Archives de la Planète (Albert Kahn Collection), Hauts-de-Seine Open Data, https://opendata.hauts-de-seine.fr/explore/dataset/archives-de-la-planete/images/ ?disjunctive.operateur&sort=identifiant_fakir&location=2,28.34802,5.37321&basemap=jawg.streets.Google Scholar

Atay, Çınar, 19. Yüzyıl Izmir Fotoğrafları (Antalya: AKMED, 1997).Google Scholar

Atay, Çınar, Osmanlı’dan Cumhuriyet’e İzmir Planları (Izmir: Yaşar Eğitim ve Kültür Vakfı, 1998).Google Scholar

Rıfat, Bali (ed.), A Survey of Some Social Conditions in Smyrna, Asia Minor – May 1921 (Izmir: Libra, 2010).Google Scholar

Brızitsov, Hristo, İstanbul’dan Mektuplar (Istanbul: Kitap Yayınevi, 2016).Google Scholar

Erdoğan, Recep Tayyip, speech held at Ibn Khaldun University, 21 October 2017, on YouTube, “Erdoğan İstanbul’un kıymetini bilmedik,” www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ghy3XE6VRt4.Google Scholar

Mehmet Akıf, Ersoy, “İstiklâl Marşı,” wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0stiklal_Mar%C5%9F%C4%B1#ref_n88.Google Scholar

Veličko, Georgiev and Stajko, Trifonov (eds.), Makedonija i Trakija v borba za svoboda: Krajât na XIX – načaloto na XX vek (Sofia: Makedonski Naučen Institut, 1995).Google Scholar

Resul, Köse, and Muzaffer, Albayrak (eds.), Arşiv Belgelerine Göre Osmanlı’da Gösteri Sanatları: Geleneksel Seyir Sanatları (Kukla-Karagöz-Ortaoyunlu), Tiyatro, Sinema (Istanbul: Osmanlı Arşivi Daire Başkanlığı, 2015).Google Scholar

League of Nations, “French Mandate for Syria and Lebanon,” American Journal of International Law 17/3 (Supplement), www.ndu.edu.lb/Lerc/resources/French%20Mandate%20for%20Syria%20and%20the%20Lebanon.pdf. Last accessed 9 July 2020.Google Scholar

League of Nations, “Palestine Mandate,” Avalon Project, http://avalon.law.yale.edu/20th_century/palmanda.asp. Last accessed 9 July 2020.Google Scholar

Levantine Heritage, “Frederick de Cramer,” www.levantineheritage.com/testi86.htm; “Prokopp” (by Marie-Anne Marandet, Andrew Simes, and George Vassiadis), www.levantineheritage.com/prokopp.htm; “Osman Streater,” www.levantineheritage.com/testi20.htm; “The van Lennep Genealogy,” www.levantineheritage.com/pdf/The_Van_Lennep_Genealogy_Smyrna_Branch.pdf; “Walker,” www.levantineheritage.com/walker.htm.Google Scholar

Hagop, Mıntzuri, İstanbul Anıları (Istanbul: Aras, 2017).Google Scholar

Alka, Nestoroff, The Istanbul Letters of Alka Nestoroff (Bonn: Max Weber Stiftung, 2015).Google Scholar

Schulte, , Eduard (ed.), Carl Humann, der Entdecker des Weltwunders von Pergamon, in Zeugnissen seiner Zeit 1839–1896 geschildert (Dortmund, 1971).Google Scholar

Thessaloniki Municipality, “Monuments,” https://thessaloniki.gr/i-want-to-know-the-city/discover/monuments/?lang=en.Google Scholar

Mithat, Ahmet, Bütün eserleri, vol. VIII (Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu, 2000).Google Scholar

Baedeker, Karl, Konstantinopel und Kleinasien (Balkanstaaten, Archipel, Cypern) (Leipzig: Baedeker, 1914).Google Scholar

Bareilles, Bertrand, Constantinople: ses cités franques et levantines (Péra – Galata – banlieue) (Paris: Editions Bossard, 1918).Google Scholar

Barring, Evelyn, Modern Egypt (Cambridge: Hard Press, 2013).Google Scholar

Barth, Hans, Unter südlichem Himmel: Bilder aus dem Orient und Italien (Leipzig: Rengersche Buchh., 1893).Google Scholar

Bigart, Jaques, “Alliance Isréalite Universelle,” in Jewish Encyclopedia (1906) www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/1264-alliance-israelite-universelle.Google Scholar

Braudel, Fernand, The Mediterranean and the Mediterranean World in the Age of Philip II., vol. II (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1966).Google Scholar

Brunau, Max, Das Deutschtum in Mazedonien (Stuttgart: Ausland und Heimat, 1925).Google Scholar

Bülow, Hugo von, “Eine Konsular-Reise durch das General-Gouvernement Smyrna,” in Globus 1864, vol. VI, 207–210, 243–246, 273–277, 342–347.Google Scholar

Busch-Zantner, Richard, Agrarverfassung und Siedlung in Südosteuropa unter bes. Berücksichtigung der Türkenzeit (Leipzig: Harrassowitz, 1938).Google Scholar

Calligas, Paul, Voyage à Syros, Smyrne et Constantinople (Paris: L’Harmattan, 1997).Google Scholar

Çayan, Tigran, “La musique à Constantinople,” La Revue Musicale 8 (11/June 1908), 329–331.Google Scholar

Chamfort, Sébastien Roch Nicolas, Der Kaufmann von Smyrna (Mannheim: E. F. Schwan, 1770).Google Scholar

auteurs, Cinq, L’aveugle de Smyrne (Paris: Augustin Courbé, 1638).Google Scholar

Deschamps, Gaston, Sur les routes d’Asie (Paris: Armand Colin Et Cie, 1894).Google Scholar

Duhani, Said N., Quand Beyoglu s’appelait Pera: Les temps qui ne reviendront plus (Istanbul: Édition La Turquie Moderne, 1956).Google Scholar

Elias, Norbert, On the Process of Civilisation (Dublin: University College Dublin Press, 2012).Google Scholar

Fallmerayer, Jakob Ph., Fragmente aus dem Orient (Munich: Bruckmann, 1963).Google Scholar

Fallmerayer, Jakob Ph., Geschichte der Halbinsel Morea während des Mittelalters (Hildesheim: Olms, 1965).Google Scholar

Fanon, Frantz, Black Skin, White Masks (New York: Grove Press, 1967).Google Scholar

Formby, Henry, A Visit to the East Comprising Germany, the Danube, Constantinople, Asia, Egypt and Idumea (London: Mason Press, 1843).Google Scholar

Forneris, Anna, Schicksale und Erlebnisse einer Kärtnerin während ihrer Reisen in verschiedenen Ländern und fast 30-jährigen Aufenthalts im Oriente, als: in Malta, Corfu, Constantinopel, Smyrna, Tiflis, Tauris, Jerusalem, Rom … beschrieben von ihr selbst (Klagenfurt: Heyn 1985).Google Scholar

Fröbel, Julius, Ein Lebenslauf: Aufzeichnungen, Erinnerungen und Bekenntnisse, vol. II. (Stuttgart: Cotta, 1891).Google Scholar

Grothe, Hugo Auf türkischer Erde: Reisebilder und Studien (Berlin: Allgemeiner Verein für Deutsche Literatur, 1903).Google Scholar

Hartmann, Martin, Der islamische Orient: Berichte und Forschungen, vol. III (Leipzig: Rudolf Haupt, 1910).Google Scholar

Hemingway, Ernest, “On the Quai at Smyrna,” 1925, https://pantherfile.uwm.edu/wash/www/hemingway.htm.Google Scholar

Herder, Johann Gottfried, Theoretische Schriften: Ideen zur Philosophie der Geschichte der Menschheit (Berlin: Holzinger, 2013), www.zeno.org/Lesesaal/N/9781482559736.Google Scholar

Gustav, Humbert, Konstantinopel-London-Smyrna: Skizzen aus dem Leben eines kaiserlich deutschen Auslands-Beamten (Berlin: Hochschule & Ausland, 1927).Google Scholar

Khaldun, Ibn, Abd-ar-Rahman Ibn-Muhammad, The Muqadimmah: An Introduction to History, vol. II (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1967).Google Scholar

al-Jabarti,  Abd al-Rahman, Al-Jabarti’s Chronicle of the First Seven Months of the French Occupation of Egypt (Leiden: Brill, 1975).Google Scholar

Jahn, August M., “Reise von Mainz nach Egypten, Jerusalem und Konstantinopel,” in Kellner-Heinkele, Barbara and Hauenschild, Ingeborg (eds.), Türkei: Streifzüge im Osmanischen Reich nach Reiseberichten des 18. und 19. Jahrhunderts (Frankfurt/Main: Societäts-Verl., 1990), 29–63.Google Scholar

Kastriotis, Stephanos,  Constantinople, janvier 1841, lettre de Stephanos Kastriotis à M. C. Polyeucte, sur les affaires d’Orient et la politique européenne (Paris: Perrotin, 1841).Google Scholar

Kauder, E., Reisebilder aus Persien, Turkestan und der Türkei (Breslau: Schlesische Buchdruckerei, 1900).Google Scholar

Kerr, Alfred, Die Welt im Licht, vol. II (Berlin: Fischer, 1920).Google Scholar

Klötzel, Chesekiel Z., In Saloniki (Berlin: Jüdischer Verl., 1920).Google Scholar

Lévy, Sam, Salonique à la fin du XIXe siècle (Istanbul: Isis Press, 2000).Google Scholar

Lindau, Paul, An der Westküste Klein-Asiens (Berlin: Allgemeiner Verein für Deutsche Literatur, 1900).Google Scholar

Lindenberg, Paul, Auf deutschen Pfaden im Orient (Berlin: Dümmler, 1902).Google Scholar

MacFarlane, Charles, Constantinople in 1828: A Residence of Sixteen Months in the Turkish Capital and Provinces. With an Account of the Present State of the Naval and Military Power, and of the Resources of the Ottoman Empire, vol. I (London: Saunders and Otley, 1829).Google Scholar

Mann, Thomas, Betrachtungen eines Unpolitischen (Berlin: Fischer, 1920).Google Scholar

Reisebücher, Meyers, Griechenland und Kleinasien (Leipzig: Bibliographisches Institut, 1901).Google Scholar

Reisebücher, Meyers, Balkanstaaten und Konstantinopel (Leipzig: Bibliographisches Institut, 1914).Google Scholar

Moltke, Helmuth, Briefe über Zustände und Begebenheiten in der Türkei aus den Jahren 1835 bis 1839 (Berlin: Mittler, 1876).Google Scholar

Nahmer, Ernst v.d., “Deutsche Kolonisationspläne und -erfolge in der Türkei vor 1870,” Schmollers Jahrbuch für Gesetzgebung 3/4, 40, 1916.Google Scholar

Nietzsche, Friedrich, Digitale Kritische Gesamtausgabe: Werke und Briefe, eKGWB/FW-377: “Die fröhliche Wissenschaft,” § 377; and eKGWB/NF-1885,2 [196]: “Nachgelassene Fragmente Herbst 1885 – Herbst 1886,” www.nietzschesource.org.Google Scholar

Sir Pears, Edwin, Forty Years in Constantinople: The Recollections of Sir Edwin Pears, 1873–1915, with 16 Illustrations (New York: D. Appleton and Company, 1916).Google Scholar

Raschdau, Ludwig, Ein sinkendes Reich: Erlebnisse eines deutschen Diplomaten im Orient (Berlin: Mittler & Sohn, 1934).Google Scholar

Recaizade, Mahmut Ekrem, Araba Sevdası (Istanbul: İnkılap, 1985).Google Scholar

Rimbaud, Jean Arthur, “Mauvais Sang,” in Rimbaud, Arthur, Une saison en Enfer (Brussels, 1873), www.mag4.net/Rimbaud/poesies/Sang.html.Google Scholar

Sacher-Masoch, Leopold von, Venus im Pelz/Grausame Frauen (Norderstedt: Books on Demand, 2010).Google Scholar

Scherer, Hermann, Reisen in der Levante 1859–1865 (Frankfurt/Main: Winter, 1866).Google Scholar

Scherzer, Karl von, Humann, Carl, and Stöckel, J. M., Smyrna: Mit besonderer Rücksicht auf die geographischen, wirthschaftlichen und intelectuellen Verhältnisse von Vorder-Kleinasien (Vienna: A. Hölder, 1883).Google Scholar

Schulz-Labischin, Gotthold, Die Sängerreise der Berliner Liedertafel nach dem Orient (Berlin: Im Selbstverlage des Vereins, 1908).Google Scholar

