Models for Medication-Resistant Epilepsy

doi:10.1017/9781316492376.007

Chapter 7 - Models for Medication-Resistant Epilepsy

Published online by Cambridge University Press: 20 August 2020

Edited by

Raman Sankar and

John M. Stern: Affiliation:
Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA
Raman Sankar: Affiliation:
Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA
Michael Sperling: Affiliation:
Jefferson Hospital for Neurosciences, Philadelphia, PA

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Summary

The earliest effective therapies for the treatment of epilepsy emerged in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries without the use of any model systems. As documented engrossingly by Professor Martin Brodie [1], the description of the utility of bromides in the treatment of ‘hysterical’ epilepsy in young women by Sir Charles Locock in 1857, and the serendipitous discovery of the anti-convulsant properties of phenobarbital by Alfred Hauptman in 1912 [2] stemmed directly from human observations. It was Tracy Putnam who first set up a laboratory with electroencephalographic (EEG) equipment and studied the ability of compounds to protect cats from electroconvulsive seizures. The compounds were related to phenobarbital, and represented a portfolio of molecules developed by Parke, Davis & Company to create non-sedative anti-seizure drugs. Using the feline electroshock model (maximal electroshock seizures, MES), Putnam identified phenytoin (PHT) as a suitable candidate for clinical evaluation. Houston Merritt, his assistant, successfully used it to treat seizures in patients who were refractory to available treatments at that time [3].

Type: Chapter
Information: Medication-Resistant Epilepsy
Diagnosis and Treatment
, pp. 51 - 61

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781316492376.007 [Opens in a new window]

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Print publication year: 2020

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Chapter 7 - Models for Medication-Resistant Epilepsy

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