Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- List of Contributors
- Dedication
- Preface
- Ode on Working Memory
- Acknowledgments
- 1 Models of Working Memory: An Introduction
- 2 Working Memory: The Multiple-Component Model
- 3 An Embedded-Processes Model of Working Memory
- 4 Individual Differences in Working Memory Capacity and What They Tell Us About Controlled Attention, General Fluid Intelligence, and Functions of the Prefrontal Cortex
- 5 Modeling Working Memory in a Unified Architecture: An ACT-R Perspective
- 6 Insights into Working Memory from the Perspective of the EPIC Architecture for Modeling Skilled Perceptual-Motor and Cognitive Human Performance
- 7 The Soar Cognitive Architecture and Human Working Memory
- 8 Long-Term Working Memory as an Alternative to Capacity Models of Working Memory in Everyday Skilled Performance
- 9 Interacting Cognitive Subsystems: Modeling Working Memory Phenomena Within a Multiprocessor Architecture
- 10 Working Memory in a Multilevel Hybrid Connectionist Control Architecture (CAP2)
- 11 A Biologically Based Computational Model of Working Memory
- 12 Models of Working Memory: Eight Questions and Some General Issues
- 13 Toward Unified Theories of Working Memory: Emerging General Consensus, Unresolved Theoretical Issues, and Future Research Directions
- Name Index
- Subject Index
10 - Working Memory in a Multilevel Hybrid Connectionist Control Architecture (CAP2)
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 05 June 2012
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- List of Contributors
- Dedication
- Preface
- Ode on Working Memory
- Acknowledgments
- 1 Models of Working Memory: An Introduction
- 2 Working Memory: The Multiple-Component Model
- 3 An Embedded-Processes Model of Working Memory
- 4 Individual Differences in Working Memory Capacity and What They Tell Us About Controlled Attention, General Fluid Intelligence, and Functions of the Prefrontal Cortex
- 5 Modeling Working Memory in a Unified Architecture: An ACT-R Perspective
- 6 Insights into Working Memory from the Perspective of the EPIC Architecture for Modeling Skilled Perceptual-Motor and Cognitive Human Performance
- 7 The Soar Cognitive Architecture and Human Working Memory
- 8 Long-Term Working Memory as an Alternative to Capacity Models of Working Memory in Everyday Skilled Performance
- 9 Interacting Cognitive Subsystems: Modeling Working Memory Phenomena Within a Multiprocessor Architecture
- 10 Working Memory in a Multilevel Hybrid Connectionist Control Architecture (CAP2)
- 11 A Biologically Based Computational Model of Working Memory
- 12 Models of Working Memory: Eight Questions and Some General Issues
- 13 Toward Unified Theories of Working Memory: Emerging General Consensus, Unresolved Theoretical Issues, and Future Research Directions
- Name Index
- Subject Index
Summary
FIVE CENTRAL FEATURES OF THE THEORY
In a connectionist control network, working memory is implemented via short-term activation and connection changes that support cognitive operations. The CAP2 approach is a model of skilled processing and learning. When applied to working memory the model instantiates multiple forms and mechanisms of working memory. The major features are:
(1) Memory and processing occur in a multilayered hierarchy of modular processors with limited interactions and a single executive modulating activity. The CAP2 micro- and macrostructural characteristics and temporal expectations show parallels in cortical architecture and activation patterns.
(2) Memory takes the form of activation vectors in modules, fast and slowly changing connection weights within and between modules with different activation, interference, and decay effects.
(3) The control and regulation of working memory is performed by a hierarchical control structure of an executive using activity and priority reports from the network of modules and input of messages on the inner loop to monitor and modulate message traffic.
(4) The executive is a limited sequential processing network that can execute the production system–like sequential operations, which are particularly critical in learning new tasks and maintaining temporary variable information that is not coded in consistent association patterns in the modular network. The executive has local memory to maintain variable bindings and sequential procedures to control the network to perform cognitive tasks.
(5) Skilled performance involves automatic module-to-module transmissions that can perform consistent associative mappings with little loading of the executive.
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- Information
- Models of Working MemoryMechanisms of Active Maintenance and Executive Control, pp. 340 - 374Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 1999
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