mark Austin, ‘Introduction: The Globalization of Hate’. In The Globalization of Hate: Internationalizing Hate Crime?, edited by Schweppe, Jennifer and Walters, Mark Austin, 112. New York: Oxford University Press, 2016.Google Scholar
Scolnicov, Anat. The Right to Religious Freedom in International Law: Between Group Rights and Individual Rights. New York: Routledge, 2011.Google Scholar
Scordato, Marin and Monopoli, Paula A.. ‘Free Speech Rationales after September 11th: The First Amendment in Post-World Trade Center America’. Stanford Law & Policy Review 13 (2002): 185206.Google Scholar
Seeley, James J.Article Twenty of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights: First Amendment Comments and Questions’. Virginia Journal of International Law 10 (1970): 328347.Google Scholar
Segerlund, Lisbeth. Making Corporate Social Responsibility a Global Concern: Norm Construction in a Globalizing World. Farnham; Burlington: Ashgate, 2010.Google Scholar
Sen, Amartya. ‘Elements of a Theory of Human Rights’. Philosophy & Public Affairs 32, no. 4 (2004): 315356.Google Scholar
Shany, Yuval. ‘Toward a General Margin of Appreciation Doctrine in International Law?European Journal of International Law 16, no. 5 (1 November 2005): 907940.Google Scholar
Sieghart, Paul. The International Law of Human Rights. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1983.Google Scholar
Sim Kok Eng, Amy. ‘Preventing Hatred or Silencing Voices: Making the Case for a Rigorous Threshold for the Incitement to National, Racial or Religious Hatred’. Bangkok, 2011. www.ohchr.org/Documents/Issues/Expression/ICCPR/Bangkok/AmySim.pdf.Google Scholar
Simpson, Evan. ‘Responsibilities for Hateful Speech’. Legal Theory 12, no. 02 (2006): 157177.Google Scholar
Skorini, Heini í, ‘The OIC and Freedom of Expression: Justifying Religious Censorship Norms with Human Rights Language’. In The Organization of Islamic Cooperation and Human Rights, edited by Petersen, Marie Juul and Kayaoglu, Turan, 114141. Pennsylvania: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2019.Google Scholar
Smelser, Neil J. Theory of Collective Behavior. New York: Free Press; Collier-Macmillan, 1962.Google Scholar
Smith, Karen E.The European Union at the Human Rights Council: Speaking with One Voice but Having Little Influence’. Journal of European Public Policy 17, no. 2 (2010): 224241.Google Scholar
Smith, Rhona K. M. Textbook on International Human Rights. 4th ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009.Google Scholar
Sohn, Louis B.New International Law: Protection of the Rights of Individuals Rather than States’. American University Law Review 32 (1982): 164.Google Scholar
Sottiaux, Stefan. ‘“Bad Tendencies” in the ECtHR’s “Hate Speech” Jurisprudence’. European Constitutional Law Review 7, no. 01 (2011): 4063.Google Scholar
Steiner, Henry J., Alston, Philip, and Goodman, Ryan. International Human Rights in Context: Law, Politics, Morals: Text and Materials. Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press, 2008.Google Scholar
Sternberg, Robert J. and Sternberg, Karin. The Nature of Hate. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2008.Google Scholar
Stone, Geoffrey R.Content Regulation and the First Amendment’. William and Mary Law Review 25 (1983): 189.Google Scholar
Stone, Geoffrey R.Content-Neutral Restrictions’. The University of Chicago Law Review 54, no. 1 (1987): 46118.Google Scholar
Sumner, L. W.Incitement and the Regulation of Hate Speech in Canada: A Philosophical Analysis’. In Extreme Speech and Democracy, edited by Hare, Ivan and Weinstein, James, 204220. New York: Oxford University Press, 2009.Google Scholar
Sumner, Wayne. ‘Hate Speech and the Law: A Canadian Perspective’. In Pluralism and Law, edited by Soeteman, Arend, 3754. Sits-Stuttgart: Springer, 2011.Google Scholar
Taylor, Paul M. Freedom of Religion: UN and European Human Rights Law and Practice. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2005.Google Scholar
Teff, Harvey. Causing Psychiatric and Emotional Harm: Reshaping the Boundaries of Legal Liability. Portland: Hart Publishing, 2009.Google Scholar
Temperman, Jeroen. ‘Blasphemy, Defamation of Religions & Human Rights Law’. Netherlands Quarterly of Human Rights 26, no. 4 (2008): 517545.Google Scholar
Temperman, Jeroen. Religious Hatred and International Law: The Prohibition of Incitement to Violence or Discrimination. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2015.Google Scholar
Thomson, Judith Jarvis. The Realm of Rights. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1990.Google Scholar
Thornberry, Patrick. ‘Forms of Hate Speech and the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (ICERD)’. Religion & Human Rights 5, no. 2 (1 January 2010): 97117.Google Scholar
Timmermann, Wibke Kristin. ‘Incitement in International Criminal Law’. International Review of the Red Cross 88, no. 864 (2006): 823852.Google Scholar
Timmermann, Wibke Kristin. Incitement in International Law. New York: Routledge, 2015.Google Scholar
