Barber, M, Nguyen, LS, Wassermann, J, Spano, J-P, Funck-Brentano, C, Salem, J-E. Cardiac arrhythmia considerations of hormone cancer therapies. Cardiovascular Research. 2019 Jan 30;115(5):878–894.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Gevaert, SA, Halvorsen, S, Sinnaeve, PR, Sambola, A, Gulati, G, Lancellotti, P, Van Der Meer, P, Lyon, AR, Farmakis, D, Lee, G, Boriani, G, Wechalekar, A, Okines, A, Asteggiano, R. Evaluation and management of cancer patients presenting with acute cardiovascular disease: A consensus document of the Acute CardioVascular Care (ACVC) Association and the ESC Council of Cardio-Oncology. Part 1: Acute coronary syndromes and acute pericardial diseases. European Heart Journal Acute Cardiovascular Care. 2021 Aug 28;10(8):947–959.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Herrmann, J. Adverse cardiac effects of cancer therapies: Cardiotoxicity and arrhythmia. Nature Reviews Cardiology. 2020 Mar 30;17(8):474–502.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Asteggiano, R, Norbiato, C, Marengo, S, Parrini, I. Cancer and arrhythmias. e-Journal of Cardiology Practice. 2021 May;19(21).Google Scholar

Buza, V, Rajagopalan, B, Curtis, AB. Cancer treatment–induced arrhythmias. Circulation: Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology. 2017 Aug;10(8):52.Google ScholarPubMed

Herrmann, J. Adverse cardiac effects of cancer therapies: Cardiotoxicity and arrhythmia. Nature Reviews Cardiology. 2020 Mar 30;17(8):474–502.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Porta‐Sánchez, A, Gilbert, C, Spears, D, Amir, E, Chan, J, Nanthakumar, K, Thavendiranathan, P. Incidence, diagnosis, and management of QT prolongation induced by cancer therapies: A systematic review. Journal of the American Heart Association. 2017 Dec 2;6(12): e007724.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Viganego, F, Singh, R, Fradley, MG. Arrhythmias and other electrophysiology issues in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy or radiation. Current Cardiology Reports. 2016 Apr 23;18(6): 52.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Zhu, T, Enriquez, A, Baranchuk, A. Cancer and cancer therapy and their association with ventricular arrhythmia. Canadian Journal of Cardiology. 2017 Feb;33(2):293.e11.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Al-Hawwas, M, Tsitlakidou, D, Gupta, N, Iliescu, C, Cilingiroglu, M, Marmagkiolis, K. Acute coronary syndrome management in cancer patients. Current Oncology Reports. 2018 Aug 22;20(10).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Bharadwaj, A, Potts, J, Mohamed, MO, Parwani, P, Swamy, P, Lopez-Mattei, JC, Rashid, M, Kwok, CS, Fischman, DL, Vassiliou, VS, Freeman, P, Michos, ED, Mamas, MA. Acute myocardial infarction treatments and outcomes in 6.5 million patients with a current or historical diagnosis of cancer in the USA. European Heart Journal. 2019 Dec 4;41(23):2183–2193.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Bisceglia, I, Canale, ML, Lestuzzi, C, Parrini, I, Russo, G, Colivicchi, F, Gabrielli, D, Gulizia, MM, Iliescu, CA. Acute coronary syndromes in cancer patients. Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine. 2020 Jun 8;21(12):944–952.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Gevaert, SA, Halvorsen, S, Sinnaeve, PR, Sambola, A, Gulati, G, Lancellotti, P, Van Der Meer, P, Lyon, AR, Farmakis, D, Lee, G, Boriani, G, Wechalekar, A, Okines, A, Asteggiano, R. Evaluation and management of cancer patients presenting with acute cardiovascular disease: A consensus document of the Acute CardioVascular Care (ACVC) Association and the ESC Council of Cardio-Oncology. Part 1: Acute coronary syndromes and acute pericardial diseases. European Heart Journal Acute Cardiovascular Care. 2021 Aug 28;10(8):947–959.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Han, X, Li, J, Khannanova, Z, Li, Y. Optimal management of coronary artery disease in cancer patients. Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine. 2019 Dec;5(4):221–233.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Herrmann, J. Adverse cardiac effects of cancer therapies: Cardiotoxicity and arrhythmia. Nature Reviews Cardiology. 2020 Mar 30;17(8):474–502.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Masson, R, Manthripragada, G, Liu, R, Tavakoli, J, Mok, K. Possible precipitation of acute coronary syndrome with immune checkpoint blockade: A case report. The Permanente Journal. 2020 Dec;24(5). Doi: 10.7812/TPP/20.037.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Yetis Sayin, B, Oto, MA. Acute coronary syndrome in cancer patients. American Journal of Cardiovascular Drugs. 2018 Jun 22;18(5):361–372.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Yusuf, SW, Daraban, N, Abbasi, N, Lei, X, Durand, J-B, Daher, IN. Treatment and outcomes of acute coronary syndrome in the cancer population. Clinical Cardiology. 2012 May 15;35(7):443–450.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

AABB. AABB Quick Reference Guide for NHSN Hemovigilance Module: Adverse Reaction Definitions. Available at: www.aabb.org/docs/default-source/default-document-library/resources/aabb-quick-reference-guide-nhsn-hemovigilance-module.pdf?sfvrsn=30f1600b_4Google Scholar

Delaney, M, Wendel, S, Bercovitz, RS, Cid, J, Cohn, C, Dunbar, NM, Apelseth, TO, Popovsky, M, Stanworth, SJ, Tinmouth, A, Van De, Watering L, Waters, JH, Yazer, M, Ziman, A; Biomedical Excellence for Safer Transfusion (BEST) Collaborative. Transfusion reactions: Prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. The Lancet. 2016;388(10061):2825‒2836. Doi: 10.1016/S0140–6736(15)01313-6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Federici, AB, Vanelli C, Arrigoni L. Transfusion issues in cancer patients. Thrombosis Research. 2012;129(suppl. 1):S60–S65. Doi: 10.1016/S0049–3848(12)70018-X.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Kenz, HE, Van der Linden, P. Transfusion-related acute lung injury. European Journal of Anaesthesiology. 2014 Jul;31(7):345–350.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Panch, SR, Montemayor-Garcia, C, Klein, HG. Hemolytic transfusion reactions. The New England Journal of Medicine. 2019;381(2):150‒162. Doi: 10.1056/NEJMra1802338.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Semple, JW, Rebetz, J, Kapur, R. Transfusion-associated circulatory overload and transfusion-related acute lung injury. Blood. 2019;133(17):1840‒1853. Doi: 10.1182/blood-2018-10-860809.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Wechsler, A. Transfusions in Oncologic Emergencies [PowerPoint slides] August 25, 2022. Emergency Department, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center.Google Scholar

Alterio, D, Turturici, I, Volpe, S, Ferrari, A, Russell-Edu, SW, Vischioni, B, Mardighian, D, Preda, L, Gandini, S, Marvaso, G, Augugliaro, M, Durante, S, Arculeo, S, Patti, F, Boccuzzi, D, Casbarra, A, Starzynska, A, Santoni, R, Jereczek-Fossa, BA. Carotid blowout syndrome after reirradiation for head and neck malignancies: A comprehensive systematic review for a pragmatic multidisciplinary approach. Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology. 2020 Nov;155:103088. Doi: 10.1016/critrevonc.2020.103088.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Lipe, DN, Viets-Upchurch, J, Hanna, EY, Reyes-Gibby, C, Chen, SR, Elsayem, A, Long, B. Carotid blowout syndrome in the Emergency Department: A case report and review of the literature. The Journal of Emergency Medicine. 2022;62(3):e29‒e34. Doi: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2021.11.009.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Levi, M. Disseminated intravascular coagulation in cancer: An update. Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis. 2019 Apr 30;45(04):342–347.Google ScholarPubMed

