Chapter 17 provides the first analysis of the causes and consequences shaping Israel’s foreign policy towards established and emerging powers beyond the Middle East two decades after the end of the Cold War. The chapter identifies two contradicting trends in Israel’s foreign policy towards China, India, the EU, and the USA. On the one hand, the economic ties with all four countries had deepened and expanded significantly. On the other, Israel’s foreign policy towards all four power remains vulnerable to different degrees. In the case of the USA and EU, the deepening Israeli occupation of the Palestinians poses a normative threat to the long-term endurance of these relationships. As far as Israel-China and Israel-India ties are concerned, they are contingent on these powers’ economic interests in Arab Gulf States - and to a lesser extent Iran - and their burgeoning ties with Israel remaining compartmentalized.