Schwan, Friedrich, Erinnerungen eines Konsuls: 1871–1887 Ägypten, Konstantinopel, Salonich, Korfu, Jassy, Venedig, Amsterdam, Ägypten (Vienna: Braumüller, 1917).Google Scholar

Sciaky, Leon, Farewell to Ottoman Salonica (Istanbul: Isis Press, 2000).Google Scholar

Seetzen, U. J., “Reise-Nachrichten,” Monatliche Correspondenz zur Beförderung der Erd- und Himmels-Kunde, Dec. 1803.Google Scholar

Steinwald, Ernst, Beiträge zur Geschichte der deutschen evangelischen Gemeinde zu Smyrna 1759–1904 (Berlin: Vaterl. Verl.- u. Kunstanst., 1904).Google Scholar

Tancoigne, J. M., Voyage à Smyrne, dans l’archipel et l’ile de Candie, en 1811, 1812, 1813 et 1814; suivi d’une notice sur Péra et d’une description de la marche du Sultan, vol. I (Paris: Nepveu, 1817).Google Scholar

Tİbrahim Hilmi, üccarzâde, Avrupalılaşmak (Ankara: Gündoğan, 1997).Google Scholar

Uşaklıgil, Halid Ziya, Aşk-ı memnu (Istanbul: İnkılap, 1974).Google Scholar

Wanda, , Souvenirs Anecdotiques sur la Turquie 1820–1870 (Paris: Firmin-Didot et Cie, 1884).Google Scholar

Weber, Max, Gesammelte Aufsätze zur Religionssoziologie, vol. I (Tübingen: Mohr, 1972).Google Scholar

Weber, Max, Gesamtausgabe, vol. XXII/V (Tübingen: Mohr, 1999).Google Scholar

Weil, Simone, Simone Weil on Colonialism: An Ethic of the Other (Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield, 2003).Google Scholar

Wenck, Wanda von, “Erfahrungen im türkischen Schuldienst,” in Schmidt, Franz and Boelitz, Otto (eds.), Aus deutscher Bildungsarbeit im Auslande: Erlebnisse und Erfahrungen in Selbstzeugnissen aus aller Welt, vol. II: Außereuropa (Langensalza: Beltz, 1927), 94–105.Google Scholar

Mithat, Ahmet, Bütün eserleri, vol. VIII (Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu, 2000).Google Scholar

Baedeker, Karl, Konstantinopel und Kleinasien (Balkanstaaten, Archipel, Cypern) (Leipzig: Baedeker, 1914).Google Scholar

Bareilles, Bertrand, Constantinople: ses cités franques et levantines (Péra – Galata – banlieue) (Paris: Editions Bossard, 1918).Google Scholar

Barring, Evelyn, Modern Egypt (Cambridge: Hard Press, 2013).Google Scholar

Barth, Hans, Unter südlichem Himmel: Bilder aus dem Orient und Italien (Leipzig: Rengersche Buchh., 1893).Google Scholar

Bigart, Jaques, “Alliance Isréalite Universelle,” in Jewish Encyclopedia (1906) www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/1264-alliance-israelite-universelle.Google Scholar

Braudel, Fernand, The Mediterranean and the Mediterranean World in the Age of Philip II., vol. II (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1966).Google Scholar

Brunau, Max, Das Deutschtum in Mazedonien (Stuttgart: Ausland und Heimat, 1925).Google Scholar

Bülow, Hugo von, “Eine Konsular-Reise durch das General-Gouvernement Smyrna,” in Globus 1864, vol. VI, 207–210, 243–246, 273–277, 342–347.Google Scholar

Busch-Zantner, Richard, Agrarverfassung und Siedlung in Südosteuropa unter bes. Berücksichtigung der Türkenzeit (Leipzig: Harrassowitz, 1938).Google Scholar

Calligas, Paul, Voyage à Syros, Smyrne et Constantinople (Paris: L’Harmattan, 1997).Google Scholar

Çayan, Tigran, “La musique à Constantinople,” La Revue Musicale 8 (11/June 1908), 329–331.Google Scholar

Chamfort, Sébastien Roch Nicolas, Der Kaufmann von Smyrna (Mannheim: E. F. Schwan, 1770).Google Scholar

auteurs, Cinq, L’aveugle de Smyrne (Paris: Augustin Courbé, 1638).Google Scholar

Deschamps, Gaston, Sur les routes d’Asie (Paris: Armand Colin Et Cie, 1894).Google Scholar

Duhani, Said N., Quand Beyoglu s’appelait Pera: Les temps qui ne reviendront plus (Istanbul: Édition La Turquie Moderne, 1956).Google Scholar

Elias, Norbert, On the Process of Civilisation (Dublin: University College Dublin Press, 2012).Google Scholar

Fallmerayer, Jakob Ph., Fragmente aus dem Orient (Munich: Bruckmann, 1963).Google Scholar

Fallmerayer, Jakob Ph., Geschichte der Halbinsel Morea während des Mittelalters (Hildesheim: Olms, 1965).Google Scholar

Fanon, Frantz, Black Skin, White Masks (New York: Grove Press, 1967).Google Scholar

Formby, Henry, A Visit to the East Comprising Germany, the Danube, Constantinople, Asia, Egypt and Idumea (London: Mason Press, 1843).Google Scholar

Forneris, Anna, Schicksale und Erlebnisse einer Kärtnerin während ihrer Reisen in verschiedenen Ländern und fast 30-jährigen Aufenthalts im Oriente, als: in Malta, Corfu, Constantinopel, Smyrna, Tiflis, Tauris, Jerusalem, Rom … beschrieben von ihr selbst (Klagenfurt: Heyn 1985).Google Scholar

Fröbel, Julius, Ein Lebenslauf: Aufzeichnungen, Erinnerungen und Bekenntnisse, vol. II. (Stuttgart: Cotta, 1891).Google Scholar

Grothe, Hugo Auf türkischer Erde: Reisebilder und Studien (Berlin: Allgemeiner Verein für Deutsche Literatur, 1903).Google Scholar

Hartmann, Martin, Der islamische Orient: Berichte und Forschungen, vol. III (Leipzig: Rudolf Haupt, 1910).Google Scholar

Hemingway, Ernest, “On the Quai at Smyrna,” 1925, https://pantherfile.uwm.edu/wash/www/hemingway.htm.Google Scholar

Herder, Johann Gottfried, Theoretische Schriften: Ideen zur Philosophie der Geschichte der Menschheit (Berlin: Holzinger, 2013), www.zeno.org/Lesesaal/N/9781482559736.Google Scholar

Gustav, Humbert, Konstantinopel-London-Smyrna: Skizzen aus dem Leben eines kaiserlich deutschen Auslands-Beamten (Berlin: Hochschule & Ausland, 1927).Google Scholar

Khaldun, Ibn, Abd-ar-Rahman Ibn-Muhammad, The Muqadimmah: An Introduction to History, vol. II (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1967).Google Scholar

al-Jabarti,  Abd al-Rahman, Al-Jabarti’s Chronicle of the First Seven Months of the French Occupation of Egypt (Leiden: Brill, 1975).Google Scholar

Jahn, August M., “Reise von Mainz nach Egypten, Jerusalem und Konstantinopel,” in Kellner-Heinkele, Barbara and Hauenschild, Ingeborg (eds.), Türkei: Streifzüge im Osmanischen Reich nach Reiseberichten des 18. und 19. Jahrhunderts (Frankfurt/Main: Societäts-Verl., 1990), 29–63.Google Scholar

Kastriotis, Stephanos,  Constantinople, janvier 1841, lettre de Stephanos Kastriotis à M. C. Polyeucte, sur les affaires d’Orient et la politique européenne (Paris: Perrotin, 1841).Google Scholar

Kauder, E., Reisebilder aus Persien, Turkestan und der Türkei (Breslau: Schlesische Buchdruckerei, 1900).Google Scholar

Kerr, Alfred, Die Welt im Licht, vol. II (Berlin: Fischer, 1920).Google Scholar

Klötzel, Chesekiel Z., In Saloniki (Berlin: Jüdischer Verl., 1920).Google Scholar

Lévy, Sam, Salonique à la fin du XIXe siècle (Istanbul: Isis Press, 2000).Google Scholar

Lindau, Paul, An der Westküste Klein-Asiens (Berlin: Allgemeiner Verein für Deutsche Literatur, 1900).Google Scholar

Lindenberg, Paul, Auf deutschen Pfaden im Orient (Berlin: Dümmler, 1902).Google Scholar

MacFarlane, Charles, Constantinople in 1828: A Residence of Sixteen Months in the Turkish Capital and Provinces. With an Account of the Present State of the Naval and Military Power, and of the Resources of the Ottoman Empire, vol. I (London: Saunders and Otley, 1829).Google Scholar

Mann, Thomas, Betrachtungen eines Unpolitischen (Berlin: Fischer, 1920).Google Scholar

Reisebücher, Meyers, Griechenland und Kleinasien (Leipzig: Bibliographisches Institut, 1901).Google Scholar

Reisebücher, Meyers, Balkanstaaten und Konstantinopel (Leipzig: Bibliographisches Institut, 1914).Google Scholar

Moltke, Helmuth, Briefe über Zustände und Begebenheiten in der Türkei aus den Jahren 1835 bis 1839 (Berlin: Mittler, 1876).Google Scholar

Nahmer, Ernst v.d., “Deutsche Kolonisationspläne und -erfolge in der Türkei vor 1870,” Schmollers Jahrbuch für Gesetzgebung 3/4, 40, 1916.Google Scholar

Nietzsche, Friedrich, Digitale Kritische Gesamtausgabe: Werke und Briefe, eKGWB/FW-377: “Die fröhliche Wissenschaft,” § 377; and eKGWB/NF-1885,2 [196]: “Nachgelassene Fragmente Herbst 1885 – Herbst 1886,” www.nietzschesource.org.Google Scholar

Sir Pears, Edwin, Forty Years in Constantinople: The Recollections of Sir Edwin Pears, 1873–1915, with 16 Illustrations (New York: D. Appleton and Company, 1916).Google Scholar

Raschdau, Ludwig, Ein sinkendes Reich: Erlebnisse eines deutschen Diplomaten im Orient (Berlin: Mittler & Sohn, 1934).Google Scholar

Recaizade, Mahmut Ekrem, Araba Sevdası (Istanbul: İnkılap, 1985).Google Scholar

Rimbaud, Jean Arthur, “Mauvais Sang,” in Rimbaud, Arthur, Une saison en Enfer (Brussels, 1873), www.mag4.net/Rimbaud/poesies/Sang.html.Google Scholar

Sacher-Masoch, Leopold von, Venus im Pelz/Grausame Frauen (Norderstedt: Books on Demand, 2010).Google Scholar

Scherer, Hermann, Reisen in der Levante 1859–1865 (Frankfurt/Main: Winter, 1866).Google Scholar

Scherzer, Karl von, Humann, Carl, and Stöckel, J. M., Smyrna: Mit besonderer Rücksicht auf die geographischen, wirthschaftlichen und intelectuellen Verhältnisse von Vorder-Kleinasien (Vienna: A. Hölder, 1883).Google Scholar

Schulz-Labischin, Gotthold, Die Sängerreise der Berliner Liedertafel nach dem Orient (Berlin: Im Selbstverlage des Vereins, 1908).Google Scholar

Schwan, Friedrich, Erinnerungen eines Konsuls: 1871–1887 Ägypten, Konstantinopel, Salonich, Korfu, Jassy, Venedig, Amsterdam, Ägypten (Vienna: Braumüller, 1917).Google Scholar

Sciaky, Leon, Farewell to Ottoman Salonica (Istanbul: Isis Press, 2000).Google Scholar

Seetzen, U. J., “Reise-Nachrichten,” Monatliche Correspondenz zur Beförderung der Erd- und Himmels-Kunde, Dec. 1803.Google Scholar

Steinwald, Ernst, Beiträge zur Geschichte der deutschen evangelischen Gemeinde zu Smyrna 1759–1904 (Berlin: Vaterl. Verl.- u. Kunstanst., 1904).Google Scholar

Tancoigne, J. M., Voyage à Smyrne, dans l’archipel et l’ile de Candie, en 1811, 1812, 1813 et 1814; suivi d’une notice sur Péra et d’une description de la marche du Sultan, vol. I (Paris: Nepveu, 1817).Google Scholar

Tİbrahim Hilmi, üccarzâde, Avrupalılaşmak (Ankara: Gündoğan, 1997).Google Scholar

Uşaklıgil, Halid Ziya, Aşk-ı memnu (Istanbul: İnkılap, 1974).Google Scholar

Wanda, , Souvenirs Anecdotiques sur la Turquie 1820–1870 (Paris: Firmin-Didot et Cie, 1884).Google Scholar

Weber, Max, Gesammelte Aufsätze zur Religionssoziologie, vol. I (Tübingen: Mohr, 1972).Google Scholar