Thachil, J, Falanga, A, Levi, M, Liebman, H, Di Nisio, M. Management of cancer-associated disseminated intravascular coagulation: Guidance from the SSC of the ISTH: Reply. Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis. 2015 Apr 30;13(7):1352–1353.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Bando, S, Soeki, T, Matsuura, T, Tobiume, T, Ise, T, Kusunose, K, Yamaguchi, K, Yagi, S, Fukuda, D, Iwase, T, Yamada, H, Wakatsuki, T, Shimabukuro, M, Muguruma, N, Takayama, T, Kishimoto, I, Kangawa, K, Sata, M. Plasma brain natriuretic peptide levels are elevated in patients with cancer. PLOS ONE. 2017 Jun 1;12(6):e0178607.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Chang, H-M, Moudgil, R, Scarabelli, T, Okwuosa, TM, Yeh, ETH. Cardiovascular complications of cancer therapy. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2017 Nov;70(20):2536–2551.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Cuomo, A, Rodolico, A, Galdieri, A, Russo, M, Campi, G, Franco, R, Bruno, D, Aran, L, Carannante, A, Attanasio, U, Tocchetti, CG, Varricchi, G, Mercurio, V. Heart failure and cancer: Mechanisms of old and new cardiotoxic drugs in cancer patients. Cardiac Failure Review. 2019 May 24;5(2):112–118.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Finke, D, Heckmann, MB, Frey, N, Lehmann, LH. Cancer: A major cardiac comorbidity with implications on cardiovascular metabolism. Frontiers in Physiology. 2021 Nov 26;12. Doi: 10.3389/fphys.2021.729713.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Fraley, C, Milgrom, SA, Kondapalli, L, Taylor, MRG, Mestroni, L, Miyamoto, SD. Mechanisms and insights for the development of heart failure associated with cancer therapy. Children. 2021 Sep 21;8(9):829.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Kamai, T, Tokura, Y, Uematsu, T, Sakamoto, K, Suzuki, I, Takei, K, Narimatsu, T, Kambara, T, Yuki, H, Betsunoh, H, Abe, H, Fukabori, Y, Yashi, M, Yoshida, K-I. Elevated serum levels of cardiovascular biomarkers are associated with progression of renal cancer. Open Heart. 2018 Jan;5(1):e000666.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Nakao, S, Vaillancourt, C, Taljaard, M, Nemnom, M-J, Woo, MY, Stiell, IG. Diagnostic accuracy of lung point-of-care ultrasonography for acute heart failure compared with chest X-ray study among dyspneic older patients in the Emergency Department. The Journal of Emergency Medicine. 2021 Aug;61(2):161–168.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Pai, VB, Nahata, MC. Cardiotoxicity of chemotherapeutic agents. Drug Safety. 2000;22(4):263–302.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Peacock, WF, Cannon, CM, Singer, AJ, Hiestand, BC. Considerations for initial therapy in the treatment of acute heart failure. Critical Care. 2015 Dec;19(1). Doi: 10.1186/s13054-015-1114-3.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Pudil, R, Mueller, C, Čelutkienė, J, Henriksen, PA, Lenihan, D, Dent, S, Barac, A, Stanway, S, Moslehi, J, Suter, TM, Ky, B, Štěrba, M, Cardinale, D, Cohen-Solal, A, Tocchetti, CG, Farmakis, D, Bergler-Klein, J, Anker, MS, Von Haehling, S, Belenkov, Y, Iakobishvili, Z, Maack, C, Ciardiello, F, Ruschitzka, F, Coats, AJS, Seferovic, P, Lainscak, M, Piepoli, MF, Chioncel, O, Bax, J, Hulot, J-S, Skouri, H, Hägler-Laube, ES, Asteggiano, R, Lopez, Fernandez T, de Boer, RA, Lyon, AR. Role of serum biomarkers in cancer patients receiving cardiotoxic cancer therapies: A position statement from the Cardio-Oncology Study Group of the Heart Failure Association and the Cardio-Oncology Council of the European Society of Cardiology. European Journal of Heart Failure. 2020 Nov;22(11):1966–1983. Doi: 10.1002/ejhf.2017. Epub 2020 Oct 20. PMID: 33006257.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Silvers, SM, Howell, JM, Kosowsky, JM, Rokos, IC, Jagoda, AS. Clinical policy: Critical issues in the evaluation and management of adult patients presenting to the emergency department with acute heart failure syndromes. Annals of Emergency Medicine. 2007 May;49(5):627–669.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Higdon, ML, Atkinson, CJ, Lawrence, KV. Oncologic emergencies: Recognition and initial management. American Family Physician. 2018;97(11):741‒748.Google ScholarPubMed

Lewis, MA, Hendrickson, AW, Moynihan, TJ. Oncologic emergencies: Pathophysiology, presentation, diagnosis, and treatment. CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians. 2011;61(5):287‒314. Doi: 10.3322/caac.20124.Google ScholarPubMed

Perez Rogers, A, Estes, M. Hyperviscosity syndrome. StatPearls, StatPearls Publishing, Apr 30, 2022. Available at: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK518963/Google Scholar

Weaver, A, Rubinstein, S, Cornell, RF. Hyperviscosity syndrome in paraprotein secreting conditions including Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia. Frontiers in Oncology. 2020 May 19; 10(815). Doi: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00815.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Gevaert, SA, Halvorsen, S, Sinnaeve, PR, Sambola, A, Gulati, G, Lancellotti, P, Van Der Meer, P, Lyon, AR, Farmakis, D, Lee, G, Boriani, G, Wechalekar, A, Okines, A, Asteggiano, R. Evaluation and management of cancer patients presenting with acute cardiovascular disease: A consensus document of the Acute CardioVascular Care (ACVC) association and the ESC council of Cardio-Oncology – Part 1: Acute coronary syndromes and acute pericardial diseases. European Heart Journal Acute Cardiovascular Care. 2021 Aug 28;10(8):947–959.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Hanson, MG, Chan, B. The role of point-of-care ultrasound in the diagnosis of pericardial effusion: A single academic center retrospective study. The Ultrasound Journal. 2021;13 :2. Doi: 10.1186/s13089-021-00205.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Maisch, B, Ristic, A, Pankuweit, S. Evaluation and management of pericardial effusion in patients with neoplastic disease. Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases. 2010 Sep;53(2):157–163.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Shenoy, S, Shetty, S, Lankala, S, Anwer, F, Yeager, A, Adigopula, S. Cardiovascular oncologic emergencies. Cardiology. 2017;138(3):147–158.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Altan, M, Toki, MI, Gettinger, SN, Carvajal-Hausdorf, DE, Zugazagoitia, J, Sinard, JH, Herbst, RS, Rimm, DL. Immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated pericarditis. Journal of Thoracic Oncology. 2019 Jun;14(6):1102–1108.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Chahine, J, Shekhar, S, Mahalwar, G, Imazio, M, Collier, P, Klein, A. Pericardial involvement in cancer. The American Journal of Cardiology. 2021 Apr;145:151–159.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Kelleni, MT, Abdelbasset, M. Drug induced cardiotoxicity: Mechanism, prevention and management, in Cardiotoxicity [Internet]. InTech; 2018 [cited 2022 Aug 2]. Doi: 10.5772/intechopen.79611.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Shenoy, S, Shetty, S, Lankala, S, Anwer, F, Yeager, A, Adigopula, S. Cardiovascular oncologic emergencies. Cardiology. 2017;138(3):147–158.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Søgaard, KK, Farkas, DK, Ehrenstein, V, Bhaskaran, K, Bøtker, HE, Sørensen, HT. Pericarditis as a marker of occult cancer and a prognostic factor for cancer mortality. Circulation. 2017 Sep 12;136(11):996–1006.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Rice, TW, Rodriguez, RM, Light, RW. The superior vena cava syndrome: Clinical characteristics and evolving etiology. Medicine (Baltimore). 2006 Jan;85(1):37‒42. Doi: 10.1097/01.md.0000198474.99876.f0. PMID: 16523051.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Talapatra, K, Panda, S, Goyle, S, Bhadra, K, Mistry, R. Superior vena cava syndrome: A radiation oncologist’s perspective. Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics. 2016 Apr‒Jun;12(2):515‒519. Doi: 10.4103/0973-1482.177503. PMID: 27461602.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Wan, JF, Bezjak, A. Superior vena cava syndrome. Emergency Medical Clinics of North America. 2009 May;27(2):243‒255. Doi: 10.1016/j.emc.2009.01.003. PMID: 19447309.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Abdol, Razak NB, Jones, G, Bhandari, M, Berndt, MC, Metharom, P. Cancer-associated thrombosis: An overview of mechanisms, risk factors, and treatment. Cancers 2018 Oct 11;10:380. Doi: 10.3390/cancers10100380.Google Scholar

Adult Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) Treatment for Cancer Patients (DVT and PE) Clinical Algorithm MD Anderson Cancer Center. www.mdanderson.org/content/dam/mdanderson/documents/for-physicians/algorithms/clinical-management/clin-management-vte-treatment-web-algorithm.pdfGoogle Scholar

Cohen, AT, Katholing, A, Rietbrock, S, Bamber, L, Martinez, C. Epidemiology of first and recurrent venous thromboembolism in patients with active cancer. A population-based cohort study. Thrombosis and Haemostasis 2017;117(1): 57‒65. Doi: 10.1160/TH15–08-0686.Google Scholar

Cronin-Fenton, DP, Søndergaard, F, Pedersen, LA, Fryzek, JP, Cetin, K, Acquavella, J, Baron, JA, Sørensen, HT. Hospitalisation for venous thromboembolism in cancer patients and the general population: A population-based cohort study in Denmark, 1997‒2006. British Journal of Cancer 2010;103(7):947‒953. Doi: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6605883.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

