This chapter reviews the published literature on terror and reactions to terror in Israel during the Second Intifada. It presents facts concerning terrorist attacks and their immediate victims. Suicide bomb attacks are characterized by the simultaneous occurrence of many physical casualties and by the exposure of those uninjured, and bystanders to sights of horror, body parts, agony and devastation. The chapter further reviews the range of psychological reactions to terrorism, putative moderators of these reactions, and the effect of terror on different segments of the population. Several studies have explored putative moderators of the relationship between exposure and psychological responses, such as gender, age, or religious belief. The chapter considers resiliency, endurance, and growth under threat. Several studies of the Second Intifada have addressed various aspects of resilience, and others can be read as reflecting a resilient, or even defiant attitude.