Weber, Max, Gesamtausgabe, vol. XXII/V (Tübingen: Mohr, 1999).Google Scholar

Weil, Simone, Simone Weil on Colonialism: An Ethic of the Other (Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield, 2003).Google Scholar

Wenck, Wanda von, “Erfahrungen im türkischen Schuldienst,” in Schmidt, Franz and Boelitz, Otto (eds.), Aus deutscher Bildungsarbeit im Auslande: Erlebnisse und Erfahrungen in Selbstzeugnissen aus aller Welt, vol. II: Außereuropa (Langensalza: Beltz, 1927), 94–105.Google Scholar

Ade, Mafalda, Picknick mit den Paschas: Aleppo und die levantinische Handelsfirma Fratelli Poche (1853–1880) (Würzburg: Ergon, 2013).Google Scholar

Akbayar, Nuri and Sakaoğlu, Necdet, Binbir Gün Binbir Gece Osmanlı’dan Günümüze İstanbul’da Eğlence Yaşamı (Istanbul: Denizbank, 1999).Google Scholar

Aksan, Virginia H., Ottomans and Europeans: Contacts and Conflicts (Istanbul: Isis Press, 2004).Google Scholar

Akyalçın Kaya, Dilek, Les Sabbatéens saloniciens (1845–1912): Des individus pluriels dans une société urbaine en transition, PhD thesis, Paris: EHESS, 2013.Google Scholar

Aleksov, Bojan, “‘History Taught Us Not to Fear Anything from the East and Everything from the West’: A Historical Perspective on Serbian Occidentalism,” in Schubert, Gabriella and Sundhaussen, Holm (eds.), Prowestliche und antiwestliche Diskurse in den Balkanländern/Südosteuropa (Munich: Sagner, 2008), 31–46.Google Scholar

Allfrey, Anthony, Edward VII and His Jewish Court (London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1991).Google Scholar

Alpargın, Melike Nihan, Istanbuls theatralische Wendezeit: Die Rezeption des westlichen Theaters im 19. und frühen 20. Jahrhundert des Osmanischen Reiches (Munich: Herbert Utz, 2013).Google Scholar

Altın, Hamza, “Ziya Gökalp’in Eğitim Tarihimiz Açısından Önemi,” History Studies 2 (2/2010), 493–509.Google Scholar

Amenda, Lars and Fuhrmann, Malte (eds.), Hafenstädte – Mobilität, Migration, Globalisierung, Comparativ 17 (2/2007).Google Scholar

Anastassiadou, Meropi, “Les Occidentaux de la place,” in Veinstein, Gilles (ed.), Salonique, 1850–1918: La ville des juifs et le réveil des Balkans (Paris: Autrement, 1993), 143–152.Google Scholar

Anastassiadou, Meropi, Salonique 1830–1912: Une ville ottomane à l’âge des réformes (Leiden: Brill, 1997).Google Scholar

Anastassiadou, Meropi, “Sports d’élites et élites sportives a Salonique a la fin du XIXe siecle,” in Dumont, Paul and Georgeon, François (eds.), Vivre dans l’Empire ottoman, sociabilités et relations intercommunautaires (XVIIIe–XXe siècles) (Paris: L’Harmattan, 1997), 145–160.Google Scholar

And, Metin, “Eski İstanbul’da Fransız Sahnesi,” Tiyatro Araştırmaları Dergisi 2 (4/1971), 77–102.Google Scholar

Andrews, Walter G., “Speaking of Power: The ‘Ottoman Kaside,’” in Sperl, Stephan and Shackle, Christopher (eds.), Qasida Poetry in Islamic Asia and Africa (Leiden: Brill, 1996), 281–300.Google Scholar

Antonwicz-Bauer, Lucyna, Polonezköyü-Adampol (Istanbul: Erler, 1992).Google Scholar

Appadurai, Arjun, Modernity at Large: Cultural Dimensions of Globalization (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1996).Google Scholar

Aracı, Emre, Naum Tiyatrosu (Istanbul: Yapı Kredi, 2010).Google Scholar

Aydın, Cemil, The Politics of Anti-Westernism in Asia: Visions of World Order in Pan-Islamic and Pan-Asian Thought (New York: Columbia University Press, 2007).Google Scholar

Aymes, Marc, “The Port-City in the Fields: Investigating an Improper Urbanity in Mid-Nineteenth-Century Cyprus,” Mediterranean Historical Review 24 (2/2009), 133–149.Google Scholar

Baer, Marc David, The Dönme: Jewish Converts, Muslim Revolutionaries, and Secular Turks (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2010).Google Scholar

Bakić-Hayden, Milica, “Nesting Orientalisms: The Case of Former Yugoslavia,” Slavic Review 54 (4/ 1995), 917–931.Google Scholar

Bakić-Hayden, Milica and Hayden, Robert, “Orientalist Variations on the Theme ‘Balkans’: Symbolic Geography in Recent Yugoslav Cultural Politics,” Slavic Review 51 (1992), 1–15.Google Scholar

Bali, Rıfat, The Jews and Prostitution in Constantinople, 1854?1922 (Istanbul: Isis Press, 2008).Google Scholar

Bali, Rıfat, Devlet?in Yahudileri ve ‘Öteki’ Yahudi (Istanbul: İletişim, 2010).Google Scholar

Banerjee, Sumanta, Dangerous Outcast: The Prostitute in Nineteenth Century Bengal (Calcutta: Seagull, 1998).Google Scholar

Barak, On, Egyptian Times: Temporality, Personhood and the Techno-Political Making of Modern Egypt, 1830–1930, PhD thesis, New York University, 2009.Google Scholar

Barak, On, “Scraping the Surface: The Techno-Politics of Modern Streets in Turn-of-Twentieth-Century Alexandria,” Mediterranean Historical Review 24 (4/ 2009), 187–205.Google Scholar

Başdaş, Begüm, Old Buildings/New Faces: Urban and Social Change in Galata, Istanbul – Turkey, MA thesis, University of California, 2001.Google Scholar

Batuman, Bülent, “Contesting Political Imaginaries on Taksim Square,” lecture at Orient-Institut Istanbul, February 27, 2013.Google Scholar

Bayly, Christopher Alan, The Birth of the Modern World, 1780–1914: Global Connections and Comparisons (Malden: Blackwell, 2004).Google Scholar

Belge, Murat, “Istanbul Past and Future,” in Ministry of Culture (ed.), Istanbul (Istanbul: Kültür ve Turizm Bakanlığı, 1993), 155–170.Google Scholar

Ben-Naeh, Yaron, “Blond, Tall, with Honey-Colored Eyes: Jewish Ownership of Slaves in the Ottoman Empire,” Jewish History 20 (3–4/2006), 315–332.Google Scholar

Benner, Thomas H., Die Strahlen der Krone: Die religiöse Dimension des Kaisertums unter Wilhelm II. vor dem Hintergrund der Orientreise 1898 (Marburg: Tectum-Verl, 2001).Google Scholar

Berchthold, Johannes, Recht und Gerechtigkeit in der Konsulargerichtsbarkeit: Britische Exterritorialität im Osmanischen Reich 1825–1914 (Munich: Oldenbourg, 2009).Google Scholar

Berkant, Cenk, İzmirli bir mimar: Raymond Péré, MA thesis, Ege University, Izmir, 2005.Google Scholar

Berov, Ljuben, “The Course of Commodity Turnover at the Thessalonica Port and the West European Economic Cycle in 19 C. up to 1912,” Études Balkaniques 4 (1985), 72–88.Google Scholar

Bertsch, Daniel, Anton Prokesch von Osten (1795–1876): Ein Diplomat Österreichs in Athen und an der Hohen Pforte (Munich: Oldenbourg, 2005).Google Scholar

Beyru, Rauf, 19. Yüzyılda İzmir’de Yaşam (Istanbul: Literatür, 2000).Google Scholar

Elif, Biçer-Deveci, “The Movement of Feminist Ideas: The Case of Kadınlar Dünyası,” in Kozma, Liat, Schayegh, Cyrus, and Wishnitzer, Avner (eds.), A Global Middle East: Mobility, Materiality, and Culture in the Modern Age, 1880–1940 (London: I. B. Tauris, 2015), 347–355.Google Scholar

Bohle, Hendrik and Dimog, Jan, Architekturführer Istanbul (Berlin: DOM, 2014).Google Scholar

Borutta, Manuel, Antikatholizismus: Deutschland und Italien im Zeitalter der europäischen Kulturkämpfe (Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2010).Google Scholar

Borutta, Manuel, Mediterrane Verflechtungen: Frankreich und Algerien zwischen Kolonisierung und Dekolonisierung (Konstanz University, work in progress).Google Scholar

Borutta, Manuel and Gekas, Sakis, “A Colonial Sea: The Mediterranean 1798–1956,” European Review of History 19 (1/2012), 1–13.Google Scholar

Bourdieu, Pierre, “The Forms of Capital,” in Richardson, J. (ed.), Theory and Research for the Sociology of Education (Westport: Greenwood, 1986), 241–258.Google Scholar

Bozdoğan, Sibel and Akcan, Esra, Turkey: Modern Architectures in History (London: Reaktion Books, 2012).Google Scholar

Burke, Edmund III, “The Deep Structures of Mediterranean Modernity,” in Kolluoğlu, Biray and Toksöz, Meltem (eds.), Cities of the Mediterranean: From the Ottomans to the Present Day (London: Tauris, 2010), 198–214.Google Scholar

Çelik, Zeynep, The Remaking of Istanbul: Portrait of an Ottoman City in the Nineteenth Century (Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1986).Google Scholar

Center for Asia Minor Studies (ed.), Smyrna Metropolis of the Asia Minor Greeks (Alimos: Ephesus, n.d.).Google Scholar

Cerasi, Maurice; Petruccioli, Attilio; Sarro, Adriana, and Weber, Stefan (eds.), Multicultural Urban Fabric and Types in the South and Eastern Mediterranean (Würzburg: Ergon, 2007).Google Scholar

Cezar, Mustafa, XIX. Yüzyıl Beyoğlusu (Istanbul: Akbank, 1991).Google Scholar

Chandravakar, Rajnarayan, Imperial Power and Popular Politics: Class, Resistance and the State in India, c. 1850–1950 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998).Google Scholar

Chiharu, Inaba and Esenbel, Selçuk, The Rising Sun and the Turkish Crescent: New Perspectives on the History of Japanese Turkish Relations (Istanbul: Boğaziçi University Pr., 2003).Google Scholar

Clancy-Smith, Julia Ann, Mediterraneans: North Africa and Europe in an Age of Migration, c. 1800–1900 (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2011).Google Scholar

Clark, Christopher, The Sleepwalkers: How Europe Went to War in 1914 (London: Penguin, 2013).Google Scholar

Clayer, Nathalie; Grandits, Hannes, and Pichler, Robert (eds.), Conflicting Loyalties: Social (Dis-)integration and National Turn in the Late and Post-Ottoman Balkan Societies (1839–1914) (London: I. B. Tauris, 2011).Google Scholar

Colonas, Vassilis, “Vitaliano Poselli: An Italian Architect in Thessaloniki,” in Petruccioli, Attilio (ed.), Environmental Design 1990: Presence of Italy in the Architecture of the Islamic Mediterranean (Rome: Carucci Editions, 1987), 162–171.Google Scholar

Conrad, Sebastian, Globalgeschichte: Eine Einführung (Munich: C. H. Beck 2013).Google Scholar

Couroucli, Maria, “Se rendre chez l’autre: La visite dans la société grecque,” in Georgeon, François and Dumont, Paul (eds.), Vivre dans l’empire Ottoman (Paris: L’Harmattan, 1997), 335–348.Google Scholar

Crapanzano, Vincent, “Life-Histories,” American Anthropologist New Series 86 (4/1984), 953–960.Google Scholar

Csáky, Moritz, Das Gedächtnis der Städte: Kulturelle Verflechtungen – Wien und die urbanen Milieus in Zentraleuropa (Vienna: Böhlau, 2010).Google Scholar

Dahmen, Wolfgang, “Pro- und antiwestliche Strömungen im rumänischen literarischen Diskurs – ein Überblick,” in Schubert, Gabriella and Sundhaussen, Holm (eds.), Prowestliche und antiwestliche Diskurse in den Balkanländern/Südosteuropa (Munich: Sagner, 2008), 11–30.Google Scholar

Daskalov, Roumen, “Pro- und antiwestliche Diskurse in Bulgarien,” in Schubert, Gabriella and Sundhaussen, Holm (eds.), Prowestliche und antiwestliche Diskurse in den Balkanländern/Südosteuropa (Munich: Sagner, 2008), 77–86.Google Scholar