De Martino, RR, Goodney, PP, Spangler, EL, Wallaert, JB, Corriere, MA, Rzucidlo, EM, Walsh, DB, Stone, DH. Variation in thromboembolic complications among patients undergoing commonly performed cancer operations.Journal of Vascular Surgery 2012;55(4):1035‒1040.e4. Doi: 10.1016/j.jvs.2011.10.129.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Long, B, Koyfman, A. Oncologic emergencies: Too much clotting-venous thromboembolism in malignancy. The Journal of Emergency Medicine 2019; 57(6):825‒835. Doi: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2019.08.010.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Mulder, FI, Candeloro, M, Kamphuisen, PW, Di Nisio, M, Bossuyt, PM, Guman, N, Smit, K, Büller, HR, van Es, N; CAT-prediction collaborators. The Khorana score for prediction of venous thromboembolism in cancer patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Haematologica 2019;104(6):1277‒1287. Doi: 10.3324/haematol.2018.209114.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Ribic, C, Crowther, M. Thrombosis and anticoagulation in the setting of renal or liver disease. Hematology. American Society of Hematology. Education Program 2016;2016(1):188‒195. Doi: 10.1182/asheducation-2016.1.188.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Tafur, A. A low Wells score and a negative D-dimer was not safe in patients with cancer for ruling out DVT. Evidence-Based Medicine 2014;19(5):188. Doi: 10.1136/eb-2014-110014.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

van Es, N, van der Hulle, T, van Es, J, den Exter, PL, Douma, RA, Goekoop, RJ, Mos, IC, Garcia, JG, Kamphuisen, PW, Huisman, MV, Klok, FA, Büller, HR, Bossuyt, PM. PO-07 – Excluding pulmonary embolism in cancer patients using the Wells rule and age-adjusted D-dimer testing: An individual patient data meta-analysis. Thrombosis Research 2016;140 Suppl 1:S179. Doi: 10.1016/S0049–3848(16)30140-2.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Dzierżanowski, T, Larkin, P. Proposed criteria for constipation in palliative care patients. A multicenter cohort study. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2020 Dec 25; 10(1): 40. Doi: 10.3390/jcm10010040.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Dzierżanowski, T, Mercadante, S. Constipation in cancer patients – An update of clinical evidence. Current Treatment Options in Oncology. 2022 Apr 20;23: 936‒950. Doi: 10.1007/s11864-022-00976-y.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Wickham, RJ. Managing constipation in adults with cancer. Journal of the Advanced Practitioner in Oncology. 2017;8(2):149–161.Google ScholarPubMed

Benson, AB III, Ajani, JA, Catalano, RB, Engelking, C, Kornblau, SM, Martenson, JA, McCallum, R, Mitchell, EP, O’Dorisio, TM, Vokes, EE, Wadler, S. Recommended guidelines for the treatment of cancer treatment-induced diarrhea. Journal of Clinical Oncology. 2004; 22(14):2918‒2926.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Ferrer Pérez Jr, A, Vidal, M, Serrano, Solares S, Tobeña, Puyal M. Evaluation of nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea in oncologic patients at the emergency department. Journal of Clinical Oncology. 2009;27(15) suppl: e20727. Doi: 10.1200/JCO.2004.04.132.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Kornblau, S. Benson, AB, Catalano, R, Champlin, RE, Engelking, C, Field, M, Ippoliti, C, Lazarus, HM, Mitchell, E, Rubin, J, Stiff, PJ, Vokes, E, Wadler, S. Management of cancer treatment-related diarrhea. Issues and therapeutic strategies. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management. 2000;19(2):118‒129. Doi: 10.1016/s0885–3924(99)00149-9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

MD Anderson Cancer Center Adult Antiemetic Management of Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting (CINV) Guidelines. Retrieved from www.mdanderson.org/content/dam/mdanderson/documents/forphysicians/algorithms/clin cal-management/clin-management-cinv-adult-web-algorithm.pdfGoogle Scholar

Navari, RM. Treatment of breakthrough and refractory chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. BioMed Research International. 2015;1‒6: Article ID 595894.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Rao, KV, Faso, A. Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting: Optimizing prevention and management. American Health & Drug Benefits. 2012;5(4):232–240.Google ScholarPubMed

Tilleman, JA, Pick, A, DeSimone, EM, Price, S, Runia-Bade, L. Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. US Pharmacist. 2018; 43(2) (Specialty&Oncology suppl):2‒5.Google Scholar

Baskin, WN. Acute complications associated with bedside placement of feeding tubes. Nutrition in Clinical Practice. 2006 Feb;21(1):40‒55. Doi: 10.1177/011542650602100140. PMID: 16439769.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Blumenstein, I, Shastri, YM, Stein, J. Gastroenteric tube feeding: Techniques, problems and solutions. World Journal of Gastroenterology. 2014 Jul 14;20(26):8505‒8524. Doi: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i26.8505. PMID: 25024606; PMCID: PMC4093701.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Fejleh, MP, Chang, M, Anand, G, Savides, TJ. Use of a large-diameter 30-French venting gastrostomy tube is effective and safe for symptom palliation in patients with malignant bowel obstruction. Annals of Gastroenterology 2022; 35(2):177‒181. Doi: 10.20524/aog.2022.0694.Google ScholarPubMed

Franke, AJ, Iqbal, A, Starr, JS, Nair, RM, George, Jr TJ. Management of malignant bowel obstruction associated with GI cancers. Journal of Oncology Practice 2017;13(7):426‒434. Doi: 10.1200/JOP.2017.022210.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Ledet, CR, Santos, D. Acute abdomen in cancer patients. In: Nates, J, Price, K (eds.) Oncologic Critical Care. 2020:847‒856, Springer, Cham. Doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-74588-6_75.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Roeland, EJ. Managing malignant bowel obstruction: Moving beyond drip and suck. Journal of Oncology Practice. 2017;13(7):437‒438. Doi: 10.1200/JOP.2017.024596.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Tuca, A, Guell, E, Martinez-Losada, E, Codorniu, N. Malignant bowel obstruction in advanced cancer patients: Epidemiology, management, and factors influencing spontaneous resolution. Cancer Management and Research. 2012; 4:159–169. Doi: 10.2147/CMAR.S29297.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Veld, JV, Amelung, FJ, Consten, ECJ, van Hooft, JE, Tanis, PJ. Behandeling van linkszijdig obstructief coloncarcinoom [Treatment of left-sided obstructive colon cancer]. Nederlands Tijdschrift voor Geneeskunde. 2022 Feb 16;166: D6370.Google Scholar

Abu-Hejleh, T, Mezhir, JJ, Goodheart, MJ, Halfdanarson, TR. Incidence and management of gastrointestinal perforation from bevacizumab in advanced cancers. Current Oncology Reports. 2012;14(4):277‒284. Doi: 10.1007/s11912-012-0238-8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Kass, SL, Linden, AF, Jackson, PG, De Brito, PA, Atkins, MB. Bowel perforation associated with robust response to BRAF/MEK inhibitor therapy for BRAF-mutant melanoma: A case report. Melanoma Management. 2015;2(2):115‒120. Doi: 10.2217/mmt.15.10.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Kim, SW, Kim, HC, Yang, DM. Perforated tumours in the gastrointestinal tract: CT findings and clinical implications. The British Journal of Radiology. 2012;85(1017):1307–1313. Doi: 10.1259/bjr/21382039.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Ledet, CR, Santos, D. Acute abdomen in cancer patients. Oncologic Critical Care. 2019;847‒856. Springer International Publishing. Doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-74588-6_75.Google Scholar

Otani, K, Kawai, K, Hata, K, Tanaka, T, Nishikawa, T, Sasaki, K, Kaneko, M, Murono, K, Emoto, S, Nozawa, H. Colon cancer with perforation. Surgery Today 2019;49(1):15‒20. Doi: 10.1007/s00595-018-1661-8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Yeung, SCJ, Escalante, CP. Other oncologic emergencies. In: Kufe, DW, Pollock, RE, Weichselbaum, RR, Bast, RC, Gansler, TS, Holland, JF, Frei, E (eds.), Holland-Frei Cancer Medicine. 6th edition, 2003. BC Decker, Hamilton (ON). Available from: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK13526/Google Scholar

Bala, M, Kashuk, J, Moore, EE, Kluger, Y, Biffl, W, Gomes, CA, Ben-Ishay, O, Rubinstein, C, Balogh, ZJ, Civil, I, Coccolini, F, Leppaniemi, A, Peitzman, A, Ansaloni, L, Sugrue, M, Sartelli, M, Di, Saverio S, Fraga, GP, Catena, F. Acute mesenteric ischemia: Guidelines of the World Society of Emergency Surgery. World Journal of Emergency Surgery. 2017;12:38. PMID: 28794797. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28794797CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Caine, GJ, Stonelake, PS, Lip, GY, Kehoe, ST. The hypercoagulable state of malignancy: Pathogenesis and current debate. Neoplasia. 2002;4(6):465–473. Doi: 10.1038/sj.neo.7900263.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Expert Panels on Vascular Imaging and Gastrointestinal Imaging: et al. ACR Appropriateness Criteria^® Imaging of Mesenteric Ischemia. Journal of the American College of Radiology. 2018;15(11S):S332‒S340. Doi: 10.1016/j.jacr.2018.09.018.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Florim, S, Almeida, A, Rocha, D, Portugal, P. Acute mesenteric ischaemia: A pictorial review. Insights into Imaging. 2018;9(5):673–682. Doi: 10.1007/s13244-018-0641-2.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Moore, RA, Adel, N, Riedel, E, Bhutani, M, Feldman, DR, Tabbara, NE, Soff, G, Parameswaran, R, Hassoun, H. High incidence of thromboembolic events in patients treated with cisplatin-based chemotherapy: A large retrospective analysis. Journal of Clinical Oncology. 2011;29(25):3466–3473. Doi:10.1200/JCO.2011.35.5669.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Oldenburg, WA, Lau, LL, Rodenberg, TJ, Edmonds, HJ, Burger, CD. Acute mesenteric ischemia: A clinical review. Archives of Internal Medicine. 2004;164(10):1054–1062. Doi: 10.1001/archinte.164.10.1054.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Patel, S. Mesenteric ischemia. Case study, SAEM. 2019. www.saem.org/about-saem/academies-interest-groups-affiliates2/cdem/for-students/online-education/m4-curriculum/group-m4-gastrointestinal/mesenteric-ischemiaGoogle Scholar

