The works of Richard Strauss are now central to the programming and scheduling policies of individual artists, opera houses, orchestras, and recording companies. Whether it be Ein Heldenleben or Salome, Metamorphosen or Ariadne auf Naxos, Eine Alpensinfonie or Der Rosenkavalier, Strauss’s works soon attracted the attention of performers and audiences alike and quickly became barometers of orchestral and vocal excellence. This chapter examines performance data and the ways in which that data reflects trends in Strauss performance. The chapter also looks closely at how Strauss’s oeuvre was framed within an orchestral and operatic context, the shifting responses of conductors, singers, and instrumentalists to his compositions, the ways in which those responses are reflected in the discographies of individual artists, orchestras, and opera companies, and the relationship between Strauss’s works and advances in recording technologies.