Demacopoulos, George E. and Papanikolaou, Aristotle, “Orthodox Naming of the Other: A Postcolonial Approach,” in Demacopoulos, George E. and Papanikolaou, Aristotle (eds.), Orthodox Constructions of the West (Fordham Scholarship Online: January 2014), 1–22, https://fordham.universitypressscholarship.com/view/10.5422/fordham/9780823251926.001.0001/upso-9780823251926-chapter-1.Google Scholar

Deringil, Selim, The Well-Protected Domains: Ideology and the Legitimation of Power in the Ottoman Empire, 1876–1909 (London: I. B. Tauris, 1998).Google Scholar

Deringil, Selim, “The West Within and the West Without: The ‘Elite Lore’ of the Ottoman Empire,” in Birtek, Faruk and Toprak, Binnaz (eds.), The Post-Modern Abyss and the New Politics of Islam: Assabiyah Revisited. Essays in Honor of Şerif Mardin (İstanbul: Istanbul Bilgi Univ. Press, 2011), 112–115.Google Scholar

Deringil, Selim, Conversion and Apostasy in the Late Ottoman Empire (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2012).Google Scholar

Dietrich, Anne, Deutschsein in İstanbul: Nationalisierung und Orientierung in der deutschsprachigen Community von 1843–1956 (Opladen: Leske + Budrich, 1998).Google Scholar

Dimitriadis, Sotirios, The Making of an Ottoman Port-City: The State, Local Elites and Urban Space in Salonika, 1870–1912, PhD thesis, SOAS, University of London (2013).Google Scholar

Diner, Dan, Lost in the Sacred: Why the Muslim World Stood Still (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2009).Google Scholar

Dominik, Paulina, “From the Polish Times of Pera: Late Ottoman Istanbul through the Lens of Polish Emigration,” in Hofmann, Anna and Öncü, Ayşe (eds.), History Takes Place: Istanbul, Dynamics of Urban Change (Berlin: Jovis, 2015), 92–103.Google Scholar

Dumont, Paul and Georgeon, François, Un bourgeois d’Istanbul au début du XXe siècle (Leuven: Peeters, 1985).Google Scholar

Dumont, Paul, “Le français d’abord,” in Veinstein, Gilles (ed.), Salonique, 1850–1918: La ville des juifs et le réveil des Balkans (Paris: Autrement, 1992), 208–225.Google Scholar

Dumont, Paul, “Salonica and Beirut: The Reshaping of Two Ottoman Cities of the Eastern Meditteranean,” in Ginio, Eyal and Kaser, Karl (eds.), Ottoman Legacies in the Contemporary Mediterranean: The Balkans and the Middle East Compared (Jerusalem: Hebrew University Press, 2013), 189–208.Google Scholar

Dura, Talat, “Interview,” in Edhem, Eldem (ed.), Bankalar Caddesi: Osmanlı’dan günümüze Voyvoda Caddesi = Voyvoda Street from Ottoman Times to Today (Istanbul: Osmanlı Bankası Bankacılık ve Finans Tarihi Araştırma ve Belge Merkezi, 2000), 247–273.Google Scholar

Eğecioğlu, Ömer, “The Liszt-Listmann Incident,” Studia Musicologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 49 (3–4/2008), 275–293.Google Scholar

Eldem, Edhem, “Istanbul: From Imperial to Peripheralized Capital,” in Eldem, Edhem, Goffmann, Daniel, and Masters, Bruce Alan (eds.), The Ottoman City between East and West (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999), 135–206.Google Scholar

Eldem, Edhem, “An Ottoman Archaeologist Caught between Two Worlds: Osman Hamdi Bey (1842–1910),” in Shankland, David (ed.), Archaeology, Anthropology and Heritage in the Balkans and Anatolia: The Life and Times of F. W. Hasluck, 1878–1920 (Istanbul: Isis Press, 2004), 121–149.Google Scholar

Eldem, Edhem, “‘Levanten’ Kelimesi Üzerine,” in Yumul, Arus and Dikkaya, Fahri (eds.), Avrupalı mı Levanten mi? (Istanbul: Bağlam, 2006), 11–22.Google Scholar

Eldem, Edhem, “Ottoman Galata and Pera,” in Tischler, Ulrike (ed.), From “milieu de mémoire” to “lieu de mémoire”: The Cultural Memory of Istanbul in the 20th Century (Munich: Martin Meidenbauer, 2006), 19–36.Google Scholar

Eldem, Edhem, “Foreigners at the Threshold of Felicity: The Reception of Foreigners in Ottoman Istanbul,” in Calabi, Donatella and Christensen, Stephen T. (eds.), Cultural Exchange in Early Modern Europe, vol. II: Cities and Cultural Exchange in Europe, 1400–1700 (Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2007), 114–131.Google Scholar

Eldem, Edhem, “Bir Biyografi Üzerine Düşünceler: Edhem Paşa Rum muydu?” Toplumsal Tarih 202 (2010), 2–12.Google Scholar

Eldem, Edhem, “A French View of the Ottoman-Turkish Wine Market, 1890–1925,” paper presented at Conference of Vines and Wines: The Production and Consumption of Wine in Anatolian Civilizations through the Ages, Research Center for Anatolian Civilizations Istanbul, 4 Dec. 2011.Google Scholar

Eldem, Edhem, “(A Quest for) the Bourgeoisie of Istanbul: Identities, Roles, and Conflicts,” in Freitag, Ulrike and Lafi, Nora (eds.), Urban Governance under the Ottomans: Between Cosmopolitanism and Conflict (London: Routledge, 2014), 159–186.Google Scholar

Eldem, Edhem; Goffman, Daniel, and Masters, Bruce, “Conclusion: Contexts and Characteristics,” in, The Ottoman City between East and West (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999), 148–152.Google Scholar

Emrence, Cem, Remapping the Ottoman Middle East: Modernity, Imperial Bureaucracy and the Islamic State (London: I. B. Tauris, 2012).Google Scholar

Enis, Ayşe Zeren, Everyday Lives of Ottoman Muslim Women: Hanimlara Mahsûs Gazete (Newspaper for Ladies) (1895–1908) (Izmir: Libra, 2013).Google Scholar

Erenberg, Lewis A., Steppin’ Out (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1984).Google Scholar

Eren, Ercan, Geçmişten Günümüze Anadolu’da Bira (Istanbul: Tarih Vakfı, 2005).Google Scholar

Ersoy, Ahmet, “Melezliğe Övgü: Tanzimat Dönemi Osmanlı Kimlik Politikaları ve Mimarlık,” Toplumsal Tarih 189 (2009), 62–67.Google Scholar

Ersoy, Ahmet; Gorny, Maciej, and Kechriotis, Vangelis (eds.), Discourses of Collective Identity in Central and Southeast Europe (1770–1945): Texts and Commentaries, vol. I: The Creation of the Nation State (Budapest: Central European University Press, 2010).Google Scholar

Ertuğrul, Halit, Azınlık ve Yabancı Okulları (Istanbul: Nesil, 1998).Google Scholar

Esmer, Tolga U., “Economies of Violence, Banditry, and Governance in the Ottoman Empire Around 1800,” Past & Present 224 (1/2014), 163–199.Google Scholar

Eugenides, Jeffrey, Middlesex: A Novel (London: Picador, 2002).Google Scholar

Exertzoglou, Haris, “The Cultural Uses of Consumption: Negotiating Class, Gender, and Nation in the Ottoman Urban Centers during the 19th Century,” International Journal of Middle East Studies 35 (1/2003), 77–101.Google Scholar

Fahmy, Khaled, “Prostitution in Egypt in the Nineteenth Century,” in Rogan, Eugene (ed.), Outside In: On the Margins of the Modern Middle East (London: I. B. Tauris, 2002), 77–103.Google Scholar

Falierou, Anastasia, “Enlightened Mothers and Scientific Housewives: Discussing Women’s Social Roles in Eurydice (Evridiki) (1870–1873),” in Köksal, Duygu and Falierou, Anastasia (eds.), A Social History of Ottoman Women: New Perspectives (Leiden: Brill, 2013), 201–224.Google Scholar

Farah, Irmgard, Die deutsche Pressepolitik und Propagandatätigkeit im Osmanischen Reich von 1908–1918 unter besonderer Berücksichtigung des “Osmanischen Lloyd” (Halle (Saale): Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, 2016).Google Scholar

Faroqhi, Suraiya, The Ottoman Empire and the World around It (London: I. B. Tauris, 2004).Google Scholar

Felman, Shoshana and Laub, Dori, Testimony: Crises of Witnessing in Literature, Psychoanalysis, and History (New York: Routledge, 1992).Google Scholar

Fildiş, Ayse Tekdal, “The Troubles in Syria: Spawned by French Divide and Rule,” Middle East Policy 18 (4/2011), 129–139.Google Scholar

Findley, Carter Vaughn, “An Ottoman Orientalist in Europe: Ahmed Midhat Meets Madame Gulnar, 1889,” American Historical Review 103 (1/1998), 15–49.Google Scholar

Findley, Carter Vaughn, Turkey, Islam, Nationalism, and Modernity: A History, 1789–2007 (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2010).Google Scholar

Firges, Pascal, French Revolutionaries in the Ottoman Empire: Diplomacy, Political Culture, and the Limits of Universal Revolution, 1792–1798 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2017).Google Scholar

Fischer-Tiné, Harald, “‘White Women Degrading Themselves to the Lowest Depths’: European Networks of Prostitution and Colonial Anxieties in British India and Ceylon ca. 1880–1914,” Indian Economic & Social History Review 40 (2/2003), 163–190.Google Scholar

Fortna, Benjamin C., Imperial Classroom: Islam, the State, and Education in the Late Ottoman Empire (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002).Google Scholar

Foucault, Michel, The History of Sexuality, vol. I (New York: Pantheon, 1978).Google Scholar

Foucault, Michel, Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison (New York: Vintage, 1979).Google Scholar

Frangakis-Syrett, Elena, The Commerce of Smyrna in the Eighteenth Century, 1700–1820 (Athens: Centre for Asia Minor Studies, 1992).Google Scholar

Frangakis-Syrett, Elena, “The Making of an Ottoman Port: The Quay of Izmir in the Nineteenth Century,” Journal of Transport History 22 (1/2001), 23–46.Google Scholar

Freitag, Ulrike, A History of Jeddah: The Gate to Mecca in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2020).Google Scholar

Freitag, Ulrike and Oppen, Achim v. (eds.), Translocality: The Study of Globalising Phenomena from a Southern Perspective (Leiden: Brill, 2010).Google Scholar

Fuhrmann, Malte, “Visions of Germany in Turkey: Legitimizing German Imperialist Penetration of the Ottoman Empire,” paper presented at The Contours of Legitimacy in Central Europe: New Approaches in Graduate Studies, St. Antony’s College, Oxford, (May 2002), www.users.ox.ac.uk/~oaces/conference/papers/Malte_Fuhrmann.pdf.Google Scholar

Fuhrmann, Malte, Der Traum vom deutschen Orient: Zwei deutsche Kolonien im Osmanischen Reich 1851–1918 (Frankfurt/Main: Campus, 2006).Google Scholar

Fuhrmann, Malte, “Vom stadtpolitischen Umgang mit dem Erbe der Europäisierung in Istanbul, Izmir und Thessaloniki,” in Tischler, Ulrike and Zelepos, Ioannis (eds.), Bilderwelten – Weltbilder: Die Gegenwart der Vergangenheit in postosmanischen Metropolen Südosteuropas. Thessaloniki, Istanbul, Izmir (Frankfurt /Main: Peter Lang, 2009), 19–62.Google Scholar

Fuhrmann, Malte, “Vagrants, Prostitutes, and Bosnians: Making and Unmaking European Supremacy in Ottoman Southeast Europe,” in Clayer, Nathalie, Grandits, Hannes, and Pichler, Robert (eds.), Conflicting Loyalties: Social (Dis-)integration and National Turn in the Late and Post-Ottoman Balkan Societies (1839–1914) (London: I. B. Tauris, 2011), 15–45.Google Scholar

Fuhrmann, Malte, “Spies, Victims, Collaborators and Humanitarian Interventionists: The Germans on the Hellenic and Ottoman Shore of the Aegean,” in Panayi, Panikos (ed.), Germans as Minorities during the First World War: A Global Comparative Perspective (Farnham: Ashgate, 2014), 189–212.Google Scholar

Fuhrmann, Malte and Kechriotis, Vangelis, “The Late Ottoman Port Cities and Their Inhabitants: Subjectivity, Urbanity, and Conflicting Orders Editorial,” Mediterranean Historical Review 24 (2/2009), 71–78.Google Scholar