Reginelli, A, Sangiovanni, A, Vacca, G, Belfiore, MP, Pignatiello, M, Viscardi, G, Clemente, A, Urraro, F, Cappabianca, S. Chemotherapy-induced bowel ischemia: Diagnostic imaging overview. Abdominal Radiology. 2022;47:1556–1564. Doi: 10.1007/s00261–021-03024-9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Bowen, J, Wardill, H. The science of mucositis. Support Care Cancer. 2022 Apr;30(4):2915–2917. Doi: 10.1007/s00520-022-06840-x. Epub 2022 Jan 24. PMID: 35067733.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Elad, S, Cheng, KKF, Lalla, RV, Yarom, N, Hong, C, Logan, RM, Bowen, J, Gibson, R, Saunders, DP, Zadik, Y, Ariyawardana, A, Correa, ME, Ranna, V, Bossi, P; Mucositis Guidelines Leadership Group of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer and International Society of Oral Oncology (MASCC/ISOO). MASCC/ISOO clinical practice guidelines for the management of mucositis secondary to cancer therapy. Cancer. 2020 Oct 1;126(19):4423–4431. Doi: 10.1002/cncr.33100. Epub 2020 Jul 28. Erratum in: Cancer. 2021 Oct 1;127(19):3700. PMID: 32786044; PMCID: PMC7540329.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Erowele, G, Ndefo, U. Oral mucositis: Update on prevention and management strategies. US Pharmacist. 2009;34(1)(Oncology suppl.):10–14.Google Scholar

McGuire, DB, Fulton, JS, Park, J, Brown, CG, Correa, ME, Eilers, J, Elad, S, Gibson, F, Oberle-Edwards, LK, Bowen, J, Lalla, RV; Mucositis Study Group of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer/International Society of Oral Oncology (MASCC/ISOO). Systematic review of basic oral care for the management of oral mucositis in cancer patients. Support Care Cancer. 2013;21 :3165–3177. Doi: 10.1007/s00520-013-1942–0.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Sarvizadeh, M, Hemati, S, Meidani, M, Ashouri, M, Roayaei, M, Shahsanai, A. Morphine mouthwash for the management of oral mucositis in patients with head and neck cancer. Advanced Biomedical Research. 2015 Feb 11;4(44). Doi: 10.4103/2277-9175.151254.Google ScholarPubMed

Wardill, HR, Bowen, JM, Gibson, RJ. New pharmacotherapy options for chemotherapy-induced alimentary mucositis. Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy 2014 Mar;14(3):347–354. Doi: 10.1517/14712598.2014.874412. Epub 2014 Jan 6. PMID: 24387716.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Itani, M, Kaur, N, Roychowdhury, A, Mellnick, VM, Lubner, MG, Dasyam, AK, Khanna, L, Prasad, SR, Katabathina, VS. Gastrointestinal manifestations of immunodeficiency: Imaging spectrum. Radiographics: A Review Publication of the Radiological Society of North America, Inc. 2022;42(3):759‒777. Doi: 10.1148/rg.210169.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Kapandji, N, Azoulay, E, Zafrani, L. Recent advances in neutropenic enterocolitis: Insights into the role of gut microbiota. Blood Reviews. 2022 Feb 14;100944. Doi: 10.1016/j.blre.2022.100944.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Ledet, CR, Santos, D. Acute abdomen in cancer patients. In: Nates, J, Price, K (eds), Oncologic Critical Care. 2020 Springer, Cham. Doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-74588-6_75.Google Scholar

Qasim, A, Nahas, J. Neutropenic Enterocolitis (Typhlitis) [Updated 2021 Aug 11]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. 2022 StatPearls Publishing, Treasure Island, FL. Available at: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK551577/Google Scholar

Rodrigues, FG, Dasilva, G, Wexner, SD. Neutropenic enterocolitis. World Journal of Gastroenterology. 2017;23(1):42‒47. Doi: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i1.42.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Bhutta, BS, Fatima, R, Aziz, M. Radiation enteritis. StatPearls, StatPearls Publishing, Feb 9, 2022. Available from: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK526032/Google Scholar

Hale, MF. Radiation enteritis: From diagnosis to management. Current Opinion in Gastroenterology. 2020;36(3):208–214. Doi: 10.1097/MOG.0000000000000632.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Harb, AH, Abou, Fadel C, Sharara, AI. Radiation enteritis. Current Gastroenterology Reports. 2014;16(5):383. Doi: 10.1007/s11894-014-0383-3.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

PDQ Supportive and Palliative Care Editorial Board. Gastrointestinal Complications (PDQ^®): Health Professional Version. PDQ Cancer Information Summaries, National Cancer Institute (US), Jan 21, 2022.Google Scholar

Faraci, M, Bertaina, A, Luksch, R, Calore, E, Lanino, E, Saglio, F, Prete, A, Menconi, M, De Simone, G, Tintori, V, Cesaro, S, Santarone, S, Orofino, MG, Locatelli, F, Zecca, M. Sinusoidal obstruction syndrome/veno-occlusive disease after autologous or allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in children: A retrospective study of the Italian Hematology-Oncology Association–Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Group. Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation. 2019 Feb;25(2):313–320.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Nassereddine, S, Alsubait, S, Tabbara, I. Sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (veno-occlusive disease) following hematopoietic stem cell transplant: Insights and therapeutic advances. Anticancer Research. 2018;38(5):2597–2605. Doi: 10.21873/anticanres.12501.Google ScholarPubMed

Roeker, LE, Kim, HT, Glotzbecker, B, Nageshwar, P, Nikiforow, S, Koreth, J, Armand, P, Cutler, C, Alyea, EP, Antin, JH, Richardson, PG, Soiffer, RJ, Ho, VT. Early clinical predictors of hepatic veno-occlusive disease/sinusoidal obstruction syndrome after myeloablative stem cell transplantation. Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation. 2019 Jan;25(1):137–144.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Valla, D-C, Cazals-Hatem, D. Sinusoidal obstruction syndrome. Clinics and Research in Hepatology and Gastroenterology. 2016 Sep;40(4):378–385.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Brooks, RA, Wright, JD, Powell, MA, Rader, JS, Gao, F, Mutch, DG, Wall, LL. Long-term assessment of bladder and bowel dysfunction after radical hysterectomy. Gynecologic Oncology. 2009 Jul;114(1):75–79. Doi: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2009.03.036. Epub 2009 May 1. PMID: 19410279.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Frost, JA, Webster, KE, Bryant, A, Morrison, J. Lymphadenectomy for the management of endometrial cancer. Cochrane Database Systematic Reviews. 2017 Oct 2;10(10):CD007585. Doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD007585.pub4. PMID: 28968482; PMCID: PMC6485923.Google ScholarPubMed

Kondo, E, Tabata, T, Shiozaki, T, Motohashi, T, Tanida, K, Okugawa, T, Ikeda, T. Large or persistent lymphocyst increases the risk of lymphedema, lymphangitis, and deep vein thrombosis after retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy for gynecologic malignancy. Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics. 2013 Sep;288(3):587–593. Doi: 10.1007/s00404-013-2769-0. Epub 2013 Mar 1. PMID: 23455541.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Narayanan, P, Nobbenhuis, M, Reynolds, KM, Sahdev, A, Reznek, RH, Rockall, AG. Fistulas in malignant gynecologic disease: Etiology, imaging, and management. Radiographics. 2009 Jul‒Aug;29(4):1073–1083. Doi: 10.1148/rg.294085223. PMID: 19605657.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Pyrzak, A, Saiz, A, Polan, RM, Barber, EL. Risk factors for potentially avoidable readmissions following gynecologic oncology surgery. Gynecologic Oncology. 2020 Oct;159(1):195–200. Doi: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2020.07.103. Epub 2020 Aug 6. PMID: 32771277.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Shepherd, JH, Crowther, ME. Complications of gynaecological cancer surgery: A review. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine. 1986 May;79(5):289–293. Doi: 10.1177/014107688607900509. PMID: 3522905; PMCID: PMC1290314.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Decaestecker, K, Oosterlinck, W. Managing the adverse events of intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guérin therapy. Research and Reports in Urology. 2015;7:157–163. Doi: 10.2147/RRU.S63448.Google ScholarPubMed

Lee, SS, Ahn, JS, Jung, SH, Ahn, SY, Kim, JY, Jang, HC, Kang, SJ, Jang, MO, Yang, DH, Kim, YK, Lee, JJ, Kim, HJ. Treatment of BK virus-associated hemorrhagic cystitis with low-dose intravenous cidofovir in patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine. 2015;30(2):212–218. Doi: 10.3904/kjim.2015.30.2.212.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Manikandan, R, Kumar, S, Dorairajan, LN. Hemorrhagic cystitis: A challenge to the urologist. Indian Journal of Urology. 2010;26(2):159–166. Doi: 10.4103/0970-1591.65380.Google Scholar

