This chapter mainly discusses the process of Shanghai evacuating a large number of urban population from the city in the early days of the founding of the people’s Republic of China by sending “refugees” and “victims” home, mobilizing farmers to return home for production, and calling on urban residents to migrate and reclaim wasteland, and changing their identity into farmers through land reform, joining co-operatives or establishing collective farms.The Communist Party of China reduces the urban population and consumption through these methods, aiming to realize the strategy of industrialization as soon as possible and build a strong socialist country.