Gavrilova, Rayna, “Historische Anthropologie der Stadt,” in Kaser, Karl, Gruber, Siegfried, and Pichler, Robert (eds.), Historische Anthropologie im südöstlichen Europa: Eine Einführung (Vienna: Böhlau, 2003), 269–289.Google Scholar

Gekas, Sakis, “Class and Cosmopolitanism: The Historiographical Fortunes of Merchants in Eastern Mediterranean Ports,” Mediterranean Historical Review 24 (2/2009), 95–114.Google Scholar

Gellner, Ernest, Nations and Nationalism (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2008).Google Scholar

Georgelin, Hervé, La fin de Smyrne: Du cosmopolitisme aux nationalismes (Paris: CNRS, 2005).Google Scholar

Georgeon, François, “Présentation,” in Dumont, Paul and Georgeon, François (eds.), Vivre dans l’empire ottomane: Sociabilités et relations intercommunitaires (XVIIIe–XXe siècles) (Paris: L’Harmattan, 1997), 5–20.Google Scholar

Georgeon, François, “Le ramadan à Istanbul de l’Empire à la république,” in Dumont, Paul and Georgeon, François (eds.), Vivre dans l’empire ottomane : Sociabilités et relations intercommunitaires (XVIIIe–XXe siècles) (Paris: L’Harmattan, 1997), 31–113.Google Scholar

Georgeon, François, “Ottomans and Drinkers: The Consumption of Alcohol in İstanbul in the Nineteenth Century,” in Rogan, Eugene (ed.), Outside In: On the Margins of the Modern Middle East (London: Tauris, 2002), 7–30.Google Scholar

Georgeon, François, Abdulhamid II: Le sultan calife (Paris: Fayard, 2003).Google Scholar

Geyikdağı, Vesile Necla, Foreign Investment in the Ottoman Empire: International Trade and Relations 1854–1914 (London: Tauris Academic Studies, 2011).Google Scholar

Giannatou, Savina, “Smyrneiko Minore,” Songs of the Mediterranean (CD), sleeve notes (Boulder: Sounds True, 1998).Google Scholar

Ginio, Eyal, “Migrants and Workers in an Ottoman Port: Ottoman Salonica in the Eighteenth Century,” in Rogan, Eugene (ed.), Outside In: On the Margins of the Modern Middle East (London: I. B. Tauris, 2002), 126–148.Google Scholar

Girardelli, Paolo, “Sheltering Diversity: Levantine Architecture in Late Ottoman Istanbul,” in Cerasi, Maurice, Petruccioli, Attilio, Sarro, Adriana, and Weber, Stefan (eds.), Multicultural Urban Fabric and Types in the South and Eastern Mediterranean (Würzburg: Ergon, 2007), 113–140.Google Scholar

Girardelli, Paolo, “In & Around Lord Elgin’s Palace at Pera: European, Levantine & Ottoman Intersections in Architectural Culture (ca. 1798–1831),” paper presented at Anamed Fellows Symposium, Research Center for Anatolian Civilizations Istanbul, 22 April 2016.Google Scholar

Göçek, Fatma Müge, Rise of the Bourgeoisie, Demise of Empire: Ottoman Westernization and Social Change (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1996).Google Scholar

Goffman, Daniel, “Izmir: From Village to Colonial Port City,” in Eldem, Edhem, Goffman, Daniel, and Masters, Bruce (eds.), The Ottoman City between East and West: Aleppo, Izmir, and Istanbul (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999), 79–134.Google Scholar

Goffman, Daniel, The Ottoman Empire and Early Modern Europe (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002).Google Scholar

Gorman, Anthony, “Foreign Workers in Egypt 1882–1914: Subaltern or Labour Elite?” in Cronin, Stephanie (ed.), Subalterns and Social Protest (London: Routledge, 2008), 213–236.Google Scholar

Gotter, Ulrich, “‘Akkulturation’ als Methodenproblem der historischen Wissenschaften,” in Wolfgang, Esbach (ed.), wir/ihr/sie: Identität und Alterität in Theorie und Methode (Würzburg: Rheinberg-Buch, 2000), 373–406.Google Scholar

Grindon, Gavin, “Revolutionary Romanticism: Henri Lefebvre’s Revolution-as-Festival,” Third Text 27 (2/2013), 208–220.Google Scholar

Guillon, Helene, Le Journal de Salonique: Un périodique juif dans l’Empire ottoman (1895–1911) (Paris: Presses Université Paris-Sorbonne, 2013).Google Scholar

Gül, Murat, The Emergence of Modern Istanbul: Transformation and Modernisation of a City (New York: I. B. Tauris, 2012).Google Scholar

Gülersoy, Çelik, Tepebaşı: Bir Meydan Savaşı (Istanbul: İstanbul BB Kültür A.Ş., 1993).Google Scholar

Gürsoy, Deniz, Harcıalem İçki Bira (Istanbul: Oğlak, 2004).Google Scholar

Gürsoy, Melih, Bizim İzmirimiz (Istanbul: Metis, 2013).Google Scholar

Hamadeh, Shirine, The City’s Pleasures: Istanbul in the Eighteenth Century (Seattle: University of Washington Press, 2007).Google Scholar

Hanley, Will, “Grieving Cosmopolitanism in Middle East Studies,” History Compass 6 (5/2008), 1346–1367.Google Scholar

Hanley, Will, Identifying with Nationality: Europeans, Ottomans, and Egyptians in Alexandria (New York: Columbia University Press, 2017).Google Scholar

Hanssen, Jens, Philipp, Thomas, and Weber, Stefan, “Introduction: Towards a New Paradigm,” in id. (eds.), The Empire in the City: Arab Provincial Capitals in the Late Ottoman Empire (Würzburg: Ergon, 2002), 1–28.Google Scholar

Harvey, David, “The Right to the City,” New Left Review 53 (Sept.–Oct. 2008), https://newleftreview.org/II/53/david-harvey-the-right-to-the-city.Google Scholar

Hauser, Julia, German Religious Women in Late Ottoman Beirut (Leiden: Brill, 2015).Google Scholar

Hauser, Julia; Lindner, Christine B., and Möller, Esther, “Introduction,” in id. (eds.), Entangled Education: Foreign and Local Schools in Late Ottoman Syria and Mandate Lebanon (19th–20th Centuries) (Würzburg: Ergon, 2016), 11–30.Google Scholar

Hayden, Robert M. and Naumović, Slobodan, “Imagined Commonalities: The Invention of a Late Ottoman ‘Tradition’ of Coexistence,” American Anthropologist 115 (2/2013), 324–334.Google Scholar

Heckmann, Friedrich, “Ethnos, Demos und Nation, oder: Woher stammt die Intoleranz des Nationalstaats gegenüber ethnischen Minderheiten?” in Seewann, Gerhard (ed.), Minderheitenfragen in Südosteuropa (Munich: Oldenbourg, 1992), 60–85.Google Scholar

Hein, Carola (ed.), Port Cities: Dynamic Landscapes and Global Networks (New York: Routledge, 2011).Google Scholar

Herzog, Christoph, Geschichte und Ideologie: Mehmed Murad und Celal Nuri über die historischen Ursachen des osmanischen Niederganges (Berlin: De Gruyter, 1996).Google Scholar

Herzog, Christoph, “Migration and the State: On Ottoman Regulations concerning Migration since the Age of Mahmud II,” in Freitag, Ulrike, Fuhrmann, Malte, Lafi, Nora, and Riedler, Florian (eds.), The City in the Ottoman Empire: Migration and the Making of Urban Modernity (London: Routledge, 2011), 117–134.Google Scholar

Hilberg, Raul, Die Vernichtung der europäischen Juden, vol. II (Frankfurt/Main: Fischer, 1994).Google Scholar

Hobsbawm, Eric J., On History (London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1997).Google Scholar

Hobsbawm, Eric J., Nations and Nationalism since 1780: Programme, Myth, Reality (New York, 2004).Google Scholar

Hourani, Albert H. and Stern, Samuel M. (eds.), The Islamic City: A Colloquium (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1970).Google Scholar

Huber, Valeska, Channelling Mobilities: Migration and Globalisation in the Suez Canal Region and Beyond, 1869–1914 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2013).Google Scholar

Huber, Valeska, “Education and Mobility: Universities in Cairo between Competition and Standardisation 1900–1950,” in Kozma, Liat, Schayegh, Cyrus, and Wishnitzer, Avner (eds.), A Global Middle East: Mobility, Materiality and Culture in the Modern Age, 1880–1940 (London: I. B. Tauris, 2015), 81–108.Google Scholar

Hudspith, Sarah, Dostoevsky and the Idea of Russianness: A New Perspective on Unity and Brotherhood (London: Routledge, 2004).Google Scholar

Hughes, Edward J., “Exotic Drift: Pierre Loti between Contemporaneity and Anteriority,” in Topping, Margaret (ed.), Eastern Voyages, Western Visions: French Writing and Painting of the Orient (Berlin: Peter Lang, 2004), 241–264.Google Scholar

Huntington, Samuel P., “The Clash of Civilizations?” Foreign Affairs 72 (3/1993), 22–49.Google Scholar

Ilbert, Robert and Yannakakis, Ilios (eds.), Alexandrie 1860–1960: Un modèle éphémère de convivialité. Communautés et identité cosmopolite (Paris: Autrement, 1992).Google Scholar

İnalcık, Halil, “Istanbul: An Islamic City,” Journal of Islamic Studies 1 (1990), 1–23.Google Scholar

İnalcık, Halil, Turkey and Europe in History (Istanbul: Eren, 2006).Google Scholar

İslamoğlu-İnan, Huri, “Introduction: ‘Oriental Despotism’ in World-System Perspective,” in id. (ed.), The Ottoman Empire and The World-Economy (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1987), 1–26.Google Scholar

Jana, Katja, “Behind the Hat There Are Warships” – Nationalism, Colonialism and Masculinities in Late Ottoman and Early Turkish Republican Society and Politics, PhD thesis, Göttingen University (2016).Google Scholar

Jušek, Karin J., Auf der Suche nach der Verlorenen: die Prostitutionsdebatten im Wien der Jahrhundertwende (Vienna: Löcker, 1995).Google Scholar

Kaelble, Hartmut, “Die Debatte über Vergleich und Transfer und was jetzt?” H-Soz-u-Kult 8 Feb. 2005, http://hsozkult.geschichte.hu-berlin.de/forum/id=574&type=artikel.Google Scholar

Kandilakis, Manolis, “Xenoglosses efimerides tis Thessalonikis,” Thessaloniki 1992, 153–165.Google Scholar

Karagiannis, Evangelos, “The Pomaks of Bulgaria: A Case of Ethnic Marginality,” in Giordano, Christian, Kostova, Dobrinka, and Minka, Evelyne Lohmann II (eds.), Bulgaria: Social and Cultural Landscapes (Fribourg: Fribourg University Press, 2000), 143–158.Google Scholar

Karahan, Burcu, “Repressed in Translation: Representation of Female Sexuality in Ottoman Erotica,” Journal of Turkish Literature 9 (2012), 30–45.Google Scholar

Kasaba, Reşat; Keyder, Çağlar, and Tabak, Faruk, “Eastern Mediterranean Port Cities and Their Bourgeoisies: Merchants, Political Projects and Nation-States,” Review 10 (1/1986), 121–135.Google Scholar

Kaschuba, Wolfgang, Lebenswelt und Kultur der unterbürgerlichen Schichten im 19. und 20. Jahrhundert (Munich: Oldenbourg, 1990).Google Scholar

Kaynar, Erdal, “Les jeunes Turques et l’Occident, histoire d’une deception programmée,” in Georgeon, François (ed.), ‘L’ivresse de la liberté’: La revolution de 1908 dans l’Empire Ottoman (Paris: Peeters, 2012), 27–65.Google Scholar

Kechriotis, Vangelis, “On the Margins of National Historiography: The Greek İttihatçı Emmanouil Emmanouilidis – Opportunist or Ottoman Patriot?” in Singer, Amy, Neumann, Christoph K., and Somel, S. Akşin (eds.), Untold Histories of the Middle East: Recovering Voices from the 19th and 20th Centuries (London: Routledge, 2011), 124–142.Google Scholar

Kechriotis, Vangelis, “Civilization and Order: Middle-Class Morality among the Greek-Orthodox in Smyrna/Izmir at the End of the Ottoman Empire,” in Lyberatos, Andreas (ed.), Social Transformation and Mass Mobilization in the Balkan and Eastern Mediterranean Cities 1900–1923 (Heraklion: Panepistimio Kritis, 2013), 115–132.Google Scholar

Kechriotis, Vangelis, “Atina’da Kapadokyalı, İzmir’de Atinalı, İstanbul’da Mebus: Pavlos Karolidis’in Farklı Kişilik ve Aidiyetleri,” Toplumsal Tarih 257 (2015), 28–35.Google Scholar