Mohammadi Najafabadi, M, Soleimani, M, Ahmadvand, M, Soufi Zomorrod, M, Mousavi, SA. Treatment protocols for BK virus associated hemorrhagic cystitis after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. American Journal of Blood Research. 2020;10(5):217–230.Google ScholarPubMed

Payne, H, Adamson, A, Bahl, A, Borwell, J, Dodds, D, Heath, C, Huddart, R, McMenemin, R, Patel, P, Peters, JL, Thompson, A. Chemical- and radiation-induced haemorrhagic cystitis: Current treatments and challenges. BJU International. 2013;112(7):885–897. Doi: 10.1111/bju.12291.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Tsushima, T, Miura, T, Hachiya, T, Nakamura, I, Yamato, T, Kishida, T, Tanaka, Y, Irie, S, Meguro, N, Kawahara, T, Nakajima, N. Treatment recommendations for urological symptoms in cancer patients: Clinical guidelines from the Japanese Society for Palliative Medicine. Journal of Palliative Medicine. 2019 Jan;22(1):54–61. Doi: 10.1089/jpm.2018.0116. Epub 2018 Oct 5. PMID: 30289332.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Goldner, W. Cancer-related hypercalcemia. Journal of Oncology Practice. 2016 May;12(5):426–432. Doi: 10.1200/JOP.2016.011155. PMID: 27170690.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Rosner, MH, Dalkin, AC. Onco-nephrology: The pathophysiology and treatment of malignancy-associated hypercalcemia. Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology. 2012 Oct;7(10):1722–1729. Doi: 10.2215/CJN.02470312. Epub 2012 Aug 9. PMID: 22879438.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Berardi, R, Rinaldi, S, Caramanti, M, Grohè, C, Santoni, M, Morgese, F, Torniai, M, Savini, A, Fiordoliva, I, Cascinu, S. Hyponatremia in cancer patients: Time for a new approach. Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology. 2016 Jun;102:15–25. Doi: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2016.03.010. Epub 2016 Mar 10. PMID: 27066939.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Castillo, J, Vincent, M, Justice, E. Diagnosis and management of hyponatremia in cancer patients. Oncologist. 2012 Jun;17960:756‒765.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Gross, P. Clinical management of SIADH. Therapeutic Advances in Endocrinology and Metabolism. 2012;3(2):61–73. Doi: 10.1177/2042018812437561.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Kitchlu, A, Rosner, MH. Hyponatremia in patients with cancer. Current Opinion in Nephrology and Hypertension. 2019 Sep;28(5):433–440. Doi: 10.1097/MNH.0000000000000525. PMID: 31232709.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Onitilo, AA, Kio, E, Doi, SA. Tumor-related hyponatremia. Clinical Medicine and Research. 2007 Dec;5(4):228–237. Doi: 10.3121/cmr.2007.762. Epub 2007 Dec 17. PMID: 18086907; PMCID: PMC2275758.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Workeneh, BT, Jhaveri, KD, Rondon-Berrios, H. Hyponatremia in the cancer patient. Kidney International. 2020 Oct;98(4):870–882. Doi: 10.1016/j.kint.2020.05.015. Epub 2020 Jun 1. PMID: 32497528.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Dana, A, Hélénon, O. Exploration actuelle de l’appareil urinaire: radiologie conventionnelle et échographie [Urinary tract imaging: Conventional radiology and ultrasound]. Journal de Radiologie. 2004 Feb;85(2 Pt 2):159–168. In French. Doi: 10.1016/s0221-0363(04)97564-6. PMID: 15094606.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Kalu, CO, Abudayyeh, A. Obstructive uropathy in critically ill cancer patients. Oncologic Critical Care. 2019:969–975. Springer International Publishing. Doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-74588-6_78.Google Scholar

Lipe, DN, Mann, PB, Babakhanlou, R, Cruz Carreras, MT, Guido Hita, A, Wattana, MK. Evaluation and management of genitourinary emergencies in patients with cancer. Emergency Medicine International. 2021 Jul 27;2021:4511968. Doi: 10.1155/2021/4511968. PMID: 34367695; PMCID: PMC8337163.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Russo, P. Urologic emergencies in the cancer patient. Seminars in Oncology. 2000 Jun;27(3):284–298. PMID: 10864217.Google ScholarPubMed

Dagli, M, Ramchandani, P. Percutaneous nephrostomy: Technical aspects and indications. Seminars in Interventional Radiology. 2011;28(4):424–437. Doi: 10.1055/s-0031-1296085.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Radecka, E, Magnusson, A. Complications associated with percutaneous nephrostomies. A retrospective study. Acta Radiologica. 2004;45(2):184–188.Google Scholar

Romero, FR, Broglio, M, Pires, SR, Roca, RF, Guibu, IA, Perez, MD. Indications for percutaneous nephrostomy in patients with obstructive uropathy due to malignant urogenital neoplasias. International Brazilian Journal of Urology. 2005 Mar‒Apr;31(2):117–124. Doi: 10.1590/s1677-55382005000200005. PMID: 15877830.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Young, M, Leslie, SW. Percutaneous Nephrostomy. [Updated 2022 May 5]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2022 Jan. Available at: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK493205/Google Scholar

Gonzalez, T. Chemotherapy extravasations: Prevention, identification, management, and documentation. Clinical Journal of Oncology Nursing. 2013 Jan 31;17(1):61–66.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Kassner, E. Evaluation and treatment of chemotherapy extravasation injuries. Journal of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology Nursing. 2000 Jul;17(3):135–148. Doi: 10.1053/jpon.2000.8063. PMID: 10944862.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Department of Clinical Effectiveness. Extravasation Management (Vesicant and Contrast Agents.) MD Anderson Cancer Center, July 20, 2021. Available at: www.mdanderson.org/content/dam/mdanderson/documents/for-physicians/algorithms/clinical-management/clin-management-contrast-reactions-adult-web-algorithm.pdfGoogle Scholar

Garcia Borrega, J, Gödel, P, Rüger, MA, Onur, OA, Shimabukuro-Vornhagen, A, Kochanek, M, Böll, B. In the eye of the storm: Immune-mediated toxicities associated with CAR-T cell therapy. HemaSphere. 2019;3(2):e191. 29. Doi: 10.1097/HS9.0000000000000191.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Neelapu, SS. Managing the toxicities of CAR T-cell therapy. Hematological Oncology. 2019;37(S1): 48–52. Doi: 10.1002/hon.2595.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Riegler, LL, Jones, GP, Lee, DW. Current approaches in the grading and management of cytokine release syndrome after chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy. Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management. 2019;15:323‒335. Doi: 10.2147/TCRM.S150524.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Sheth, VS, Gauthier, J. Taming the beast: CRS and ICANS after CAR T-cell therapy for ALL. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2021; 56:552–566. Doi: 10.1038/s41409-020-01134-4.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Albarrán, V, Chamorro, J, Rosero, DI, Saavedra, C, Soria, A, Carrato, A, Gajate, P. Neurologic toxicity of immune checkpoint inhibitors: A review of literature. Frontiers in Pharmacology. 2022; 13. Doi: 10.3389/fphar.2022.774170.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Cappelli, LC, Gutierrez, AK, Bingham, CO III, Shah, AA. Rheumatic and musculoskeletal immune-related adverse events due to immune checkpoint inhibitors: A systematic review of the literature. Arthritis Care and Research. 2017;69(11):1751–1763. Doi: 10.1002/acr.23177.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Castillo, RM, Sandefur, BJ, Finch, AS, Richter, MD, Thanarajasingam, U. Clinical presentations and outcomes of patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors presenting to the emergency department. Mayo Clinic Proceedings: Innovations, Quality & Outcomes. 2021;5(6):1029–1035. Doi:10.1016/j.mayocpiqo.2021.09.007.Google ScholarPubMed

Del Rivero, J, Cordes, LM, Klubo‐Gwiezdzinska, J, Madan, RA, Nieman, LK, Gulley, JL. Endocrine-related adverse events related to immune checkpoint inhibitors: Proposed algorithms for management. The Oncologist. 2020;25(4):290–300. Doi: 10.1634/theoncologist.2018-0470.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Hryniewicki, AT, Wang, C, Shatsky, RA, Coyne, CJ. Management of immune checkpoint inhibitor toxicities: A review and clinical guideline for emergency physicians. Journal of Emergency Medicine. 2018 Oct;55(4):489–502. Doi: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2018.07.005. Epub 2018 Aug 16. PMID: 30120013.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Lauwyck, J, Beckwée, A, Santens, A, Schwarze, JK, Awada, G, Vandersleyen, V, Aspeslagh, S, Neyns, B. C-reactive protein as a biomarker for immune-related adverse events in melanoma patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors in the adjuvant setting. Melanoma Research. 2021 Aug 1;31(4):371–377. Doi: 10.1097/CMR.0000000000000748. PMID: 34054056.Google Scholar

