Skip to main content Accessibility help

We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.

Close cookie message
×
Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-dh8gc Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-06T10:50:24.387Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Chapter 21 - Diet Therapy for Medication-Resistant Epilepsy

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 August 2020

By
Eric H. Kossoff  and
Daniel B. Lowenstein
Edited by
John M. Stern ,
Raman Sankar  and
Michael Sperling
John M. Stern
Affiliation:
Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA
Raman Sankar
Affiliation:
Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA
Michael Sperling
Affiliation:
Jefferson Hospital for Neurosciences, Philadelphia, PA
Get access

Summary

Although pharmacologic therapy remains the mainstay of treatment for most types of epilepsy, today the use of dietary therapy, most notably the ketogenic diet (KD), has become increasingly recognized as helpful, especially in those patients whose seizures are resistant to traditional anti-seizure medications. The history of using dietary manipulation for seizures dates back to the time of The Bible [1]. There are descriptions of Jesus curing ‘possessed’ patients with prayer and fasting [2,3].

Type
Chapter
Information
Medication-Resistant Epilepsy
Diagnosis and Treatment
 , pp. 241 - 247
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2020

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Kossoff, E, Haney, C. Ketogenic diets. In: Shorvon, S, Perucca, E, Engel, J Jr (eds.), The Treatment of Epilepsy, 4th ed. Oxford: Wiley 2016:288–297. Google Scholar
Wheless, J. History of the ketogenic diet. Epilepsia 2008;49(Suppl 8):3–5Google Scholar
Huisjen, D. Mark 9:14–29. Today’s Parallel Bible. Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan Corporation. 2000:2306–2308Google Scholar
Guelpa, G, Marie, A. La lutte contre l‘e’pilepsie par la de’ sintoxication et par la re’e’ducation alimentaire. Rev Ther Medico-Chirurgicale 1911;78:8–13Google Scholar
Conklin, HW. Cause and treatment of epilepsy. J Am Osteopathic Assoc 1922;26:11–14Google Scholar
Geyelin, HR. Fasting as a method for treating epilepsy. Med Record 1921;99:1037–1039Google Scholar
Abrahams, J. An Introduction to the Ketogenic Diet: A Treatment for Pediatric Epilepsy (videotape). Santa Monica, CA: The Charlie Foundation, 1994.Google Scholar
Swink, TD, Vining, EPG, Freeman, JM. The ketogenic diet: 1997 Adv Pediatr 1997;44:297–329Google Scholar
Rogawski, MA, Löscher, W, Rho, JM. Mechanisms of action of antiseizure drugs and the ketogenic diet. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2016;6(5):a022780CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hartman, AL, Stafstrom, CE. Harnessing the power of metabolism for seizure prevention: focus on dietary treatments. Epilepsy Behav 2013;26(3):173–178CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sillanpää, M, Schmidt, D. Natural history of treated childhood-onset epilepsy: prospective, long-term population-based study. Brain 2006;129:617–624CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Nordli, DR Jr, Kuroda, MM, Carroll, J, et al. Experience with the ketogenic diet in infants. Pediatrics 2001;108:129–133Google Scholar
Dressler, A, Trimmel-Schwahofer, P, Reithofer, E, et al. The ketogenic diet in infants – Advantages in early use. Epilepsy Res 2015;116:53–58Google Scholar
Vining, EPG, Freeman, JM, Ballaban-Gil, K, et al. A multicenter study of the efficacy of the ketogenic diet. Arch Neurol 1998;55:1433–1437CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Freeman, JM, Vining, EPG, Pillas, DJ, et al. The efficacy of the ketogenic diet – 1998: a prospective evaluation of intervention in 150 children. Pediatrics 1998;102:1358–1363Google Scholar
Henderson, CB, Filloux, FM, Alder, SC, et al. Efficacy of the ketogenic diet as a treatment option for epilepsy: meta-analysis. J Child Neurol 2006;21:193–198Google Scholar
Neal, EG, Chaffe, H, Schwartz, RH, et al. The ketogenic diet for the treatment of childhood epilepsy: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet Neurol 2008;7:500–506Google Scholar
Kossoff, EH, Laux, LC, Blackford, R, et al. When do seizures improve with the ketogenic diet? Epilepsia 2008;49:329–333Google Scholar
Levy, RG, Cooper, PN, Giri, P. Ketogenic diet and other dietary treatments for epilepsy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012;(3):CD001903Google Scholar
Hemingway, C, Freeman, JM, Pillas, DJ, Pyzik, PL. The ketogenic diet: a 3- to 6-year follow-up of 150 children enrolled prospectively. Pediatrics 2001;108:898–905CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Leen, WG, Klepper, J, Verbeek, MM, et al. Glucose transporter-1 deficiency syndrome: the expanding clinical and genetic spectrum of a treatable disorder. Brain 2010;133:655–670Google Scholar
Wexler, ID, Hemalatha, SG, McConnell, J, et al. Outcome of pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency treated with ketogenic diets: studies in patients with identical mutations. Neurology 1997;49:1655–1661Google Scholar
Kossoff, EH, Pyzik, PL, McGrogan, JR, et al. Efficacy of the ketogenic diet for infantile spasms. Pediatrics 2002;109:780–783Google Scholar
Sofou, K, Dahlin, M, Hallböök, T, et al. Ketogenic diet in pyruvate dehydrogenase complex deficiency: short- and long-term outcomes. J Inherit Metab Dis 2017;40:237–245Google Scholar
Kossoff, EH, Hedderick, EF, Turner, Z, et al. A case–control evaluation of the ketogenic diet versus ACTH for new-onset infantile spasms. Epilepsia 2008;49:1504–1509Google Scholar
Hong, AM, Turner, Z, Hamdy, RF, Kossoff, EH. Infantile spasms treated with the ketogenic diet: Prospective single-center experience in 104 consecutive infants. Epilepsia 2010;51(8):1403–1407Google Scholar
Kossoff, EH, Zupec-Kania, BA, Amark, PE, et al. Optimal clinical management of children receiving the ketogenic diet: recommendations of the international ketogenic diet study group. Epilepsia 2009;50:304–317CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bergqvist, AGC, Schall, JI, Gallagher, PR, et al. Fasting versus gradual initiation of the ketogenic diet: a prospective, randomized clinical trial of efficacy. Epilepsia 2005;46(11):1810–1819Google Scholar
Kossoff, EH, Cervenka, MC, Henry, BJ, Turner, Z. A decade of the modified Atkins diet (2003–2013): results, insights, and future direction. Epilepsy Behav 2013;29(3):437–442Google Scholar
Neal, EG, Chaffe, H, Schwartz, RH. A randomized trial of classical and medium-chain triglyceride ketogenic diets in the treatment of childhood epilepsy. Epilepsia 2009;50(5):1109–1117Google Scholar
Pfeifer, HH, Thiele, EA. Low-glycemic index treatment: a liberalized ketogenic diet for treatment of intractable epilepsy. Neurology 2005;65(11):1810–1812Google Scholar
Muzykewicz, DA, Lyczkowski, DA, Memon, N, et al. Efficacy, safety, and tolerability of the low glycemic index treatment in pediatric epilepsy. Epilepsia 2009;50(5):1118–1126Google Scholar
Vining, EPG, Pyzik, P, McGrogan, J, et al. Growth of children on the ketogenic diet. Dev Med Child Neurol 2002;44:796–802Google Scholar
Kapetanakis, M, Liuba, P, Odermarsky, M, et al. Effects of ketogenic diet on vascular function. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2014;18:489–494Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure [email protected] is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×