Ketencioğlu, Muammer, İzmir Hatırası, sleeve notes (Istanbul: Kalan, 2007).Google Scholar

Keyder, Çağlar, State and Class in Turkey: A Study in Capitalist Development (London: Verso, 1987).Google Scholar

Kechriotis, Vangelis, “Port Cities in the Belle Epoque,” in Biray Kolluoğlu and Meltem Toksöz (eds.), Cities of the Mediterranean: From the Ottomans to the Present Day (London: Tauris, 2010), 14–22.Google Scholar

Keyder, Çağlar, Özveren, Eyüp, and Quataert, Donald, “Port-Cities in the Ottoman Empire: Some Theoretical and Historical Perspectives,” Review 16 (4/1993), 519–558.Google Scholar

Khalapyan, Hasmik, “Theater as Career for Ottoman Armenian Women,” in Köksal, Duygu and Falierou, Anastasia (eds.), A Social History of Ottoman Women: New Perspectives (Leiden: Brill, 2013), 31–46.Google Scholar

Khuri-Makdisi, Ilham, The Eastern Mediterranean and the Making of Global Radicalism, 1860–1914 (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2010).Google Scholar

Kırlı, Cengiz, “Coffeehouses: Public Opinion in the Nineteenth Century Ottoman Empire,” in Salvatore, Armando and Eickelman, Dale F. (eds.), Public Islam and the Common Good (Leiden: Brill, 2004), 75–97.Google Scholar

Kloosterhuis, Jürgen, “Friedliche Imperialisten”: Deutsche Auslandsvereine und auswärtige Kulturpolitik, 1906–1918 (Frankfurt/Main: Peter Lang, 1994).Google Scholar

Kocka, Jürgen, “Das europäische Muster und der deutsche Fall,” in id. (ed.), Bürgertum im 19. Jahrhundert (Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1995), vol. I, 9–84.Google Scholar

Koçu, Reşad Ekrem, “Bira, Birahane,” in id. (ed.), İstanbul Ansiklopedisi (Istanbul: İstanbul Yayınevi, 1961), vol. V, 2805–2806.Google Scholar

Koçu, Reşad Ekrem, “Bizans Birahanesi,” in id. (ed.), Istanbul Ansiklopedisi (Istanbul: İstanbul Yayınevi, 1961), vol. V, 2829.Google Scholar

Koçu, Reşad Ekrem, Eski İstanbul’da Meyhaneler ve Meyhane Köçekleri (Istanbul: Doğan, 2002).Google Scholar

Köksal, Duygu, “From a Critique of the Orient to a Critique of Modernity,” in Köksal, Duygu and Falierou, Anastasia (eds.), A Social History of Ottoman Women: New Perspectives (Leiden: Brill, 2013), 225–248.Google Scholar

Kolluoğlu, Biray and Toksöz, Meltem, “Mapping Out the Eastern Mediterranean: Toward a Cartography of Cities of Commerce,” in id. (eds.), Cities of the Mediterranean: From the Ottomans to the Present Day (London: Tauris, 2010), 1–22.Google Scholar

Kolm, Evelyn, Die Ambitionen Österreich-Ungarns im Zeitalter des Hochimperialismus (Frankfurt/Main:Peter Lang, 2001).Google Scholar

Kontente, Léon, Smyrne et l’Occident: De l’Antiquité au XXIe siècle (Paris: Yvelinédition, 2005).Google Scholar

Köprülü, Tuna, İstanbul’daki Yabancı Saraylar (Istanbul: İbb Kültür A.¸ S. Yayınları, 2010).Google Scholar

Köse, Yavuz, Westlicher Konsum am Bosporus: Warenhäuser, Nestlé & Co. im späten Osmanischen Reich (1855–1923) (Munich: Oldenbourg, 2010).Google Scholar

Kössler, Armin, Aktionsfeld Osmanisches Reich: Die Wirtschaftsinteressen des Deutschen Kaiserreiches in der Türkei 1871–1908 (New York: Arno Press, 1981).Google Scholar

Krawietz, Birgit, “The Sportification and Heritagisation of Traditional Turkish Oil Wrestling,” International Journal of the History of Sport 29 (15/2012), 2145–2161.Google Scholar

Kreiser, Klaus, “Zur inneren Gliederung der osmanischen Stadt,” Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft Supplement 2 (1974), 198–212.Google Scholar

Kreiser, Klaus, “Public Monuments in Turkey and Egypt, 1840–1916,” Muqarnas 14 (1997), 103–117.Google Scholar

Kresse, Kai and Simpson, Edward (eds.), Struggling with History: Islam and Cosmopolitanism in the Western Indian Ocean (London: Hurst, 2007).Google Scholar

Laqueur, Hans-Peter, “Das Osmanische Reich und seine Bewohner aus der Sicht eines Südtiroler Bäckermeisters (1851/52),” in Kurz, Marlene, Scheutz, Martin, Vocelka, Karl, and Winkelbauer, Thomas (eds.), Das Osmanische Reich und die Habsburgermonarchie: Akten des internationalen Kongresses zum 150-jährigen Bestehen des Instituts für Österreichische Geschichtsforschung, Wien, 22.–25. September 2004 (Vienna: Oldenbourg, 2005), 461–470.Google Scholar

Lemmes, Fabian, “Der anarchistische Terrorismus des 19. Jahrhunderts und sein soziales Umfeld,” in Malthaner, Stefan and Waldmann, Peter (eds.), Radikale Milieus: Das soziale Umfeld terroristischer Gruppen (Frankfurt/Main: Campus, 2012), 73–117.Google Scholar

Lemon, Herald, “Eastern Empires and Middle Kingdoms: Austria and China in Hoffmannsthal and Kafka’s Orientalist Fictions,” paper from The Contours of Legitimacy in Central Europe, Oxford, May 2002, http://users.ox.ac.uk/~oaces/conference/papers/Bob_Lemon.pdf.Google Scholar

Lewis, Bernard, The Emergence of Modern Turkey (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1961).Google Scholar

Lewis, Bernard, The Muslim Discovery of Europe (New York: W. W. Norton & Co., 2001).Google Scholar

Lewis, Bernard, What Went Wrong? The Clash between Islam and Modernity in the Middle East (London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2002).Google Scholar

Lüdtke, Alf, “Einleitung: Herrschaft als soziale Praxis,” in id. (ed.), Herrschaft als soziale Praxis: Historische und sozial-anthropologische Studien (Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1991), 9–63.Google Scholar

Macaraig, Nina, Çemberlitaş Hamamı in İstanbul: The Biographical Memoir of a Turkish Bath (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2019).Google Scholar

MacArthur-Seal, Daniel-Joseph, “Intoxication and Imperialism,” Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East 37 (2/2017), 299–313.Google Scholar

Machtan, Lothar and Ott, Réné, ‘‘‘Batzebier!’ Überlegungen zur sozialen Protestbewegung in den Jahren nach der Reichsgründung am Beispiel der süddeutschen Bierkrawalle vom Frühjahr 1873,” in Volkmann, Heinrich and Bergmann, Jürgen (eds.), Sozialer Protest: Studien zur traditionellen Resistenz und kollektiver Gewalt in Deutschland vom Vormärz bis zur Reichsgründung (Opladen: Westdt. Verl., 1984), 128–166.Google Scholar

Makal, Oğuz, “İzmir Sinemaları,” in Beygu, Şahin (ed.), Üç İzmir (Istanbul: Yapı Kredi, 1992), 387–394.Google Scholar

Makdisi, Ussama, Artillery of Heaven: American Missionaries and the Failed Conversion of the Middle East (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2008).Google Scholar

Maner, Hans-Christian, “Zum Problem der Kolonisierung Galiziens: Aus den Debatten des Ministerrates und des Reichsrates in der zweiten Hälfte des 19. Jahrhunderts,” in Feichtinger, Johannes, Prutsch, Ursula, and Csáky, Moritz (eds.), Habsburg postcolonial: Gedächtnis – Erinnerung – Identität (Innsbruck: Studienverl, 2003), 153–164.Google Scholar

Mansel, Philip, Constantinople: City of the World’s Desire 1453–1924 (London: St. Martin’s Press, 1996).Google Scholar

Mansel, Philip, Levant: Splendour and Catastrophe on the Mediterranean (London: John Murray, 2010).Google Scholar

Marchand, Susanne, German Orientalism in the Age of Empire (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009).Google Scholar

Mardin, Şerif, “Super-Westernisation in Urban Life in the Ottoman Empire in the Last Quarter of the Nineteenth Century,” in Mardin, Şerif, Religion, Society, and Modernity in Turkey (Syracuse: Syracuse University Press, 2006), 135–163.Google Scholar

Mardin, Şerif, “Conceptual Fracture,” in Koçan, Gürcan (ed.), Transnational Concepts: Transfers and the Challenge of the Peripheries (Istanbul: İstanbul Technical University Press, 2008), 4–18.Google Scholar

Masashi, Haneda (ed.), Asian Port Cities 1600–1800: Local and Foreign Cultural Interactions (Singapore: NUS Press, 2009).Google Scholar

Masters, Bruce, “Millet,” in Ágoston, Gábor and Masters, Bruce (eds.), Encyclopedia of the Ottoman Empire (New York: Facts On File, 2009), 383–384.Google Scholar

Matthee, Rudi, “The Ambiguities of Alcohol in Iranian History: Between Excess and Abstention,” in Fragner, Bert G., Kauz, Ralph, and Schwarz, Florian (eds.), Wine Culture in Iran and Beyond (Vienna: Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, 2014), 239–250.Google Scholar

Mazower, Mark, Salonica: City of Ghosts (London: Harper Perennial, 2005).Google Scholar

McPherson, Kenneth, “Port Cities as Nodal Points of Change: The Indian Ocean, 1890s–1920s,” in Fawaz, Leila and Bayly, Christopher (eds.), Modernity and Culture: From the Mediterranean to the Indian Ocean (New York: Columbia University Press, 2002), 75–95.Google Scholar

Mende,  Leyla von, “‘Europäisierungsmißstände’ um 1900: Eine Kurzgeschichte des osmanischen Schriftstellers Ahmet Hikmet Müftüoğlu,” Themenportal Europäische Geschichte (2011), www.europa.clio-online.de/essay/id/fdae-1539.Google Scholar

Mestyan, Adam, “A Garden with Mellow Fruits of Refinement”: Music Theatres and Cultural Politics in Cairo and Istanbul, 1867–1892, PhD thesis, Central European University, Budapest (2011).Google Scholar

Mardin, Şerif, Arab Patriotism: The Ideology and Culture of Power in Late Ottoman Egypt (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2017).Google Scholar

Middell, Matthias, “Transregional Studies: A New Approach to Global Processes,” in id. (ed.), The Routledge Handbook of Transregional Studies (London: Routledge, 2018), 1–16.Google Scholar

Mills, Amy, Streets of Memory: Landscape, Tolerance, and National Identity in Istanbul Athens (Athens, Georgia: University of Georgia Press, 2010).Google Scholar

Miloradović, Jelena and Vučinić-Nešković, Vesna, “Corso as a Total Social Phenomenon: The Case of Smederevska Palanka, Serbia,” in Roth, Klaus and Brunnbauer, Ulf (eds.), Urban Life and Culture in Southeastern Europe: Anthropological and Historical Perspectives (Berlin: LIT, 2006), 229–250.Google Scholar

Milton, Giles, Paradise Lost: Smyrna 1922. The Destruction of Islam’s City of Tolerance (London: John Murray, 2009).Google Scholar

Mimaroğlu, Reşad, “Bosfor Birahanesi,” in Koçu, Reşad Ekrem (ed.), İstanbul Ansiklopedisi, vol. VI (Istanbul: İstanbul Yayınevi, 1961), 2966–2969.Google Scholar

Minuti, Rolando, “Oriental Despotism,” in European History Online 3 May 2012, http://ieg-ego.eu/en/threads/models-and-stereotypes/the-wild-and-the-civilized/rolando-minuti-oriental-despotism.Google Scholar

Mishra, Pankaj, “How to Think about Islamic State,” in Guardian 24 July 2015, www.theguardian.com/books/2015/jul/24/how-to-think-about-islamic-state.Google Scholar

Mishra, Pankaj, Age of Anger: A History of the Present (New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2017).Google Scholar

Mitchell, Timothy, Colonising Egypt (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1991).Google Scholar

Molho, Rena, The Memoirs of Doctor Meir Yoel: An Autobiographical Source on Social Change in Salonika at the Turn of the 20th Century (Istanbul: Isis Press, 2011).Google Scholar

Morack, Ellinor, “Refugees, Locals and ‘the’ State: Property Compensation in the Province of Izmir Following the Greco-Turkish Population Exchange of 1923,” Journal of the Ottoman and Turkish Studies Association 2 (2015), 147–166.Google Scholar