Muntyanu, A, Netchiporouk, E, Gerstein, W, Gniadecki, R, Litvinov, IV. Cutaneous immune-related adverse events (irAEs) to immune checkpoint inhibitors: A dermatology perspective on management . Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery. 2021 Jan‒Feb;25(1):59–76. Doi: 10.1177/1203475420943260. Epub 2020 Aug 3. PMID: 32746624.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Nso, N, Antwi-Amoabeng, D, Beutler, BD, et al. Cardiac adverse events of immune checkpoint inhibitors in oncology patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. World Journal of Cardiology. 2020;12(11):584–598. Doi: 10.4330/wjc.v12.i11.584.Google Scholar

Rapoport, BL, Shannon, VR, Cooksley, T, Johnson, DB, Anderson, L, Blidner, AG, Tintinger, GR, Anderson, R. Pulmonary toxicities associated with the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors: An update from the immuno-oncology subgroup of the Neutropenia, Infection & Myelosuppression Study Group of the Multinational Association for Supportive Care in Cancer. Frontiers in Pharmacology. 2021. Doi: 10.3389/fphar.2021.743582.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Schneider, BJ, Naidoo, J, Santomasso, BD, Lacchetti, C, Adkins, S, Anadkat, M, Atkins, MB, Brassil, KJ, Caterino, JM, Chau, I, Davies, MJ, Ernstoff, MS, Fecher, L, Ghosh, M, Jaiyesimi, I, Mammen, JS, Naing, A, Nastoupil, LJ, Phillips, T, Porter, LD, Reichner, CA, Seigel, C, Song, JM, Spira, A, Suarez-Almazor, M, Swami, U, Thompson, JA, Vikas, P, Wang, Y, Weber, JS, Funchain, P, Bollin, K. Management of immune-related adverse events in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy: ASCO Guideline Update. Journal of Clinical Oncology. 2021 Dec 20;39(36):4073–4126. Doi: 10.1200/JCO.21.01440. Epub 2021 Nov 1. Erratum in: Journal of Clinical Oncology. 2022 Jan 20;40(3):315. PMID: 34724392.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Shah, M, Rajha, E, DiNardo, C, Muckey, E, Wierda, WG, Yeung, SJ. Adverse events of novel therapies for hematologic malignancies: What emergency physicians should know. Annals of Emergency Medicine. 2020 Feb;75(2):264–286. Doi: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2019.07.015. Epub 2019 Sep 24. PMID: 31561995.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Trinh, S, Le, A, Gowani, S, La-Beck, NM. Management of immune-related adverse events associated with immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy: A minireview of current clinical guidelines. Asia-Pacific Journal of Oncology Nursing. 2019; 6(2):154–160. Doi: 10.4103/apjon.apjon_3_19.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Yeung, SJ, Qdaisat, A, Chaftari, P, Lipe, D, Merlin, J, Rajha, E, Wechsler, A, Sandoval, M, Viets, J, Al-Breiki, A, Shah, M, Pandey, R, Kamal, M, Khattab, O, Toale, K, Wattana, M, Elsayem, A, Gaeta, S, Brock, P, Reyes-Gibby, C, Alagappan, K. Diagnosis and management of immune-related adverse effects of immune checkpoint therapy in the emergency department. Journal of the American College of Emergency Physicians Open. 2020 Aug 30;1(6):1637–1659. Doi: 10.1002/emp2.12209. PMID: 33392573; PMCID: PMC7771833.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Fathi, AT, Eytan, M. Stein, EM, DiNardo, CD, Levis, MJ, Montesinos, P, de Botton, S. Differentiation syndrome with lower-intensity treatments for acute myeloid leukemia. American Journal of Hematology. 2021; 96(6):735–746. Doi: 10.1002/ajh.26142.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Sanz, MA, Montesinos, P. How we prevent and treat differentiation syndrome in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia. Blood. 2014; 123(18):2777–2782. Doi: 10.1182/blood-2013-10-512640.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Stahl, M, Tallman, MS. Differentiation syndrome in acute promyelocytic leukaemia. British Journal of Haematology. 2019;187(2):157–162. Doi: 10.1111/bjh.16151.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Alada ḡ, E, Kelkitli, E, Göker, H. Acute graft-versus-host disease: A brief review. Turkish Journal of Haematology. 2020;37(1):1–4. Doi: 10.4274/tjh.galenos.2019.2019.0157.Google Scholar

Flowers, ME, Inamoto, Y, Carpenter, PA, Lee, SJ, Kiem, H-P. Comparative analysis of risk factors for acute graft-versus-host disease and for chronic graft-versus-host disease according to National Institutes of Health consensus criteria. Blood. 2011;117(11):3214–3219. Doi: 10.1182/blood-2010-08-302109.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Hamilton, BK. Updates in chronic graft-versus-host disease. Hematology. American Society of Hematology, Education Program. 2021;1:648–654. Doi: 10.1182/hematology.2021000301.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Justiz Vaillant, AA, Modi, P, Mohammadi, O. Graft versus host disease. [Updated May 1, 2022]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2022. Available at: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK538235/Google Scholar

Moreno, DF, Cid, J. Graft-versus-host disease. Enfermedad del injerto contra el receptor. Medicina Clínica. 2019;152(1):22–28. Doi: 10.1016/j.medcli.2018.07.012.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Ramachandran, V, Kolli, SS, Strowd, LC. Review of graft-versus-host disease. Dermatologic Clinics. 2019;37(4):569–582. Doi: 10.1016/j.det.2019.05.014.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Song, I Chin, AY, Han, J, Kim, DH, Lee, KS, Kim, TS, Chung, MJ. CT findings of late-onset noninfectious pulmonary complications in patients with pathologically proven graft-versus-host disease after allogeneic stem cell transplant. American Journal of Roentgenology. 2012;199(3):581–587. Doi: 10.2214/AJR.11.7165.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Williams, JC, Jorgensen, SA, Towbin, AJ, Towbin, R. Graft versus host disease. Applied Radiology. 2017;46(12).Google Scholar

Wingard, JR, Piantadosi, S, Vogelsang, G, Farmer, E, Jabs, D, Levin, L, Beschorner, W, Cahill, R, Miller, D, Harrison, D. Predictors of death from chronic graft-versus-host disease after bone marrow transplantation. Blood. 1989;74(4):1428–1435.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Zeiser, R, and Blazar, BR. Pathophysiology of chronic graft-versus-host disease and therapeutic targets. The New England Journal of Medicine. 2017;377(26):2565–2579. Doi: 10.1056/NEJMra1703472.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Bewersdorf, JP, Zeidan, AM. Hyperleukocytosis and leukostasis in acute myeloid leukemia: Can a better understanding of the underlying molecular pathophysiology lead to novel treatments? Cells. 2020;9(10):2310. Doi: 10.3390/cells9102310.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Ghosh, K, Malik, K, Das, KC. Serum and leukocyte lactate dehydrogenase activity in leukaemias. Haematologia. 1988;21(4) :227–232.Google ScholarPubMed

Macaron, W, Sargsyan, Z, Short, NJ. Hyperleukocytosis and leukostasis in acute and chronic leukemias. Leukemia & Lymphoma. 2022;63(8). Doi: 10.1080/10428194.2022.2056178.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Stefanski, M, Jamis-Dow, C, Bayerl, M, Desai, RJ, Claxton, DF, Van de Louw, A. Chest radiographic and CT findings in hyperleukocytic acute myeloid leukemia: A retrospective cohort study of 73 patients. Medicine. 2016;95(44):e5285. Doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000005285.Google Scholar

Ahn, S, Rice, TW, Yeung, S-C, Cooksley, T. Comparison of the MASCC and CISNE scores for identifying low-risk neutropenic fever patients: Analysis of data from three emergency departments of cancer centers in three continents. Supportive Care in Cancer. 2018;26(5):1465–1470.Google ScholarPubMed

Baugh, CW, Wang, TJ, Caterino, JM, Baker, ON, Brooks, GA, Reust, AC, Pallin, DJ. Emergency department management of patients with febrile neutropenia: Guideline concordant or overly aggressive? Academic Emergency Medicine. 2017;24(1):83–91.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Casanovas-Blanco, M, Serrahima-Mackay, A. Febrile neutropenia management in cancer patients receiving anti-cancer agents’ treatment: Deepening the search to offer the best care. A critical review follow-up. Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology. 2020;153:103042.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Costa, RT, Nassar, AP Jr, Caruso, P. Accuracy of SOFA, qSOFA, and SIRS scores for mortality in cancer patients admitted to an intensive care unit with suspected infection. Journal of Critical Care. 2018 Jun;45: 52–57.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Gerritsen, MG, Willemink, MJ, Pompe, E, van der Bruggen, T, van Rhenen, A, Lammers, JW, Wessels, F, Sprengers, RW, de Jong, PA, Minnema, MC. Improving early diagnosis of pulmonary infections in patients with febrile neutropenia using low-dose chest computed tomography. PLoS ONE. 2017 Feb 24;12(2):e0172256.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Lee, NH, Kang, J-M, Lee, JW, Huh, HJ, Lee, NY, Yoo, KH, Sung, KW, Koo, HH, Kim, Y-J. Cefepime versus cefepime plus amikacin as an initial antibiotic choice for pediatric cancer patients with febrile neutropenia in an era of increasing cefepime resistance. Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal. 2020; 39:931‒936.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Long, B, Koyfman, A. Oncologic emergencies: The fever with too few neutrophils. Journal of Emergency Medicine. 2019;57(5):689‒700.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Cairo, MS, Coiffier, B, Reiter, A, Younes, A, TLS Expert Panel. Recommendations for the evaluation of risk and prophylaxis of tumour lysis syndrome (TLS) in adults and children with malignant diseases: An expert TLS panel consensus. British Journal of Haematology. 2010;149(4):578–586. Doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2010.08143.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Klemencic, S, Perkins, J. Diagnosis and management of oncologic emergencies. Western Journal of Emergency Medicine. 2019 Mar;20(2):316–322. Doi: 10.5811/westjem.2018.12.37335. Epub 2019 Feb 14.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Lipe, D,, Wattana, M. Tumor lysis syndrome. In: CorePendium, available at: www.emrap.org/corependium/, e-Book 2019.Google Scholar

