The core concept of this chapter is scientific authorship. In essence, authors must make substantial contributions to both research, writing, and publishing. Authorship comes with not only professional credits but also professional responsibilities. After presenting intuitive responses and multiple cases related to authorship (York, Michelle, Zack, and Chinese Graduate Students), the chapter discusses that authorship in the real world is diverse and complex, ranging from non-authors, co-authors, beginning authors, to ESL authors. It ends with several practical suggestions: being a good author focusing on both credits and responsibilities of authors rather than just credits; being a good coauthor focusing on changing professional contributions in the publication process; being a good first time author focusing on performing professional communication; and being a good ESL author focusing on making unique scientific contributions as ESL authors.