Drawing together the evidence gathered in the previous chapters, the concluding discussion concentrates on the historical implications of the revised chronology. Highlighting the existence of simultaneous developments in both core and periphery, the chapter offers a reassessment of the agency of indigenous communities and of their independent contributions to the development of Roman building methods and architecture. Taking the political and economic integration of Late Republican Italy into account, it also suggests a new model for the diffusion of the technology, acknowledging how elite networks may have influenced the mobility of skilled craftsmen and, therefore, technological transfer.