This chapter concludes by pointing to a number of key implications, takeways, and open questions that have emerged throughout this book. It highlights in particular the conclusions that the book derived from the application of the natural monopoly framework to digital platform markets; the competition policy implications that emerge from the economic literature on multisided markets; the role of breakup policies in digital markets; the institional refinements that may be desirable for a contestability and Schumpeterian-based policy approach; and some of the political economy implications that may derive from the emergence of different standards of regulatory intervention and enforcement across jurisdictions.