Timmermann, Wibke Kristin. ‘Incitement, Instigation, Hate Speech and War Propaganda in International Law’. LL.M. Thesis, Centre Universitaire de Droit International Humanitaire. Accessed 12 July 2013. www.geneva-academy.ch/docs/memoires/memoire_timmermann.pdf.Google Scholar
Timmermann, Wibke Kristin. ‘The Relationship between Hate Propaganda and Incitement to Genocide: A New Trend in International Law towards Criminalization of Hate Propaganda?Leiden Journal of International Law 18, no. 02 (2005): 257282.Google Scholar
Tobin, John. The Right to Health in International Law. New York: Oxford University Press, 2012.Google Scholar
Tsesis, Alexander. ‘Dignity and Speech: The Regulation of Hate Speech in a Democracy’. Wake Forest Law Review 44 (2009): 497532.Google Scholar
Tsesis, Alexander. ‘Hate in Cyberspace: Regulating Hate Speech on the Internet’. San Diego Law Review 38 (2001): 817.Google Scholar
Tuck, Richard. Natural Rights Theories: Their Origin and Development. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1979.Google Scholar
Tulkens, Francoise. ‘When to Say Is to Do Freedom of Expression and Hate Speech in the Case-Law of the European Court of Human Rights’. Strasbourg, 2012. www.ejtn.net/Documents/About%20EJTN/Independent%20Seminars/TULKENS_Francoise_Presentation_When_to_Say_is_To_Do_Freedom_of_Expression_and_Hate_Speech_in_the_Case_Law_of_the_ECtHR_October_2012.pdf.Google Scholar
Türk, Danilo. ‘Introduction: Group Rights and Human Rights’. In The Tension between Group Rights and Human Rights: A Multidisciplinary Approach, edited by de Feyter, K. and Pavlakos, George, 18. Portland: Hart Publishing, 2008.Google Scholar
Tyagi, Yogesh. The UN Human Rights Committee: Practice and Procedure. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2011.Google Scholar
Vance, Susannah C.Permissibility of Incitement to Religious Hatred Offenses under European Convention Principles’. Transnational Law & Contemporary Problems 14 (2004): 201.Google Scholar
Verkhovsky, Alexander. ‘Data-Collection and Fact-Finding’. Vienna, 2011. www.ohchr.org/Documents/Issues/Expression/ICCPR/Vienna/CRP2Verkhovsky.pdf.Google Scholar
Vrielink, Jogchum. ‘Islamophobia and the Law: Belgian Hate Speech Legislation and the Wilful Destruction of the Koran’. International Journal of Discrimination and the Law 14, no.1 (2014): 5465Google Scholar
Waldron, Jeremy. Liberal Rights: Collected Papers 1981–1991. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993.Google Scholar
Waldron, Jeremy. ‘Mill and the Value of Moral Distress’. Political Studies 35, no. 3 (1987): 410423.Google Scholar
Waldron, Jeremy. The Harm in Hate Speech. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2012.Google Scholar
Walker, Samuel. Hate Speech: The History of an American Controversy. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1994.Google Scholar
Walzer, Michael. Spheres of Justice: A Defense of Pluralism and Equality. New York: Basic Books, 1983.Google Scholar
Weber, Cynthia. International Relations Theory: A Critical Introduction. New York: Routledge, 2009.Google Scholar
Weinstein, James. Hate Speech, Pornography, and the Radical Attack on Free Speech Doctrine. Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1999.Google Scholar
Wendel, W. Bradley. ‘“Certain Fundamental Truths”: A Dialectic on Negative and Positive Liberty in Hate-Speech Cases’. Law and Contemporary Problems 65, no. 2 (2002): 3385.Google Scholar
Werbner, Pnina. ‘Islamophobia: Incitement to Religious Hatred – Legislating for a New Fear?Anthropology Today 21, no. 1 (2005): 59.Google Scholar
West, Caroline. ‘Words That Silence? Freedom of Expression and Racist Hate Speech’. In Speech and Harm: Controversies over Free Speech, edited by Maitra, Ishani and McGowan, Mary Kathryn, 222248. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012.Google Scholar
Yang, Tseming. ‘Race, Religion, and Cultural Identity: Reconciling the Jurisprudence of Race and Religion’. Indiana Law Journal 73 (1997): 119.Google Scholar
Zeno-Zencovich, Vincenzo. Freedom of Expression: A Critical and Comparative Analysis. 1st ed. Oxon: Routledge-Cavendish, 2008.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure [email protected] is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

  • Bibliography
  • Mona Elbahtimy
  • Book: The Right to Protection from Incitement to Hatred
  • Online publication: 21 October 2021
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108946490.007
Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

  • Bibliography
  • Mona Elbahtimy
  • Book: The Right to Protection from Incitement to Hatred
  • Online publication: 21 October 2021
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108946490.007
Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

  • Bibliography
  • Mona Elbahtimy
  • Book: The Right to Protection from Incitement to Hatred
  • Online publication: 21 October 2021
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108946490.007
Available formats
×