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3 - Martian surface chemistry: APXS results from the Pathfinder landing site

from Part II - Elemental Composition: Orbital and in situ Surface Measurements

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 December 2009

By
C. N. Foley ,
T. E. Economou ,
R. N. Clayton ,
J. Brückner ,
G. Dreibus ,
R. Rieder  and
H. Wänke
Edited by
Jim Bell
C. N. Foley
Affiliation:
Department of Terrestrial Magnetism, Carnegie Institute of Washington, 5241 Broad Branch Road, NW Washington, DC 20015-1305, USA
T. E. Economou
Affiliation:
Laboratory for Astrophysics & Space Res. University of Chicago, 933 East 56th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
R. N. Clayton
Affiliation:
Enrico Fermi Institute, 5640 S. Ellis Avenue, RI 440 Chicago, IL 60637, USA
J. Brückner
Affiliation:
Geochemistry Department, Max Planck Institut für Chemie, PO Box 3060, Mainz D-55020, Germany
G. Dreibus
Affiliation:
Cosmochemistry Deparment, Max Planck Institut für Chemie, PO Box 3060, Mainz D-55020, Germany
R. Rieder
Affiliation:
Cosmochemistry Deparment, Max Planck Institut für Chemie, PO Box 3060, Mainz D-55020, Germany
H. Wänke
Affiliation:
Abteilung Kosmochemie Max Planck Institut für Chemie, PO Box 3060, Mainz D-55020, Germany
Jim Bell
Affiliation:
Cornell University, New York
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Summary

ABSTRACT

The Mars Pathfinder Alpha Proton X-ray Spectrometer (APXS) was utilized to determine the major and minor elemental abundances of rocks and soils at the 1997 landing site in Ares Vallis. The determined abundances suggest that: (1) the rocks are covered with various amounts of soil; (2) the Soil-Free Rock (SFR) chemistry is similar to that of an evolved SNC-like (SNC – Shergottite, Nakhlite, and Chassignite) igneous tholeiitic basalt-andesite to andesite that is minimally altered (possibly similar to Type 2 TES material); (3) the carbon content is below detection limits for all samples, implying < 5% as MgCO3 (Brückner et al., 1999); (4) the α-mode oxygen abundance indicates that mineral-bound water, above the value for igneous rocks, is present in some rocks and is therefore indicative of some nonigneous alteration and therefore possibly rock-rinds that obscure the petrology of the SFR; and (5) the Pathfinder soils are similar to the Viking fines and may be composed of mafic igneous material like the SNC meteorites and of volatiles deposited from volcanic emissions, as previously suggested by Clark (1993) for the Viking soils.

Type
Chapter
Information
The Martian Surface
Composition, Mineralogy and Physical Properties
 , pp. 33 - 57
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2008

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  • Martian surface chemistry: APXS results from the Pathfinder landing site
    • By C. N. Foley, Department of Terrestrial Magnetism, Carnegie Institute of Washington, 5241 Broad Branch Road, NW Washington, DC 20015-1305, USA, T. E. Economou, Laboratory for Astrophysics & Space Res. University of Chicago, 933 East 56th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA, R. N. Clayton, Enrico Fermi Institute, 5640 S. Ellis Avenue, RI 440 Chicago, IL 60637, USA, J. Brückner, Geochemistry Department, Max Planck Institut für Chemie, PO Box 3060, Mainz D-55020, Germany, G. Dreibus, Cosmochemistry Deparment, Max Planck Institut für Chemie, PO Box 3060, Mainz D-55020, Germany, R. Rieder, Cosmochemistry Deparment, Max Planck Institut für Chemie, PO Box 3060, Mainz D-55020, Germany, H. Wänke, Abteilung Kosmochemie Max Planck Institut für Chemie, PO Box 3060, Mainz D-55020, Germany
  • Edited by Jim Bell, Cornell University, New York
  • Book: The Martian Surface
  • Online publication: 10 December 2009
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511536076.004
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  • Martian surface chemistry: APXS results from the Pathfinder landing site
    • By C. N. Foley, Department of Terrestrial Magnetism, Carnegie Institute of Washington, 5241 Broad Branch Road, NW Washington, DC 20015-1305, USA, T. E. Economou, Laboratory for Astrophysics & Space Res. University of Chicago, 933 East 56th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA, R. N. Clayton, Enrico Fermi Institute, 5640 S. Ellis Avenue, RI 440 Chicago, IL 60637, USA, J. Brückner, Geochemistry Department, Max Planck Institut für Chemie, PO Box 3060, Mainz D-55020, Germany, G. Dreibus, Cosmochemistry Deparment, Max Planck Institut für Chemie, PO Box 3060, Mainz D-55020, Germany, R. Rieder, Cosmochemistry Deparment, Max Planck Institut für Chemie, PO Box 3060, Mainz D-55020, Germany, H. Wänke, Abteilung Kosmochemie Max Planck Institut für Chemie, PO Box 3060, Mainz D-55020, Germany
  • Edited by Jim Bell, Cornell University, New York
  • Book: The Martian Surface
  • Online publication: 10 December 2009
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511536076.004
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  • Martian surface chemistry: APXS results from the Pathfinder landing site
    • By C. N. Foley, Department of Terrestrial Magnetism, Carnegie Institute of Washington, 5241 Broad Branch Road, NW Washington, DC 20015-1305, USA, T. E. Economou, Laboratory for Astrophysics & Space Res. University of Chicago, 933 East 56th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA, R. N. Clayton, Enrico Fermi Institute, 5640 S. Ellis Avenue, RI 440 Chicago, IL 60637, USA, J. Brückner, Geochemistry Department, Max Planck Institut für Chemie, PO Box 3060, Mainz D-55020, Germany, G. Dreibus, Cosmochemistry Deparment, Max Planck Institut für Chemie, PO Box 3060, Mainz D-55020, Germany, R. Rieder, Cosmochemistry Deparment, Max Planck Institut für Chemie, PO Box 3060, Mainz D-55020, Germany, H. Wänke, Abteilung Kosmochemie Max Planck Institut für Chemie, PO Box 3060, Mainz D-55020, Germany
  • Edited by Jim Bell, Cornell University, New York
  • Book: The Martian Surface
  • Online publication: 10 December 2009
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511536076.004
Available formats
×