Damek, DM. Cerebral edema, altered mental status, seizures, acute stroke, leptomeningeal metastases, and paraneoplastic syndrome. Emergency Medical Clinics of North America. 2009;27(2):209‒229.Google Scholar

Nolan, C, DeAngelis, LM. The confused oncologic patient: A rational clinical approach. Current Opinion in Neurology. 2016;29(6):789–796. Doi: 10.1097/WCO.0000000000000392.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Doriath, V, Paesmans, M, Catteau, G, Hildebrand, J. Acute confusion in patients with systemic cancer. Journal of Neuro-Oncology. 2007 Jul;83(3):285–289. Doi: 10.1007/s11060-006-9319-6. Epub 2007 Jan 17.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Yaka, E, Kaya, S, Pekdemir, M, Yilmaz, S, Uygun, K, Kama, A. Altered mental status in emergency department patients with cancer. Hong Kong Journal of Emergency Medicine. 2014;21(1):10–15.Google Scholar

Bramati, P, Bruera, E. Delirium in palliative care. Cancers. 2021;13(23):5893. Doi: 10.3390/cancers13235893.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Bush, SH, Lawlor, PG, Ryan, K, Centeno, C, Lucchesi, M, Kanji, S, Siddiqi, N, Morandi, A, Davis, DHJ, Laurent, M, Schofield, N, Barallat, E, Ripamonti, CI; ESMO Guidelines Committee. Delirium in adult cancer patients: ESMO clinical practice guidelines. Annals of Oncology. 2018 Oct 1; 29(Suppl 4):iv143‒iv165. Doi: 10.1093/annonc/mdy147. PMID: 29992308.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

De la Cruz, M. Delirium and palliative sedation. In The MD Anderson Supportive and Palliative Care Handbook, edited by Dalal, Shalini and Bruera, Eduardo (6th ed.) 2018. Houston: UT Health Printing Services.Google Scholar

El Majzoub, I, Abunafeesa, H, Cheaito, R, Cheaito, MA, Elsayem, AF. Management of altered mental status and delirium in cancer patients. Annals of Palliative Medicine. 2019 Nov;8(5):728–739. Doi: 10.21037/apm.2019.09.14. Epub 2019 Oct 23. PMID: 31735040.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Han, JH, Wilson, A, Vasilevskis, EE, Shintani, A, Schnelle, JF, Dittus, RS, Graves, AJ, Storrow, AB, Shuster, J, Ely, EW. Diagnosing delirium in older emergency department patients: Validity and reliability of the delirium triage screen and the brief confusion assessment method. Annals of Emergency Medicine. 2013; 62:457–465.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Lee, S, Gottlieb, M, Mulhausen, P, Wilbur, J, Reisinger, HS, Han, JH, Carnahan, R. Recognition, prevention, and treatment of delirium in emergency department: An evidence-based narrative review. The American Journal of Emergency Medicine. 2020 Feb;38(2):349–357. Doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2019.158454. Epub 2019 Oct 8. PMID: 31759779.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Barton, MK. Drug interactions in cancer patients receiving antidepressants are common, researchers report. CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians. 2011 Sep‒Oct;61(5):283–284. Doi: 10.3322/caac.20127. Epub 2011 Aug 8. PMID: 25930199.Google ScholarPubMed

Grassi, L, Nanni, MG, Rodin, G, Li, M, Caruso, R. The use of antidepressants in oncology: A review and practical tips for oncologists. Annals of Oncology. 2018 Jan 1; 29(1):101–111. Doi: 10.1093/annonc/mdx526. PMID: 29272358.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Hoyer, D, David, E. Screening for depression in emergency department patients. Journal of Emergency Medicine. 2012 Nov;43(5):786–789. Doi: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2008.05.004. Epub 2008 Nov 20. PMID: 19022607.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Mausbach, BT, Decastro, G, Schwab, RB, Tiamson-Kassab, M, Irwin, SA. Healthcare use and costs in adult cancer patients with anxiety and depression. Depress Anxiety. 2020 Sep;37(9):908–915. Doi: 10.1002/da.23059. Epub 2020 Jun 2. PMID: 32485033; PMCID: PMC7484454.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Reyes, CC, Anderson, KO, Gonzalez, CE, Ochs, HC, Wattana, M, Acharya, G, Todd, KH. Depression and survival outcomes after emergency department cancer pain visits. BMJ Supportive and Palliative Care. 2019 Dec;9(4):e36. Doi: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2018-001533. Epub 2018 Aug 31. PMID: 30171043.Google ScholarPubMed

Smith, HR. Depression in cancer patients: Pathogenesis, implications and treatment (Review). Oncology Letters. 2015 Apr;9(4):1509–1514. Doi: 10.3892/ol.2015.2944. Epub 2015 Feb 9. PMID: 25788991; PMCID: PMC4356432.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Esquenazi, Y, Lo, VP, Lee, K. Critical care management of cerebral edema in brain tumors. Journal of Intensive Care Medicine. 2017 Jan;32(1):15–24. Doi: 10.1177/0885066615619618. Epub 2015 Dec 8. PMID: 26647408.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Lin, AL, Avila, EK. Neurologic emergencies in the patients with cancer. Journal of Intensive Care Medicine. 2017 Feb;32(2):99–115. Doi: 10.1177/0885066615619582. Epub 2016 Jul 9. PMID: 26704760; PMCID: PMC5473518.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Pandhi, A, Krishnan, R, Goyal, N, Malkoff, M. Increased intracranial pressure in critically ill cancer patients, in J Nates and K Price (eds). Oncologic Critical Care (2018):1‒13. Doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-74698-2_36-1.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Pinto, VL, Tadi, P, Adeyinka, A. Increased intracranial pressure. [Updated May 2, 2022]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2022 Jan. Available at: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482119/Google Scholar