Müller, Dietmar, Staatsbürger auf Widerruf: Juden und Muslime als Alteritätspartner im rumänischen und serbischen Nationscode Ethnonationale Staatsbürgerschaftskonzepte, 1878–1941 (Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 2005).Google Scholar

Müller-Wiener, Wolfgang, Die Häfen von Byzantion Konstantinupolis Istanbul (Tübingen: Ernst Wasmuth, 1994).Google Scholar

Müns, Heike, “Migrationsstrategien der böhmischen Musikanten im 18. und 19. Jahrhundert,” in Roth, Klaus (ed.), Vom Wandergesellen zum ‘Green Card’-Spezialisten: Interkulturelle Aspekte der Arbeitsmigration im östlichen Mitteleuropa (Münster: Waxmann, 2003), 63–80.Google Scholar

Naar, Devin E., Jewish Salonica: Between the Ottoman Empire and Greece (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2016).Google Scholar

Necipoğlu, Gülrü, Architecture, Ceremonial, and Power: The Topkapı Palace in the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Centuries (Cambridge: MIT Press, 1991).Google Scholar

Nowill, Sidney E. P., Constantinople and Istanbul: 72 Years of Life in Turkey (Leicester: Matador, 2011).Google Scholar

Oberling, Pierre, “The Quays of Izmir,” in Batu, Hâmit and Bacqué-Grammont, Jean-Louis (eds.), L’Empire Ottoman, la Republique et la France (Istanbul: Isis Press, 1986), 316–319.Google Scholar

Okday, Şefik, Der letzte Großwesir und seine preußischen Söhne (Göttingen: Muster-Schmidt, 1991).Google Scholar

Ortaylı, İlber, İmparatorluğun En Uzun Yüzyılı (Istanbul: Hil, 1983).Google Scholar

Ortaylı, İlber, Avrupa ve Biz (Istanbul: İş Bankası, 2008).Google Scholar

Osterhammel, Jürgen, Die Entzauberung Asiens: Europa und die asiatischen Reiche im 18. Jahrhundert (Munich: Beck, 1998).Google Scholar

Osterhammel, Jürgen, The Transformation of the World: A Global History of the Nineteenth Century (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2015).Google Scholar

Osterhammel, Jürgen and Conrad, Sebastian, “Einleitung,” in id. (eds.)‚ Das Kaiserreich transnational: Deutschland in der Welt 1871–1914 (Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2004), 7–27.Google Scholar

Önertoy, Olcay, “Halide Edip Adıvar’ın Romanlarında Toplumsal Eleştiri,” Ankara Üniversitesi Dil ve Tarih-Coğrafya Fakültesi Türkoloji Dergisi 18 (1/2011), 37–46.Google Scholar

Owen, Roger, The Middle East in The World Economy, 1800–1914 (London: I. B. Tauris, 1993).Google Scholar

Özcan, Azmi and Buzpınar, Ş. Tufan, “Tanzimat, Islahat ve Misyonerlik: Church Missionary Society İstanbul’da 1858–1880,” İstanbul Araştırmaları 1 (1997), 63–77.Google Scholar

Özgürel, Avni, “Almanya’dan işçi getirtmiştik,” Radikal, 22 July 2007.Google Scholar

Özlü, Nilay, “Republican Response to Levantine Architectural Heritage: The Example of Alexandre Vallaury,” paper presented at Levantines of Beyoğlu Conference, Casa d’Italia Istanbul, 24 Sept. 2016.Google Scholar

Palairet, Michael, The Balkan Economies, c. 1800–1914: Evolution without Development (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997).Google Scholar

Pannuti, Alessandro E., Les Italiens d’Istanbul au XXe siècle: Entre préservation identitaire et effacement (Istanbul: Isis Press, 2008).Google Scholar

Pelvanoğlu, Burcu, “Painting the Late Ottoman Woman,” in Köksal, Duygu and Falierou, Anastasia (eds.), A Social History of Ottoman Women: New Perspectives (Leiden: Brill, 2013), 153–171.Google Scholar

Pernau, Margrit, Bürger im Turban: Muslime in Delhi im 19. Jahrhundert (Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2008).Google Scholar

Petrov, Milen V., “Everyday Forms of Compliance: Subaltern Commentaries on Ottoman Reform, 1864–1868,” Comparative Studies in Society and History 46 (4/2004), 730–759.Google Scholar

Pichler, Robert, “Hirten, Söldner und Wanderarbeiter: Formen der mobilen Ökonomie in den Dörfern des südalbanischen Hochlandes,” in Kaser, Karl, Pichler, Robert, and Schwandner-Sievers, Stephanie (eds.), Die weite Welt und das Dorf: Albanische Emigration am Ende des 20. Jahrhunderts (Vienna: Böhlau, 2002), 133–161.Google Scholar

Pınar, İlhan, “Yüzyıl Sonunda Yüzyıl Başı Retrospektif Bir Gezi Denemesi,” İzmir Kent Kültürü Dergisi 1 (5/2000), 159–161.Google Scholar

Haydaroğlu, Polat, İlknur, Osmanlı İmparatorluğunda Yabancı Okullar (Ankara: Ocak, 1993).Google Scholar

Prange, Martine, “Cosmopolitan Roads to Culture and the Festival Road of Humanity,” Ethical Perspectives 14 (3/2007), 269–286.Google Scholar

Pratt, Mary Louise, Imperial Eyes: Travel Writing and Transculturation (London: Routledge, 1992).Google Scholar

Quataert, Donald, Social Disintegration and Popular Resistance in the Ottoman Empire, 1881–1908 (New York: New York University Press, 1983).Google Scholar

Quataert, Donald, “Labor History and the Ottoman Empire, c. 1700–1922,” International Labor and Working-Class History 60 (2/2001), 93–109.Google Scholar

Quataert, Donald, “The Industrial Working Class of Salonica, 1850–1912,” in Levy, Avigdor (ed.), Jews, Turks, Ottomans: A Shared History, Fifteenth through the Twentieth Century (Syracuse: Syracuse University Press, 2002), 194–211.Google Scholar

Radt, Barbara, Geschichte der Teutonia: Deutsches Vereinsleben in Istanbul 1847–2000 (Würzburg: Ergon, 2001).Google Scholar

Reinkowski, Maurus, “Hapless Imperialists and Resentful Nationalists: Trajectories of Radicalization in the Late Ottoman Empire,” in Reinkowski, Maurus and Thum, Gregor (eds.), Helpless Imperialists: Imperial Failure, Fear and Radicalization (Göttingen, 2013), 47–57.Google Scholar

Reinwald, Brigitte, “Space on the Move: Perspectives on the Making of an Indian Ocean Seascape,” in Deutsch, J. G. and Reinwald, Brigitte (eds.), Space on the Move: Transformations of the Indian Ocean Seascape in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Century (Berlin: Klaus Schwarz, 2002), 9–20.Google Scholar

Rekanati, David A. (ed.), Memory of Saloniki: The Greatness and Destruction of Jerusalem of the Balkans, vol. I (1972), chapter 14, www.jewishgen.org/yizkor/Thessalonika/thev1_014.html.Google Scholar

Richmond, Steven, The Voice of England in the East: Stratford Canning and Diplomacy with the Ottoman Empire (London: I. B. Tauris, 2017).Google Scholar

Riedler, Florian, “Hagop Mintzuri and the Cosmopolitan Memory of Istanbul,” EU Working Paper Mediterranean Programme Series 13/2009; http://cadmus.eui.eu/bitstream/handle/1814/10913/EUI_RSCAS_2009_13.pdf?sequence=1.Google Scholar

Riedler, Florian, “Armenian Labour Migration to Istanbul and the Migration Crisis of the 1890s,” in Freitag, Ulrike, Fuhrmann, Malte, Lafi, Nora, and Riedler, Florian (eds.), The City in the Ottoman Empire (London: Routledge, 2011), 160–176.Google Scholar

Ringdal, Nils, Love for Sale: A Global History of Prostitution (New York: Grove, 2004).Google Scholar

Roche, Max, Education, assistance et culture françaises dans l’Empire Ottoman (Istanbul: Isis Press, 1989).Google Scholar

Rogan, Eugene (ed.), Outside In: On the Margins of the Modern Middle East (London: I. B. Tauris, 2002).Google Scholar

Rosenthal, Steven, “Foreigners and Municipal Reform in Istanbul, 1855–1865,” International Journal of Middle East Studies 11 (2/1980), 227–245.Google Scholar

Rothman, E. Natalie, Brokering Empire: Trans-Imperial Subjects between Venice and Istanbul (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2013).Google Scholar

Rothermund, Dieter and Weigelin-Schwiedrzik, Susanne (eds.), Der indische Ozean: Das afroasiatische Mittelmeer als Kultur- und Wirtschaftsraum (Vienna: Promedia, 2004).Google Scholar

Sagaster, Birte, “Zum Bild der Europäerin: Stereotypen in der frühen osmanisch-türkischen Literatur,” Berliner Lesezeichen 1 (2/1996), 64–68.Google Scholar

Sajdi, Dana, “Decline, its Discontents and Ottoman Cultural History: By Way of Introduction,” in Sajdi, Dana (ed.), Ottoman Tulips, Ottoman Coffee: Leisure and Lifestyle in the Eighteenth Century (London: I. B. Tauris, 2007), 1–39.Google Scholar

Salama, Mohammad R., Orientalism and Intellectual History: Modernity and the Politics of Exclusion since Ibn Khaldun (London: I. B. Tauris, 2011).Google Scholar

Salzmann, Ariel, Tocqueville in the Ottoman Empire: Rival Paths to the Modern State (Leiden: Brill, 2004).Google Scholar

Mert, Sandalcı, “Interview” by Ayşegül Oğuz, Radikal Hayat, 21 March 2009, www.radikal.com.tr/Default.aspx?aType=HaberYazdir&ArticleID=927015.Google Scholar

Sariyannis, Marinos, “Time, Work, and Pleasure: A Preliminary Approach to Leisure in Ottoman Mentality,” in New Trends in Ottoman Studies: Papers Presented at the 20th CIÉPO Symposium, Rethymno, 27 June–1 July 2012, 797–811.Google Scholar

Šatev, Pavel P., V Makedonija pod robstvo: Solunskoto sâzakljatie (1903 g.); podgotovka i izpâlnenie (Sofia: Bâlgarski Pisatel, 1968).Google Scholar

Schäbler, Birgit, “Civilizing Others: Global Modernity and the Local Boundaries (French, German, Ottoman, Arab) of Savagery,” in Schäbler, Birgit and Stenberg, Leif (eds.), Globalization and the Muslim World: Culture, Religion and Modernity (New York: Syracuse University Press, 2004), 3–29.Google Scholar

Schick, İrvin Cemil, “Print Capitalism and Women’s Sexual Agency in the Late Ottoman Empire,” Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East 31 (1/2011), 196–216.Google Scholar

Schmitt, Oliver Jens, Levantiner: Lebenswelten und Identitäten einer ethnokonfessionellen Gruppe im osmanischen Reich im “langen 19. Jahrhundert” (Munich: Oldenbourg, 2005).Google Scholar

Schubert, Dirk, “Seaport Cities: Phases of Spatial Restructuring and Types and Dimensions of Redevelopment,” in Hein, Carola (ed.), Port Cities: Dynamic Landscapes and Global Networks (London: Routledge, 2011), 54–69.Google Scholar

Sefer, Akın, “Class Formation on the Modern Waterfront: Port Workers and Their Struggles in Late Ottoman Istanbul,” in Kabadayı, M. Erdem and Papastefanaki, Leda (eds.), Working in Greece and Turkey: A Comparative Labour History from Empires to Nation States, 1840–1940 (New York: Berghahn, 2020).Google Scholar

Sellaouti, Rachida Tlili, “The Repubic and the Muslim World: For a Regenerated Mediterranean,” in Forrest, Alan and Middell, Matthias (eds.), The Routledge Companion to the French Revolution in World History (London: Routledge, 2016), 97–117.Google Scholar

Şeni, Nora, “Les Levantins d’Istanbul à travers les récits des voyageurs du XIX siècle,” in Eldem, Edhem (ed.), Première Rencontre Internationale sur L’Empire Ottoman et la Turquie Moderne (Istanbul: Isis Press, 1991), 161–169.Google Scholar

Serçe, Erkan; Yılmaz, Fikret, and Yetkin, Sabri, Küllerinden Doğan Şehir/The City Which Rose from the Ashes (Izmir: İzmir Büyükşehir Belediyesi, 2003).Google Scholar

Sevengil, Refik Ahmet, Türk tiyatrosu tarihi, vol. III (Ankara: Milli Eğitim, 1961).Google Scholar

