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from Section 3 - Antepartum (Late Pregnancy)
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 08 April 2025
Preterm labor, marked by cervical changes between 20 0/7 and 36 6/7 weeks’ gestation, is a significant contributor to preterm birth, accounting for 50% of such cases and is associated with increased neonatal mortality and long-term health issues. Understanding preterm labor involves considering diverse factors, including maternal medical history, demographics, and current pregnancy characteristics. Modifiable risk factors such as short interpregnancy intervals and substance use play a role in its onset. Diagnostic tools like transvaginal ultrasonography and fetal fibronectin aid in identifying at-risk individuals. Effective management of preterm labor is a pivotal aspect of obstetric care. Tocolytics, antenatal corticosteroids, and group B streptococcus prophylaxis are integral interventions. Decisions about the mode of delivery include the potential benefits of cesarean delivery in extreme prematurity. This case underscores the importance of vigilant monitoring, timely diagnosis, and intervention in addressing preterm labor, thereby mitigating its adverse effects on maternal and neonatal health.
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