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2 - Monastic Estates in Byzantine Arabia and Palaestina (Fourth–Ninth Centuries)

from I. - The Monastic Estate

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 April 2023

By
Basema Hamarneh
Edited by
Louise Blanke  and
Jennifer Cromwell
Louise Blanke
Affiliation:
University of Edinburgh
Jennifer Cromwell
Affiliation:
Manchester Metropolitan University
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Summary

This chapter explores aspects of the transformation of the spatial and built environment of monasteries in the Southern Levant, with a focus on Arabia and Palaestina. Literary sources and archaeological excavations provide tangible evidence of the development of monasteries into productive units in the context of a larger rural economy. The success of the management model and its integration into the social and economic fabric are testified by the growing number of minor monastic structures equipped with wine and olive oil production units, cisterns, and terraced fields. The rise of monasticism reflects the importance of the Church in daily life, the agency and jurisdiction of local bishops – as evidenced by the mosaic inscriptions – and mutual contacts with adjacent villages. Papyri and other written sources combine to produce a picture of a well-structured economy aimed at intensive production, especially in the sixth and seventh centuries, even in the wake of critical conditions such as pandemics, climatic downturns, and political changes.

Keywords

Southern Levantmonasteriesagricultural landscapeeconomic productionrural economy
Type
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Monastic Economies in Late Antique Egypt and Palestine , pp. 41 - 75
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2023

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