People throughout China rose up in outrage when they learned of the Beijing massacre. They blockaded roads and railways, and even formed new political parties. In Chengdu, authorities followed the Beijing model of "clearing the square," and in the process, police killed demonstrators. Shanghai's leaders responded differently, mobilizing loyal workers to clear blockades instead of resorting to violence. In late June, explosions rocked two passenger trains, causing mass casualties. Communist Party officials in Beijing blamed saboteurs who were reacting to the Beijing massacre.