Chapter 2 focuses on the main source of revenue and wealth for Qajar rulers: land. It begins by explaining how the conquest of the Safavid Empire’s former territories was central to Aqa Muhammad Khan’s career, before explaining the continuities in land administration between the Qajars and earlier polities, with particular attention to the Qajar system of assigning land (tuyūl) and collecting taxes (māliyāt). The chapter then provides specific examples of how Qajar rulers handled disputes over land, and the political uses of land assignment.