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Chap. 14 - HUMAN AND BOVINE COLLAGEN-BASED FILLERS

from PART THREE - FILLERS AND NEUROTOXINS

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 July 2010

By
Sogol Saghari  and
Derek Jones
Edited by
Sorin Eremia
Sorin Eremia
Affiliation:
University of California, Los Angeles, School of Medicine
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Summary

Dermal matrix in adult skin is composed of type I (80 to 85%) and type III collagen (10 to 15%), in addition to glycosaminoglycans and elastin. Decreased collagen synthesis and increased levels of matrix metalloproteinases, including collagenase, result in reduction and alteration in dermal collagen. The art of soft tissue augmentation was directed toward collagen implants in the 1970s at Stanford University, where researchers first studied bovine- and human-derived collagen as injectable implants. In recent years, significant growth has been observed both in the development of newer dermal implants and in patients' interest in treatment with these products.

This chapter will discuss the available animal- and human-derived collagen products, in addition to their clinical applications, advantages, and disadvantages.

BOVINE-DERIVED COLLAGEN IMPLANTS

Bovine-derived collagen implants were introduced in the 1970s for correction of facial lines and were the most popular dermal implants for about two decades in the United States. These products include Zyderm I, Zyderm II, and Zyplast. Zyderm I and Zyderm II contain 35 mg/cc and 65 mg/cc of bovine collagen, respectively, dispersed in a phosphate-based solution and lidocaine. Zyplast is composed of 35 mg/cc of bovine collagen and is cross-linked by 0.0075% gluteraldehyde in addition to lidocaine. Zyderm I and II are intended for correction of superficial, etched-in rhytids and are expected to provide a duration of correction of two to three months. The cross-linked collagen in Zyplast provides more resistance to degradation and extends the duration of correction to four to five months.

Type
Chapter
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Office-Based Cosmetic Procedures and Techniques , pp. 65 - 67
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2010

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References

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