Caceres, JA, Goldstein, JN. Intracranial hemorrhage. Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America. 2012 Aug;30(3):771–794. Doi: 10.1016/j.emc.2012.06.003. PMID: 22974648; PMCID: PMC3443867.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Marcolini, E, Stretz, C, DeWitt, KM. Intracranial hemorrhage and intracranial hypertension. Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America. 2019 Aug;37(3):529–544. Doi: 10.1016/j.emc.2019.04.001. PMID: 31262419.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Navi, BB, Reichman, JS, Berlin, D, Reiner, AS, Panageas, KS, Segal, AZ, DeAngelis, LM. Intracerebral and subarachnoid hemorrhage in patients with cancer. Neurology. 2010 Feb 9;74(6):494–501. Doi: 10.1212/WNL.0b013e3181cef837. PMID: 20142616; PMCID: PMC2830918.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Velander, AJ, DeAngelis, LM, Navi, BB. Intracranial hemorrhage in patients with cancer. Current Atherosclerosis Reports. 2012 Aug;14(4):373–381. Doi: 10.1007/s11883-012-0250-3. PMID: 22528522.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Grossman, SA, Krabak, MJ. Leptomeningeal carcinomatosis. Cancer Treatment Reviews. 1999 Apr;25(2):103–119. Doi: 10.1053/ctrv.1999.0119. PMID: 10395835.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Oki, E, Makiyama, A, Miyamoto, Y, Kotaka, M, Kawanaka, H, Miwa, K, Kabashima, A, Noguchi, T, Yuge, K, Kashiwada, T, Ando, K, Shimokawa, M, Saeki, H, Akagi, Y, Baba, H, Maehara, Y, Mori, M. Trifluridine/tipiracil plus bevacizumab as a first-line treatment for elderly patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (KSCC1602): A multicenter phase II trial. Cancer Medicine. 2021 Jan;10(2):454–461. Doi: 10.1002/cam4.3618. Epub 2020 Nov 29. Erratum in: Cancer Medicine. 2021 Jun; 10(11):3836. PMID: 33249761; PMCID: PMC7877360.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Wang, N, Bertalan, MS, Brastianos, PK. Leptomeningeal metastasis from systemic cancer: Review and update on management. Cancer. 2018 Jan 1;124(1):21–35. Doi: 10.1002/cncr.30911. Epub 2017 Nov 22. PMID: 29165794.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Kamoto, Y, Sadato, N, Yonekura, Y, Tsuchida, T, Uematsu, H, Waki, A, Uchida, K, Baba, H, Imura, S, Konishi, J. Visualization of the cervical spinal cord with FDG and high-resolution PET. Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography. 1998;22:487–491.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Lawton, AJ, Lee, KA, Cheville, AL, Ferrone, ML, Rades, D, Balboni, TA, Abrahm, JL. Assessment and management of patients with metastatic spinal cord compression: A multidisciplinary review. Journal of Clinical Oncology. 2019 Jan 1;37(1):61–71. Doi: 10.1200/JCO.2018.78.1211. Epub 2018 Nov 5. PMID: 30395488.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Rajer, M, Kovač, V. Malignant spinal cord compression. Radiology and Oncology 2008;42(1):23–31. Doi: 10.2478/v10019-007-0035-4.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Castaneda, D, Miret, R, Rajagopalan, R, Castillo, M, Gonzalez, A, Castro, F. Chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction due to incidentally found thymoma, ACG Case Reports Journal. 2021 May;8(5):e00608. Doi: 10.14309/crj.0000000000000608CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Graus, F, Dalmau, J. Paraneoplastic neurological syndromes. Current Opinion in Neurology. 2012 Dec;25(6):795–801. Doi: 10.1097/WCO.0b013e328359da15. PMID: 23041955; PMCID: PMC3705179.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Höftberger, R, Rosenfeld, MR, Dalmau, J. Update on neurological paraneoplastic syndromes. Current Opinion in Oncology. 2015 Nov;27(6):489–495. Doi: 10.1097/CCO.0000000000000222. PMID: 26335665; PMCID: PMC4640358.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Klaas, JP, Ahlskog, JE, Pittock, SJ, Matsumoto, JY, Aksamit, AJ, Bartleson, JD, Kumar, R, McEvoy, KF, McKeon, A. Adult-onset opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome. Archives of Neurology. 2012;69(12):1598–1607. Doi: 10.1001/archneurol.2012.1173.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Luu, X, Leonard, S, Joseph, KA. Dermatomyositis presenting as a paraneoplastic syndrome with resolution of symptoms following surgical management of underlying breast malignancy. Journal of Surgical Case Reports. 2015;(7):rjv075. Doi: 10.1093/jscr/rjv075.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Costa, J, Haddad, FG, Costa, G, Harb, A, Eid, R, Kourie, HR, Helou, JE. Seizures in cancer patients: A vast spectrum of etiologies. Future Neurology. 2019;14:FNL30.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Grönheit, W, Popkirov, S, Wehner, T, Schlegel, U, Wellmer, J. Practical management of epileptic seizures and status epilepticus in adult palliative care patients. Frontiers in Neurology. 2018;9. Doi: 10.3389/fneur.2018.00595.Google Scholar

Ho, K, Lawn, N, Bynevelt, M, Lee, J, Dunne, J. Neuroimaging of first-ever seizure: Contribution of MRI if CT is normal. Neurology: Clinical Practice. 2013;3:398–403.Google Scholar

Lin, AL, Avila, EK. Neurologic emergencies in the patients with cancer. Journal of Intensive Care Medicine. 2017;32:99–115. Doi: 10.1177/0885066615619582.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Mamon, HJ, Wen, PY, Burns, AC, Loeffler, JS. Allergic skin reactions to anticonvulsant medications in patients receiving cranial radiation therapy. Epilepsia. 1999 Mar;40(3):341–344.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Nowacki, TA, Jirsch, JD. Evaluation of the first seizure patient: Key points in the history and physical examination. Seizure. 2017 Jul;49:54–63.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Sarmast, ST, Abdullahi, AM, Jahan, N. (2020). Current classification of seizures and epilepsies: Scope, limitations and recommendations for future action. Cureus. 2020; 12(9):e10549. Doi: 10.7759/cureus.10549.Google ScholarPubMed

Singh, G, Rees, JH, Sander, JW. Seizures and epilepsy in oncological practice: Causes, course, mechanisms and treatment. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry. 2007;78(4):342–349. Doi: 10.1136/jnnp.2006.106211.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Tradounsky, G. Seizures in palliative care. Canadian Family Physician. 2013;59(9):951‒e405.Google ScholarPubMed

Bang, OY, Chung, JW, Lee, MJ, Seo, WK, Kim, GM, Ahn, MJ; OASIS-Cancer Study Investigators. Cancer-related stroke: An emerging subtype of ischemic stroke with unique pathomechanisms. Journal of Stroke. 2020 Jan;22(1):1–10. Doi: 10.5853/jos.2019.02278. Epub 2020 Jan 31. PMID: 32027788; PMCID: PMC7005348.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Dardiotis, E, Aloizou, AM, Markoula, S, Siokas, V, Tsarouhas, K, Tzanakakis, G, Libra, M, Kyritsis, AP, Brotis, AG, Aschner, M, Gozes, I, Bogdanos, DP, Spandidos, DA, Mitsias, PD, Tsatsakis, A. Cancer-associated stroke: Pathophysiology, detection and management (Review). International Journal of Oncology. 2019 Mar;54(3):779–796. Doi: 10.3892/ijo.2019.4669. Epub 2019 Jan 2. PMID: 30628661; PMCID: PMC6365034.Google ScholarPubMed

Lin, AL, Avila, EK. Neurologic emergencies in the patients with cancer. Journal of Intensive Care Medicine. 2017 Feb;32(2):99–115. Doi: 10.1177/0885066615619582. Epub 2016 Jul 9. PMID: 26704760; PMCID: PMC5473518.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Navi, BB, Iadecola, C. Ischemic stroke in cancer patients: A review of an underappreciated pathology. Annals of Neurology. 2018 May;83(5):873–883. Doi: 10.1002/ana.25227. Epub 2018 Apr 30. PMID: 29633334; PMCID: PMC6021225.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Rogers, LR. Management of stroke in cancer. Current Oncology Reports. 2008 Jan;10(1):72–77. Doi: 10.1007/s11912-008-0011-1. PMID: 18366963.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Schwarzbach, CJ, Fatar, M, Eisele, P, Ebert, AD, Hennerici, MG, Szabo, K. DWI lesion patterns in cancer-related stroke: Specifying the phenotype. Cerebrovascular Diseases Extra. 2015;5(3):139–145. Published Oct 30, 2015. Doi:10.1159/000439549.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Seltzer, J, Neill, L. Emergency guide to stroke neuroimaging. [NUEM Blog. Expert Commentary by B Jahromi]. Jan 6, 2020, Available at: www.nuemblog.com/blog/2018/4/20/stroke-neuroimagingGoogle Scholar

Sun, B, Fan, S, Li, Z, Guo, W, Liu, L, Zhou, Y, Ji, L, Zhang, L, Huang, X. Clinical and neuroimaging features of acute ischemic stroke in cancer patients. European Journal of Neurology. 2016;75(5‒6):292–9. Doi: 10.1159/000447126. Epub 2016 Jun 15. PMID: 27300135.Google ScholarPubMed

Zaorsky, NG, Zhang, Y, Tchelebi, LT, Mackley, HB, Chinchilli, VM, Zacharia, BE. Stroke among cancer patients. Nature Communications. 2019;10:5172. Doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-13120-6.Google Scholar

Camus, P, Kudoh, S, Ebina, M. Interstitial lung disease associated with drug therapy. British Journal of Cancer. 2004 Aug;91 Suppl. 2:S18–23. Doi: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6602063. PMID: 15340374; PMCID: PMC2750811.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Cherri, S, Noventa, S, Fanelli, M, Calandra, G, Prochilo, T, Bnà, C, Savelli, G, Zaniboni, A. Drug-related pneumonitis in cancer treatment during the COVID-19 era. Cancers (Basel). 2021 Mar 2;13(5):1052. Doi: 10.3390/cancers13051052. PMID: 33801385; PMCID: PMC7958630.Google Scholar

Jain, V, Berman, AT. Radiation pneumonitis: Old problem, new tricks. Cancers (Basel). 2018 Jul 3;10(7):222. Doi: 10.3390/cancers10070222. PMID: 29970850; PMCID: PMC6071030.Google Scholar

Jin, F, Li, Q, Bai, C, Wang, H, Li, S, Song, Y, Zeng, Y, Zhou, R, Li, W, Hu, C, Zhang, J, Zhou, H, Zhang, H. Chinese expert recommendation for diagnosis and treatment of massive hemoptysis. Respiration; International Review of Thoracic Diseases. 2020;99(1):83–92. Doi: 10.1159/000502156.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Gershman, E, Guthrie, R, Swiatek, K, Shojaee, S. Management of hemoptysis in patients with lung cancer. Annals of Translational Medicine. 2019;7(15):358. Doi: 10.21037/atm.2019.04.91.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Godoy, MCB, Truong, MT, Jimenez, CA, Shroff, GS, Vlahos, I, Casal, RF. Imaging of therapeutic airway interventions in thoracic oncology. Clinical Radiology. 2022;77(1):58–72. Doi: 10.1016/j.crad.2021.09.012.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed