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Chapter 10 - Translational Neuroimaging in Psychiatry

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 February 2024

By
Marcella Bellani ,
Maria Gloria Rossetti ,
Eleonora Maggioni ,
Benedicto Crespo-Facorro  and
Paolo Brambilla
Edited by
Andrea Fiorillo ,
Peter Falkai  and
Philip Gorwood
Andrea Fiorillo
Affiliation:
University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, Naples
Peter Falkai
Affiliation:
Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Philip Gorwood
Affiliation:
Sainte-Anne Hospital, Paris
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Summary

In recent decades, neuroimaging has been worthy of increasing attention in psychiatry research. Specifically, noninvasive imaging modalities (e.g. structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging, diffusion tensor imaging, magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and positron emission tomography) have permitted a growing understanding of brain circuit alterations in mental health disorders and a continuous development of putative biomarkers to be used for diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive purposes. Yet, the clinical utility of such biomarkers is still under investigation. This chapter describes the most common neuroimaging methods used in psychiatric research, provides an overview of specific imaging-based research findings and their contributions toward the development of neurobiological markers for psychiatric disorders (focusing on major psychoses i.e., schizophrenia and bipolar disorder), and discusses limitations and future directions in the field of translational neuroimaging in psychiatry.

Keywords

translational psychiatryneuroimagingMRImachine learningbiomarkerfirst-episode psychosisschizophreniabipolar disorder
Type
Chapter
Information
Mental Health Research and Practice
From Evidence to Experience
 , pp. 158 - 176
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2024

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