Sevinçli, Efdal, İzmir’de Tiyatro (Istanbul: Ege, 1994).Google Scholar

Shaw, Stanford J. and Shaw, Ezel Kural, History of the Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey, vol. II (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995).Google Scholar

Sinanlar Uslu, Seza, “Apparition et développement de la presse francophone d’Istanbul dans la seconde moitié du XIXe siècle,” Synergie 3 (2010), 147–156.Google Scholar

Smyrnelis, Marie-Carmen, Une société hors de soi: Identités et relations sociales à Smyrne aux XVIIIe et XIXe siècles (Paris: Peeters, 2005).Google Scholar

Smith, Andrea L., Colonial Memory and Postcolonial Europe: Maltese Settlers in Algeria and France (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2006).Google Scholar

Somel, Selçuk Akşin, The Modernization of Public Education in the Ottoman Empire 1839–1908: Islamization, Autocracy and Discipline (Leiden: Brill, 2001).Google Scholar

Soysal, Funda, Ottoman Empire in the Age of Global Financial Capitalism: The Causes and Consequences of the 1895 Stock Market Crash in Istanbul, PhD, Boğaziçi University Istanbul (in progress).Google Scholar

Soysal, Funda, “The Ottoman Period of Robert College,” in Akaş, Cem (ed.), Bir Geleneğin Anatomisi: Robert Kolej’in 150 Yılı (Istanbul: Suna & İnan Kıraç Araştırmaları Enstitüsü, 2013), 69–70.Google Scholar

Stauter-Halsted, Keely, “‘A Generation of Monsters’: Jews, Prostitution, and Racial Purity in the 1892 L’viv White Slavery Trial,” Austrian History Yearbook 38 (2007), 25–35.Google Scholar

Staitscheva, Emilia, “Zum Europa-Diskurs in Bulgarien, exemplifiziert an literarischen Texten,” in Schubert, Gabriella and Sundhaussen, Holm (eds.), Prowestliche und antiwestliche Diskurse in den Balkanländern/Südosteuropa (Munich: Sagner, 2008), 219–230.Google Scholar

Starr, Deborah, Remembering Cosmopolitan Egypt: Literature, Culture, and Empire (London: Routledge, 2010).Google Scholar

Stauth, Georg, “Anatomies of the Mediterranean in Modern Theory,” in Birtek, Faruk and Toprak, Binnaz (eds.), The Post-Modern Abyss and the New Politics of Islam: Assabiyah Revisited. Essays in Honor of Şerif Mardin (Istanbul: Istanbul Bilgi University Press, 2011), 55–80.Google Scholar

Stoklásková, Zdenka, “Wandernde Handwerksgesellen als privilegierte Gruppe: Ein Beitrag zur Geschichte des Handwerks in den böhmischen Ländern,” in Roth, Klaus (ed.), Vom Wandergesellen zum ‘Green Card’-Spezialisten: Interkulturelle Aspekte der Arbeitsmigration im östlichen Mitteleuropa (Münster: Waxmann, 2003), 29–44.Google Scholar

Tabak, Faruk, “Imperial Rivalry and Port-Cities: A View from Above,” Mediterranean Historical Review 24 (2/2009), 79–94.Google Scholar

Talbot, Michael, “Hanımefendis Just Wanna Have Fun: An Alcoholic Postcard from Late Ottoman Istanbul,” Ottoman History Podcast (2014), www.docblog.ottomanhistorypodcast.com/2014/12/hanmefendis-just-wanna-have-fun.html.Google Scholar

Teich, Mikulás, Bier, Wissenschaft und Wirtschaft in Deutschland 1800–1914: Ein Beitrag zur deutschen Industrialisierungsgeschichte (Vienna: Böhlau, 2000).Google Scholar

Tekeli, İlhan, “Nineteenth Century Transformation of Istanbul Metropolitan Area,” in Dumont, Paul and Georgeon, François (eds.), Villes ottomanes à la fin de l’Empire (Paris: L’Harmattan, 1992), 33–45.Google Scholar

Tekeli, İlhan, Anadolu’da Yerleşme Sistemi ve Yerleşme Tarihi Yazıları (Istanbul: Tarih Vakfı, 2011).Google Scholar

Theweleit, Klaus, Objektwahl (All You Need is Love…): Über Paarbildungsstrategien & Bruchstück einer Freudbiographie (Frankfurt/Main: Stroemfeld/Roter Stern, 1990).Google Scholar

Thurston, Gary, The Popular Theatre Movement in Russia, 1862–1919 (Evanston: Northwestern University Press, 1998).Google Scholar

Tuğlacı, Pars, Osmanlı Mimarlığında Batılaşma Dönemi ve Balyan Ailesi (Istanbul: İnkılap Aka, 1981).Google Scholar

Türe, Fatma, “The New Woman in Erotic Popular Literature,” in Köksal, Duygu and Falierou, Anastasia (eds.), A Social History of Ottoman Women: New Perspectives (Leiden: Brill, 2013), 173–200.Google Scholar

Türesay, Özgür, “An Almanac for Ottoman Women: Notes on Ebüzziya Tevfik’s Takvîmü’n-nisâ (1317/1899),” in Köksal, Duygu and Falierou, Anastasia (eds.), A Social History of Late Ottoman Women: New Perspectives (Leiden: Brill, 2013), 225–248.Google Scholar

Ur, Aviva Ben, “‘We Speak and Write This Language against Our Will’: Jews, Hispanics, and the Dilemma of Ladino-Speaking Sephardim in Early Twentieth-Century New York,” American Jewish Archives Journal 50 (1–2/1998), 131–142.Google Scholar

Vakali, Anna, “A Christian Printer in Selanik under Trial in the City’s Tanzimat Council in the Early 1850s: Kiriakos Darzilovitis and his Seditious Books,” Cihannüma 1 (2/Dec. 2015), 23–38.Google Scholar

Vakali, Anna, “Nationalism, Justice and Taxation in an Ottoman Urban Context during the Tanzimat: The Gazino-Club in Manastır,” Turkish Historical Review 7 (2/2016), 194–223.Google Scholar

Vakkasoğlu, Vehbi, Tarih Aynasında Ziya Gökalp (Istanbul: Nesil, 2012).Google Scholar

Veinstein, Gilles, “Un paradoxe séculaire,” in id. (ed.), Salonique 1850–1918 (Paris: Autrement, 1992), 42–63.Google Scholar

Vourou, Anna, “Interview Thessaloniki 1985,” in Rillig, Christine (ed.), 1895–1985 – 90 Jahre Evangelische Kirche dt. Sprache in Thessaloniki (Thessaloniki: self-published, 1985).Google Scholar

Wagner, Veruschka, Imagologie der Fremde: Das Londonbild eines osmanischen Reisenden Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts (Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2016).Google Scholar

Weis, Eberhard, Der Durchbruch des Bürgertums 1776–1847 (Frankfurt/Main: Ullstein, 1982).Google Scholar

Willson, Laura, “Operatic Battlefields, Theater of War,” in Williams, Gavin (ed.), Hearing the Crimean War: Wartime Sound and the Unmaking of Sense (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2019), 175–195.Google Scholar

Wingfield, Nancy M., The World of Prostitution in Late Imperial Austria (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2017).Google Scholar

Wishnitzer, Avner, “Eyes in the Dark: Nightlife and Visual Regimes in Late Ottoman Istanbul,” Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East 37 (2/2017), 245–261.Google Scholar

Wishnitzer, Avner, “Shedding New Light: Outdoor Illumination in Late Ottoman Istanbul,” in Meier, Josiane, Hasenöhrl, Ute, Krause, Katharina, and Pottharst, Merle (eds.), Urban Lighting, Light Pollution and Society (London: Routledge, 2018), 66–88.Google Scholar

Wolff, Larry, The Singing Turk (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2016).Google Scholar

Yeğenoğlu, Meyda, Colonial Fantasies: Towards a Feminist Reading of Orientalism (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998).Google Scholar

Yeğin, Uğur, (ed.), Evvel zaman içinde … İzmir (Izmir: İzmir Ticaret Odası, 2009).Google Scholar

Yerasimos, Stéphane, “A propos des réformes urbaines des Tanzimat,” in Dumont, Paul and Georgeon, François (eds.), Villes ottomanes à la fin de l’Empire (Paris: Harmattan, 1992), 17–33.Google Scholar

Yerolympos, Alexandra, Urban Transformations in the Balkans (1820–1920): Aspects of Balkan Town Planning and the Remaking of Thessaloniki (Thessaloniki: University Studio Press, 1996).Google Scholar

Yerolympos, Alexandra, “Conscience citadine et intérêt municipal à Salonique à la fin du XIXe siècle,” in Dumont, Paul and Georgeon, François (eds.), Vivre dans l’empire ottomane: Sociabilités et relations intercommunitaires (XVIIIe-XXe siècles) (Paris: Harmattan, 1997), 123–144.Google Scholar

Yıldız, Murat C., “What Is a Beautiful Body?” Middle East Journal of Culture and Communication 8 (2015), 192–214.Google Scholar

Yılmaz, Seçil, “Threats to Public Order and Health: Mobile Men as Syphilis Vectors in Late Ottoman Medical Discourse and Practice,” Journal of Middle East Women’s Studies 13 (2/2017), 222–243.Google Scholar

Zachs, Fruma, “‘Under Eastern Eyes’: East on West in the Arabic Press of the Nahda Period,” Studia Islamica New Series 106 (1/2011), 175–180.Google Scholar

Zachs, Fruma, “Cultural and Conceptual Contributions of Beiruti Merchants to the Nahda,” Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient 55 (1/2012), 153–182.Google Scholar

Zandi-Sayek, Sibel, “Struggles over the Shore: Building the Quay of Izmir, 1867–1875,” City and Society 12 (1/2000), 55–78.Google Scholar

Zandi-Sayek, Sibel, Ottoman Izmir: The Rise of A Cosmopolitan Port, 1840–1880 (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2012).Google Scholar

Zarinebaf, Fariba, Mediterranean Encounters: Trade and Pluralism in Early Modern Galata (Oakland: University of California Press, 2018).Google Scholar

Zat, Vefa, “Bomonti Bira Fabrikası,” in Tekeli, İlhan (ed.), Dünden bugüne İstanbul Ansiklopedisi (Istanbul: Tarih Vakfı, 1995), vol. III, 296, 297.Google Scholar

Zelepos, Ioannis, Rebetiko: Die Karriere einer Subkultur (Cologne: Romiosini, 2001).Google Scholar

Zelepos, Ioannis, Die Ethnisierung griechischer Identität 1870–1912: Staat und private Akteure vor dem Hintergrund der “Megali Idea” (Munich: Oldenbourg, 2002).Google Scholar

Zelepos, Ioannis, “Städte als Projektionsflächen im griechischen Popularlied des 20. Jahrhunderts: Istanbul, Izmir, Thessaloniki,” in Tischler, Ulrike and Zelepos, Ioannis (eds.), Bilderwelten – Weltbilder: Die Gegenwart der Vergangenheit in postosmanischen Metropolen Südosteuropas. Thessaloniki, Istanbul, Izmir (Frankfurt/Main: Peter Lang 2009), 63–100.Google Scholar

Zerman, Ece, Studying an Ottoman “Bourgeois” Family: Said Bey’s Family Archive (1900–1930), MA thesis, Boğaziçi University, Istanbul (2013).Google Scholar

Zürcher, Erik J., Turkey a Modern History (London: Tauris, 2017).Google Scholar

Ade, Mafalda, Picknick mit den Paschas: Aleppo und die levantinische Handelsfirma Fratelli Poche (1853–1880) (Würzburg: Ergon, 2013).Google Scholar

Akbayar, Nuri and Sakaoğlu, Necdet, Binbir Gün Binbir Gece Osmanlı’dan Günümüze İstanbul’da Eğlence Yaşamı (Istanbul: Denizbank, 1999).Google Scholar

Aksan, Virginia H., Ottomans and Europeans: Contacts and Conflicts (Istanbul: Isis Press, 2004).Google Scholar

Akyalçın Kaya, Dilek, Les Sabbatéens saloniciens (1845–1912): Des individus pluriels dans une société urbaine en transition, PhD thesis, Paris: EHESS, 2013.Google Scholar

Aleksov, Bojan, “‘History Taught Us Not to Fear Anything from the East and Everything from the West’: A Historical Perspective on Serbian Occidentalism,” in Schubert, Gabriella and Sundhaussen, Holm (eds.), Prowestliche und antiwestliche Diskurse in den Balkanländern/Südosteuropa (Munich: Sagner, 2008), 31–46.Google Scholar

Allfrey, Anthony, Edward VII and His Jewish Court (London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1991).Google Scholar